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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Taanis 2:8 - 2:9

The Mishnah Yomi for Thursday, May 31, 2029 is Taanis 2:8 - 2:9

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Taanis Perek 2 Mishnah 8

תענית פרק ב׳ משנה ח׳

8
The mishna returns to the issue of fasting: Any day concerning which it is written in Megillat Ta’anit not to eulogize on that day, it is also prohibited to eulogize on the day before, but it is permitted to do so on the following day. Rabbi Yosei says: It is prohibited to eulogize both on the day before and on the following day. The mishna continues: With regard to those days concerning which it is written only not to fast, it is permitted to fast on the day before and on the following day. Rabbi Yosei says: Fasting the day before is prohibited, but on the following day it is permitted to fast.
כֹּל הַכָּתוּב בִּמְגִלַּת תַּעֲנִית דְּלֹא לְמִסְפַּד, לְפָנָיו אָסוּר, לְאַחֲרָיו מֻתָּר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, לְפָנָיו וּלְאַחֲרָיו אָסוּר. דְּלֹא לְהִתְעַנָּאָה בְהוֹן, לְפָנָיו וּלְאַחֲרָיו מֻתָּר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, לְפָנָיו אָסוּר, לְאַחֲרָיו מֻתָּר:
ח׳

כל הכתוב במגילת תענית – days in which miracles were performed for Israel during the Second Temple period and they established holidays. There is a day where one only does not fast on them and there are days in which they were more stringent by not giving eulogies on them, and those in which they were more stringent, it was forbidden to give eulogies.

לפניו אסור – to give eulogies [on the day before], lest they come to do this on the holy day itself [where it was absolutely forbidden].

לאחריו מותר – since the holiday passed, we are not concerned. And we establish for ourselves [today] since the Scroll of Fasts has been voided, that all of the days that were written there to not fast or to give eulogies on them – all of them are permissible [now] to fast and give eulogies [on them], except for Hanukkah [25 Kislev to 2/3 Tevet] and Purim [i.e. 14 Adar or 15 Adar in a walled city from the time of Joshua] , which in which giving eulogies and fasting are prohibited, but on the days before them and after them, it is permissible.

כל הכתוב במגילת תענית. ימים שנעשו בהם ניסים לישראל בבית שני וקבעו ימים טובים. אית יומא דלא להתענאה בהון בלבד ואית יומי דחמירי טפי דלא למספד בהון. ואותן שהן חמורים ואסורים בהספד.

לפניו אסור בהספד, דלמא אתי למעבד הכי ביו״ט גופיה.

לאחריו מותר דכיון דעבר יום טוב לא חיישינן. ואנן קיי״ל דבטלה מגילת תענית, וכל אותן הימים הכתובים שם דלא להתענאה ודלא למספד, כולן מותרין בהספד ותענית, חוץ מחנוכה ופורים שאסורין בהספד ותענית. וימים שלפניהם ואחריהם מותר:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Taanis Perek 2 Mishnah 9

תענית פרק ב׳ משנה ט׳

9
The mishna continues: One may not decree a fast on the community starting on a Thursday, so as not to cause an increase in prices. If the first of a series of fasts is on a Thursday, then on Friday everyone will come to purchase their food for after the fast and for Shabbat, which will allow the storeowners to take advantage of the crowds and raise their prices. Rather, the first set of three fasts is on a Monday, Thursday, and the following Monday, and the second set of three is on a Thursday, Monday, and the following Thursday. Rabbi Yosei says: Just as the first three fasts do not begin on Thursday, so too, neither the second set nor the last set starts on a Thursday. Instead, all the series of fasts begin on a Monday.
אֵין גּוֹזְרִין תַּעֲנִית עַל הַצִּבּוּר בַּתְּחִלָּה בַּחֲמִישִׁי, שֶׁלֹּא לְהַפְקִיעַ הַשְּׁעָרִים, אֶלָּא שָׁלשׁ תַּעֲנִיּוֹת הָרִאשׁוֹנוֹת שֵׁנִי וַחֲמִישִׁי וְשֵׁנִי, וְשָׁלשׁ שְׁנִיּוֹת חֲמִישִׁי שֵׁנִי וַחֲמִישִׁי. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאֵין הָרִאשׁוֹנוֹת בַּחֲמִישִׁי, כָּךְ לֹא שְׁנִיּוֹת וְלֹא אַחֲרוֹנוֹת:
ט׳

שלא להפקיע את השערים – When we see that store owners would purchase two large meals at the conclusion of the fifth day of the week (i.e., Thursday), one for the night of the fast and one for Shabat, people would think that there a famine is coming in the world causing prices to rise and unsettling the market. But when they started to fast on Mondays, people knew that it was none other than because of [the need to] fast [for rain to fall]. Another explanation: that they should not say that if the Jewish court did not see that the famine is coming, they would not have pushed to decree a fast now so close to Shabbat, and because of that, the prices would rise and the market became unsettled.

שלא להפקיע את השערים. כשרואין בעלי חנויות שקונין למוצאי חמישי שתי סעודות גדולות, אחת לליל התענית ואחת לשבת, יהיו סבורין שבא רעב לעולם ומיקרין ומפקיעין השער. אבל משהתחילו להתענות בשני, יודעים שאינו אלא מפני התענית, פ״א שלא יאמרו אם לא שראו ב״ד שהרעב בא, לא היו דוחקים לגזור תענית עתה סמוך לשבת, ומפני כן ייקרו ויפקיעו השער:

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