Today's Mishnah Yomi
Yevamos 6:6 - 7:1
The Mishnah Yomi for Friday, November 17, 2023 is Yevamos 6:6 - 7:1
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 6 Mishnah 6
יבמות פרק ו׳ משנה ו׳
Bartenura
בית שמאי אומרים שני זכרים. דילפינן ממשה שפירש מן האשה לאחר שנולדו לו שני זכרים:
ובית הלל אומרים זכר ונקיבה שנאמר זכר ונקבה בראם. וממשה אין ראיה שעל פי הדבור עשה:
ושהה עמה עשר שנים וכו׳ כדאשכחן באברהם לאחר ששהה עשר שנים עם שרה ולא ילדה נשא הגר. וימים שישב עמה בחוצה לארץ לא עלו מן המנין, דדלמא ישיבת חוץ לארץ גרמה. וכל הימים שהאיש או האשה חולים או חבושים בבית האסורים וכיוצא בזה מדברים שמונעים התשמיש אין עולין למנין עשר שנים:
גירשה מותרת לינשא לאחר. דשמא לאו מינה הוי אלא מיניה. וכשהוא מגרשה נותן לה כתובתה אם טוענת דמיניה הוא שאינו יורה כחץ, ומטילין חרם עליה אם יודעת שהוא יורה כחץ וטוענת עליו טענת שקר:
האיש מצווה על פריה ורביה ולא האשה. דכתיב (בראשית א׳) פרו ורבו וגו׳ וכבשוה, וכבשה כתיב חסר וי״ו, האיש שדרכו לכבוש את האשה הוא מצווה על פריה ורביה:
רבי יוחנן בן ברוקא אומר וכו׳ ולית הלכתא כותיה:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 7 Mishnah 1
יבמות פרק ז׳ משנה א׳
Bartenura
אלמנה לכ"ג: עבדי מלוג – what the woman leaves for herself and does not write in her Ketubah is called
נכסי (עבדי) מלוג – a wife’s estate of which the husband has the fruition without responsibility for loss or deterioration - that the husband “plucks” that property like the plucking of chickens because he consumes the fruits of those properties and if they lessened [In value] they lessened for her, and if they increased, they increased for her. But נכסי צאן ברזל (mort-main, the wife’s estate held by her husband, which, in the case of her death or divorce, he must restore “in specie,” being responsible with all his landed property for loss or deterioration) – they are the properties that she brought in to him and what he adds to it is hers, and they wrote into the Ketubah: the total amount that so-and-so accepted upon himself is such -and such, in her Ketubah, and therefore, they are called צאן ברזל – as the principal exists like iron, and if everyone died, the husband is liable to because they are accustomed to place the sheep in such-and-such an appraisement of valuables (brought into the marriage by the wife) , and the shepherd would be responsible for them (if lost), according to the estimate even if all the sheep died, hence, they are called properties that the husband accepts responsibility for - נכסי צאן ברזל (that must be returned to the wife “in specie” in the event of death or divorce.
אלמנה לכהן גדול: עבדי מלוג. מה שהאשה משיירת לעצמה ואינה כותבת בכתובתה, נקראים נכסי מלוג, שהבעל מולג אותם נכסים כמליגת התרנגולים, מפני שהוא אוכל פירות אותן נכסים, ואם פחתו פחתו לה ואם הותירו הותירו לה. ונכסי צאן ברזל הם הנכסים שהכניסה לו ומה שהוסיף הוא לה וכתבו בכתובה סך הכל קיבל עליו פלוני כך וכך בכתובתה. ולכך נקראים צאן ברזל, שהקרן קיים כברזל, שאם מתו כולן, חייב הבעל לשלם. ולפי שהיו רגילים לשום הצאן בשומת כך וכך והיה הרועה חייב באחריותן כפי השומא אפילו אם מתו כל הצאן, לכך נקראו הנכסים שהבעל מקבל עליו אחריותן נכסי צאן ברזל:
עבדי מלוג לא יאכלו. לפי שהן שלה והיא חללה:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
ב"ש אומרים שני זכרים – that we derive it from Moses who separated from [his] wife afer two males were born to him.
וב"ה אומרים זכר ונקיבה – as it states (Genesis 5:2): “male and female He created them.” But from Moses, it is not a proof because he acted following the Divine order.
ושהה עמה עשר שנים וכו' – as we find with Abraham after he tarried with his wife for ten years without her giving birth, he married Hagar and for the days that he lived with her outside the Land [of Israel], the did not count in the number, for perhaps dwelling outside of the land caused it, and all the days that the husband or the wife are sick or are imprisoned and in a similar manner we speak that they prevent sexual intimacy, they do not count to the number of ten years.
גרשה מותרת לינשא לאחר – for perhaps it was not her, but rather him [who was infertile], and when he divorces her, he gives her the Ketubah settlement if she claims that it is from him [who was infertile] who does not have a spermatic emission which does not shoot forth like an arrow (i.e., does not fructify), and they place an oath upon her if she knows that he does have a spermatic emission which does shoot forth like an arrow , and she makes against him false claim which is a lie.
האיש מצווה על פריה ורביה ולא האשה – as it is written (Genesis 1:28): “Be fertile and increase, [fill the earth] and master it,” and [the word] "כבשה" is written without a “VAV.” It is the way for a man to conquer the woman; he is commanded on “being fertile and increase.”
רבי יוחנן בן ברוקה אומר וכו' – But the Halakha is not according to him.