Today's Mishnah Yomi
Yevamos 16:2 - 16:3
The Mishnah Yomi for Sunday, December 24, 2023 is Yevamos 16:2 - 16:3
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 16 Mishnah 2
יבמות פרק ט"ז משנה ב׳
Bartenura
שתי יבמות. נשי שני אחים:
מפני בעלה של זו. שמא הוא חי וזקוקה לו, ואע״פ שאשתו אומרת מת, אינה נאמנת להתיר זו לשוק על פיה, שאין יבמה מעידה לחברתה:
לזו עדים. שמת בעלה, ולזו אין לה עדים:
זו שיש לה עדים אסורה. לינשא לשוק, מפני יבמה שאין עדים שמת:
וזו שאין לה עדים מותרת. שהרי בשביל בעלה אינה נאסרת שהיא נאמנת לומר מת בעלי, ובשביל יבמה נמי לא מתסרא שהרי באו עדים שמת:
לזו בנים ולזו אין בנים. ואין עדים לא לזו ולא לזו, את שיש לה בנים מותרת ואת שאין לה בנים אסורה:
נתיבמו. שהיו להן כאן שני יבמין ונתיבמו ומתו היבמים, אסורות להנשא לשוק, זו מפני בעלה הראשון של זו וזו מפני בעלה הראשון של זו. אע״פ שהיו שתיהן נשואות ליבמיהן בחזקת שמתו בעליהן, על פי עצמן נישאו. והיו נאמנות שהאשה שאמרה מת בעלי תתיבם, אבל עכשיו שתהיינה נשואות לשוק לא. שאם ינשאו לשוק נמצא עדותה של זו מועיל לזו ועדותה של זו מועיל לזו ואין היבמות מעידות זו לזו:
הואיל והותרו ליבמין. בחזקת שמתו בעליהן, הותרו לינשא לשוק, דתו לא חיישינן שמא הם בחיים. ואין הלכה כרבי אלעזר:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 16 Mishnah 3
יבמות פרק ט"ז משנה ג׳
Bartenura
פרצוף פנים עם החוטם – if he did not see him with the appearance of his face or that his nose was taken , we don’t testify to permit [someone else] to marry his wife, for perhaps it is not him.
מגוייד – dissected like [Daniel 4:14]: “Hew down the tree, [lop off is branches].”
או חיה אוכלת בו – specifically in he place where his soul does not depart from [his body], but if it in the place where the soul departs, he testifies about him that he has died.
אין מעידין אלא עד ג' ימים – if they did not see him until after three days of his death, we don’t testify regarding him, for we suspect lest the appearance of his face has changed and this [individual] is not that whom they think [that it is].
ר' יהודה בן בבא אומר לא כל אדם וכו' – there are people who speedily blows/swells up, such as a heavy persn, and there is a place where a person speedily decomposes and to change, such as in a hot place, and there is a time when the world is hot and a person speedily decomposes and changes, and everything is according to the individual, and the place and the time, whether for leniency or for stringency and the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
פרצוף פנים עם החוטם. אם לא ראהו בפרצוף פניו, או שניטל חוטמו, אין מעידין להשיא את אשתו, שמא אינו הוא:
מגוייד. מנותח. כמו גודו אילנא (דניאל ד׳ י״א:)
או חיה אוכלת בו. דוקא במקום שאין נפשו יוצאה, אבל במקום שנפשו יוצאה, מעיד עליו שהוא מת:
אין מעידין אלא עד שלשה ימים. אם לא ראוהו עד לאחר שלשה ימים למיתתו אין מעידין עליו, דחיישינן שמא נשתנו מראית פניו ואינו זה שהם סבורים:
ר׳ יהודה בן בבא אומר לא כל אדם וכו׳ יש לך אדם שממהר להנפח, כגון אדם שמן. ויש מקום שאדם ממהר להסריח ולהשתנות בו כגון מקום חמה. ויש לך שעה שהעולם חם ואדם ממהר להסריח ולהשתנות, והכל לפי האדם והמקום והשעה בין לקולא בין לחומרא. ואין הלכה כר׳ יהודה:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
שתי יבמות – the wives of two brothers.
מפני בעלה של זו – perhaps he is living and she is bound/chained to him, and even though that his wife states that he has died, she is not believed to permit this one (i.e., the woman) to the whole world through her [words on her] lips for the widow of a brother who died without issue does not provide testimony on her fellow widow of a brother who died without issue.
לזו עדים – whose husband died and the other [woman whose husband died] does not have witnesses.
זו שיש לה עדים אסורה – to marry to the entire world, for she is a widow of a brother who died without issue who did not have witnesses that he died.
וזו שאין לה עדים מותרת – for on account of her husband, she is not forbidden, for she is believed to state: “my husband died,” and because of her being a widow of a brother who died without issue also, she is not forbidden for witnesses came testifying that he had died.
לזו בנים ולזו אין בנים – and there are witnesses neither to this one nor to that one; the woman who has children is permitted [to remarry] and the one who has no children is prohibited [from remarrying].
נתיבמו – that they had here two widows of brothers who died without issue and they married their levirs and the levirs died, they are forbidden to marry anyone in the whole world: this one (i.e., the first woman), because of the first husband of the other one, and that one (i.e., the second woman) because of the first husband of the other one, even though both were married to their levirs because of the presumption that their husbands had died, through their own testimony hey married, and they were believed, for the woman who said: “my husband died,” should be married by her levir. But now, that they would will be married to anyone in the world, no, for if they would marry to anyone in the world, it would be found that the testimony of this woman would be beneficial to that one (i.e., woman) and the testimony of that one (i.e., woman) would be beneficial to the other (i.e. woman), and widows of brothers who died without issue cannot give testimony one for the other.
הואיל והותרו ליבמין – on the presumption their husbands had died, they were permitted to marry anyone in the world, and furthermore, we don’t suspect lest that they are living, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eleazar.