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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Kesuvos 12:3 - 12:4

The Mishnah Yomi for Wednesday, February 14, 2024 is Kesuvos 12:3 - 12:4

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Kesuvos Perek 12 Mishnah 3

כתובות פרק י"ב משנה ג׳

3
In the case of a widow who said: I do not want to move from my husband’s house, but instead I wish to remain there, the heirs are not able to say to her: Go to your father’s house and we will sustain you. Rather, they sustain her in her husband’s house and they give her living quarters befitting her dignity. However, if she said: I do not want to move from my father’s house, and you should bring me my support there, the heirs are able to say to her: If you are living with us, you will have sustenance from us, but if you are not living with us, you will not have sustenance from us. If she argued that she does not wish to live in her deceased husband’s house because she is young, and they, the heirs, are also young, and it is improper for them to be living in the same house together, then they sustain her and she stays in her father’s house.
אַלְמָנָה שֶׁאָמְרָה אִי אֶפְשִׁי לָזוּז מִבֵּית בַּעְלִי, אֵין הַיּוֹרְשִׁין יְכוֹלִין לוֹמַר לָהּ לְכִי לְבֵית אָבִיךְ וְאָנוּ זָנִין אוֹתָךְ, אֶלָּא זָנִין אוֹתָהּ בְּבֵית בַּעְלָהּ וְנוֹתְנִין לָהּ מָדוֹר לְפִי כְבוֹדָהּ. אָמְרָה אִי אֶפְשִׁי לָזוּז מִבֵּית אַבָּא, יְכוֹלִים הַיּוֹרְשִׁים לוֹמַר לָהּ, אִם אַתְּ אֶצְלֵנוּ יֶשׁ לִיךְ מְזוֹנוֹת, וְאִם אֵין אַתְּ אֶצְלֵנוּ אֵין לִיךְ מְזוֹנוֹת. אִם הָיְתָה טוֹעֶנֶת מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא יַלְדָּה וְהֵן יְלָדִים, זָנִין אוֹתָהּ וְהִיא בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ:
ג׳

ונותנין לה מדור – and similarly, utensils, male servants and maid servants that she would use them during the lifetime of her husband and if the house fell, they don’t have to build her another house, for it is taught in the Mishnah: “you will dwell in my house,” and even if she wanted to build it from her from her own funds, we don’t listen do her.

אם את אצלנו יש ליך מזונות – that the blessing of the house is plentiful.

ונותנין לה מדור. וכן כלי תשמיש ועבדים ושפחות שהיתה משתמשת בהם בחיי בעלה. ואם נפל הבית אין חייבים לבנות לה בית אחר, דאת תהא יתבא בביתי תנן. ואפילו רצתה לבנותו מממונה אין שומעין לה:

אם את אצלנו יש ליך מזונות. שברכת הבית ברובה:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Kesuvos Perek 12 Mishnah 4

כתובות פרק י"ב משנה ד׳

4
As long as a widow is living in the house of her father and is being supported by her husband’s heirs, she may always collect payment of her marriage contract, even after many years. As long as she is living in the house of her husband, she may collect payment of her marriage contract until twenty-five years later, at which point she may no longer collect the payment. This is because there is enough time in twenty-five years for her to do favors and give to others, thereby spending the resources of the orphans, until what she has spent equals the value of her marriage contract. This is the statement of Rabbi Meir, who said it in the name of Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel. And the Rabbis say the opposite: As long as she is residing in the house of her husband she may always collect payment of her marriage contract, since during this time the heirs are caring for her and she is therefore embarrassed to sue them for payment of her marriage contract. However, as long as she is in the house of her father she may collect payment of her marriage contract until twenty-five years later, and if by then she has not sued for it, it is assumed that she has waived her rights to it. If she died, her heirs mention her marriage contract up until twenty-five years later.
כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהִיא בְבֵית אָבִיהָ, גּוֹבָה כְתֻבָּתָהּ לְעוֹלָם. כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהִיא בְּבֵית בַּעְלָהּ, גּוֹבָה כְתֻבָּתָהּ עַד עֶשְׂרִים וְחָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים, שֶׁיֵּשׁ בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְחָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים שֶׁתַּעֲשֶׂה טוֹבָה כְנֶגֶד כְּתֻבָּתָהּ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר שֶׁאָמַר מִשּׁוּם רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהִיא בְּבֵית בַּעְלָהּ, גּוֹבָה כְתֻבָּתָהּ לְעוֹלָם. כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהִיא בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ, גּוֹבָה כְתֻבָּתָהּ עַד עֶשְׂרִים וְחָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים. מֵתָה, יוֹרְשֶׁיהָ מַזְכִּירִין כְּתֻבָּתָהּ עַד עֶשְׂרִים וְחָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים:
ד׳

כל זמן שהיא בבית אביה – and the heirs gave to support there.

גובה כתובתה – when she desires.

שתעשה טובה – from the property of orphans, she gives bread and salt to her neighbors up to [the value of] her Ketubah settlement.

וחכמים אומרים – they did not mention twenty five years to cause her to lose her Ketubah settlement because of the good that she will do from the property of the orphans, but rather, concerning the issue of renunciation, it was mentioned by them that since she was silent and had not claimed [her Ketubah settlement] all these years, she renounced [it], therefore, all the time that she is in the house of her husband, her silence is renunciation since because they honor her, she is ashamed to claim her Ketubah settlement; but in her father’s house, since she had been silent for twenty-five years, it is a renunciation.

מתה יורשיה מזכירין כתובתה – meaning to say, they need to claim her Ketubah settlement within twenty-five years and especially when she took an oath on her Ketubah prior to her passing. This is the case where her heirs are able to claim her Ketubah settlement, but if she had not taken an oath regarding her Ketubah, her heirs do not inherit from her Ketubah anything, and no one bequeaths an oath to his children.

כל זמן שהיא בבית אביה. והיורשים נתנו לה מזונותיה שם:

גובה כתובתה. כשתרצה:

שתעשה טובה. מנכסי יתומים, נותנת לחם ומלח לשכנותיה כדי כתובתה:

וחכמים אומרים. לא הוזכרו חמש ועשרים שנה להפסידה כתובתה בשביל הטובה שתעשה מנכסי היתומים אלא לענין המחילה הוזכרו דהואיל ושתקה ולא תבעה כל השנים הללו מחלה, הלכך כל זמן שהיא בבית בעלה אין שתיקתה מחילה שמפני שמכבדים אותה היא בושה לתבוע כתובתה, אבל בבית אביה מששתקה כ״ה שנים מחילה היא:

מתה יורשיה מזכירין כתובתה. כלומר צריכין לתבוע כתובתה בתוך כ״ה שנה. ודוקא כשנשבעה על כתובתה קודם שמתה הוא דיורשיה יכולים לתבוע כתובתה. אבל אם לא נשבעה על כתובתה, אין יורשיה יורשים מכתובתה כלום, שאין אדם מוריש שבועה לבניו:

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