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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Nedarim 11:6 - 11:7

The Mishnah Yomi for Tuesday, April 2, 2024 is Nedarim 11:6 - 11:7

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Nedarim Perek 11 Mishnah 6

נדרים פרק י"א משנה ו׳

6
If a woman said: Tasting these figs and grapes is konam for me, and her husband upheld her vow with regard to figs, the entire vow is upheld, but if he nullified it with regard to figs it is not nullified until he also nullifies the vow with regard to grapes. If she said: Tasting a fig and tasting a grape are konam for me, these are viewed as two separate vows; if the husband upholds one of the vows it has no effect on the other one.
אָמְרָה, קוֹנָם תְּאֵנִים וַעֲנָבִים אֵלּוּ שֶׁאֵינִי טוֹעֶמֶת, קִיֵּם לַתְּאֵנִים, כֻּלּוֹ קַיָּם. הֵפֵר לַתְּאֵנִים, אֵינוֹ מוּפָר עַד שֶׁיָּפֵר אַף לָעֲנָבִים. אָמְרָה, קוֹנָם תְּאֵנִים שֶׁאֵינִי טוֹעֶמֶת וַעֲנָבִים שֶׁאֵינִי טוֹעֶמֶת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ שְׁנֵי נְדָרִים:
ו׳

קיים לתאנים כולו קיים כו' (he confirmed the vow regarding figs, the whole is deemed confirmed) – and the reason, as it is written (Numbers 30:14): “[Every vow and every sworn obligation of self-denial] may be upheld by her husband [or annulled by her husband,” he will uphold from it, that when he upholds part of it, he upholds all of it. But, (ibid.,) “annulled [by her husband],” one cannot expound as such, for it is not annulled until he annuls all of it. But these are the words of an individual opinion, and is not Halakha, but the Halakha is according to the Sages who sate that one makes an analogy on the principle common in both, making an analogy between הקמה/upholding and הפרה/nullifying/absolving. Just as regarding absolution, what he absolved, he absolved, and what he didn’t absolve, he didn’t absolve, for there is no expounding from annulling/יפרנו (Numbers 30:14), partial annulment, even upholding – what he upheld heupheld, and what he didn’t uphold, he didn’t uphold, and from יקימנו/upheld [by her husband] (Numbers 30:14),also, we don’t expound partial upholding, but it is the manner of Scripture to write like this. But even though the declaring permitted by a Sage we state that a vow that was partially permitted, all of it was permitted, but the absolution of the husband and the father is not like this.

קיים לתאנים כולו קיים כו׳ וטעמא, דכתיב (שם) אישה יקימנו, יקים ממנו, כשקיים מקצתו קיים כולו. אבל יפירנו, דליכא למדרש הכי, אינו מופר עד שיפר כולו. ואלו דברי יחיד ואינה הלכה, אלא הלכה כחכמים שאומרים מקיש הקמה להפרה, מה הפרה מה שהיפר היפר ומה שלא היפר לא היפר, דהא ליכא למדרש מיפירנו הפרה במקצת, אף הקמה מה שקיים קיים ומה שלא קיים לא קיים, דמיקימנו נמי לא דרשינן הקמה במקצת, אלא אורחיה דקרא למכתב הכי. ואף על גב דבהתרת חכם אמרינן נדר שהותר מקצתו הותר כולו, בהפרת הבעל והאב אינו כן:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Nedarim Perek 11 Mishnah 7

נדרים פרק י"א משנה ז׳

7
If a man’s wife or daughter took a vow and he failed to nullify the vow on the day he heard it, but afterward he said: I know that there are vows, but I don’t know that there are those who can nullify them, i.e., he was unaware of the possibility of nullifying vows, he can nullify the vow of his wife or his daughter on the day he learned that he can nullify vows. If, however, he said: I know there are those who can nullify vows, but I refrained from nullifying the vow that I heard because I do not know that this is considered a vow, Rabbi Meir says he cannot nullify the vow at this point, but the Rabbis say that even in this case he can nullify the vow on the day that he learned of his mistake.
יוֹדֵעַ אֲנִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ נְדָרִים, אֲבָל אֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁיֵּשׁ מְפֵרִין, יָפֵר. יוֹדֵעַ אֲנִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ מְפֵרִין אֲבָל אֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁזֶּה נֶדֶר, רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, לֹא יָפֵר, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, יָפֵר:
ז׳

איני יודע שיש מפירין – that I have permission to absolve [a vow].

יפר – on the day that it becomes known to him that he has permission to absolve [vows], it is upo him like (Numbers 30:13): “the day that he finds out.”

אינו יודע שזה נדר – and it requires absolution.

רבי מאיר אומר לא יפר for since he knows that he has in his hand [the ability] to absolve, even though he doesn’t know that it is a vow, nevertheless, he should have absolved/nullified [the vow]. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.

איני יודע שיש מפירין. שיש לי רשות להפר:

יפר. ביום שנודע לו שיש לו רשות להפר, שהוא עליו כיום שמעו:

איני יודע שזה נדר. וצריך הפרה:

רבי מאיר אומר לא יפר. דכיון שיודע שיש בידו להפר אף על פי שלא ידע שהוא נדר מכל מקום היה לו להפר. ואין הלכה כרבי מאיר:

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