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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Sotah 4:1 - 4:2

The Mishnah Yomi for Friday, May 17, 2024 is Sotah 4:1 - 4:2

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Sotah Perek 4 Mishnah 1

סוטה פרק ד׳ משנה א׳

1
With regard to a betrothed woman who secluded herself with another man after being warned by her betrothed, and a widow waiting for her brother-in-law [yavam] to perform levirate marriage who secluded herself with another man after being warned by her yavam, they neither drink the bitter water nor collect payment of their marriage contracts. The reason they are not entitled to payment of their marriage contracts is that the betrothed woman became forbidden to her betrothed or the widow became forbidden to her yavam due to her own actions of entering into seclusion with the paramour. And the fact that they do not drink the bitter water is as it is stated: “This is the law of jealousy, when a wife, while under her husband, goes astray, and is defiled” (Numbers 5:29). The verse excludes a betrothed woman and a widow awaiting her yavam; since they are not yet married, neither is considered as “under her husband.” The mishna delineates cases where the woman’s marriage was prohibited in the first place: With regard to a widow who was married to a High Priest, or a divorcée or ḥalutza who was married to a common priest, or a mamzeret or Gibeonite woman who was married to a Jew of unflawed lineage, or a Jewish woman of unflawed lineage who was married to a mamzer or a Gibeonite, all of these women neither drink the bitter water nor collect payment of their marriage contracts, as the sota ritual applies only to permitted marriages.
אֲרוּסָה וְשׁוֹמֶרֶת יָבָם, לֹא שׁוֹתוֹת וְלֹא נוֹטְלוֹת כְּתֻבָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר ה), אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׂטֶה אִשָּׁה תַּחַת אִישָׁהּ, פְּרָט לַאֲרוּסָה וְשׁוֹמֶרֶת יָבָם. אַלְמָנָה לְכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, גְּרוּשָׁה וַחֲלוּצָה לְכֹהֵן הֶדְיוֹט, מַמְזֶרֶת וּנְתִינָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, וּבַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַמְזֵר וּלְנָתִין, לֹא שׁוֹתוֹת וְלֹא נוֹטְלוֹת כְּתֻבָּה:
א׳

ארוסה ושומרת יבם – a betrothed woman whose betrothed is jealous of her and the childless brother’s widow awaiting levirate marriage whose levir is jealous of her.

ולא נוטלות כתובה – for she caused to make herself prohibited upon him for she had retired under suspicious circumstances after a warning given to the suspected wife–manifestation of jealousy that from this manifestation of jealousy and the prohibition, one does not do less, as it is written (Numbers 5:12): “Speak to the Israelite people, etc.” which includes the betrothed woman and the childless brother’s widow awaiting levirate marriage.

תחת אישה – The verse states that she sits underneath him.

נתינה – from the Gibeonites and they are prohibited from entering the congregation [of the Lord].

לא שותות – this portion was not stated other than when it was appropriate to fulfill it, as it is written (Numbers 5:12): “if any man’s wife has gone astray.” The Biblical verse speaks of what is appropriate to marriage, except for a widow [married] with a High Priest [or a divorcee or a woman released from a levirate marriage by Halitzah with a regular Kohen,] etc.

ולא נוטלות כתובה – even though the rest of the widows with a Kohen Gadol–High Priest collect their Ketubot, as we state in [Tractate] Ketubot [100b and Tractate Yevamot 84a]. This woman does not have her Ketubah because her retiring under suspicious circumstances caused this to her.

ארוסה ושומרת יבם. ארוסה שקנא לה ארוס ושומרת יבם שקנא לה יבם:

לא שותות. דמעטינהו קרא:

ולא נוטלות כתובה. שהיא גרמה לאסור עצמה עליו, שנסתרה אחר קינוי, דמקינוי ואיסור לא אמעיט, דכתיב (במדבר ה) דבר אל בני ישראל כו׳, לרבות ארוסה ושומרת יבם לקינוי:

תחת אישה. ביושבת תחתיו הכתוב מדבר:

נתינה. מן הגבעונים. ואסורים לבא בקהל:

לא שותות. דלא נאמרה פרשה אלא בראויה לקיימה, דכתיב (שם) כי תשטה אשתו, בראויה לאישות הכתוב מדבר, פרט לאלמנה לכהן גדול וכו׳:

ולא נוטלות כתובה. ואע״ג דשאר אלמנות לכהן גדול גובות כתובתן כדאמרינן בכתובות [ק: וכן ביבמות פד.] זו אין לה כתובה, שסתירתה גרמה לה:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Sotah Perek 4 Mishnah 2

סוטה פרק ד׳ משנה ב׳

2
And the following women neither drink the bitter water nor collect payment of their marriage contracts: A woman who confesses and says: I am defiled, and a woman with regard to whom witnesses came and testified that she is defiled, and a woman who says: I will not drink the bitter water, even if she does not confess her guilt. However, a woman whose husband said: I will not have her drink, and a woman whose husband engaged in sexual intercourse with her on the way to the Temple, collect payment of their marriage contracts even though they do not drink the bitter water, as it is due to the husbands that they do not drink. If the husbands of sota women died before their wives drank the bitter water, Beit Shammai say: They collect payment of their marriage contracts and they do not drink the bitter water. And Beit Hillel say: They either drink the bitter water or they do not collect payment of their marriage contracts.
וְאֵלּוּ לֹא שׁוֹתוֹת וְלֹא נוֹטְלוֹת כְּתֻבָּה. הָאוֹמֶרֶת טְמֵאָה אָנִי, וְשֶׁבָּאוּ לָהּ עֵדִים שֶׁהִיא טְמֵאָה, וְהָאוֹמֶרֶת אֵינִי שׁוֹתָה. אָמַר בַּעְלָהּ אֵינִי מַשְׁקָהּ, וְשֶׁבַּעְלָהּ בָּא עָלֶיהָ בַדֶּרֶךְ, נוֹטֶלֶת כְּתֻבָּתָהּ וְלֹא שׁוֹתָה. מֵתוּ בַעֲלֵיהֶן עַד שֶׁלֹּא שָׁתוּ, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, נוֹטְלוֹת כְּתֻבָּה וְלֹא שׁוֹתוֹת. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, לֹא שׁוֹתוֹת וְלֹא נוֹטְלוֹת כְּתֻבָּה:
ב׳

אמר בעלה איני מקשה ושבעלה בא עליה בדרך – since he causes her that she should not drink [the waters of bitterness], she takes–receives her Ketubah.

מתו בעליהן – all of the women suspected of infidelity who are appropriate to drink, but did not have an opportunity to be caused [by their husbands] to drink [the bitter waters] until they died.

ב"ש אומרים נוטלות כתובה – for a document that is designated for collection is considered as collected.

ולא שותות – as it is written (there – Numbers 5:15): “The man shall bring his wife [to the priest].”

וב"ה אומרים לא שותות ולא נוטלות כתובתן – meaning to say that from out of the fact that they don’t drink [the waters of bitterness] , they don’t take their Ketubot, for the document that is designated for collection is not considered as already collected.

אמר בעלה איני משקה ושבעלה בא עליה בדרך. שהוא גורם לה שלא תשתה, נוטלת כתובתה:

מתו בעליהן. של כל סוטות הראויות לשתות, ולא הספיקו להשקותן עד שמתו:

ב״ש אומרים נוטלות כתובה. דשטר העומד לגבות כגבוי דמי:

ולא שותות. דכתיב (שם) והביא האיש את אשתו:

וב״ה אומרים לא שותות ולא נוטלות כתובתן. כלומר מתוך שלא שותות אין נוטלות כתובתן, דשטר העומד לגבות לאו כגבוי דמי:

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