Mishnah.org Logo

Today's Mishnah Yomi

Gittin 1:1 - 1:2

The Mishnah Yomi for Saturday, June 8, 2024 is Gittin 1:1 - 1:2

＜ Previous DayTodayNext Day ＞

Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Gittin Perek 1 Mishnah 1

גיטין פרק א׳ משנה א׳

1
An agent who brings a bill of divorce [get] from a husband to his wife from a country overseas, i.e., from outside of Eretz Yisrael to Eretz Yisrael, is required to state the following formula when he hands over the bill of divorce: This bill of divorce was written in my presence and it was signed in my presence. Rabban Gamliel says: Even one who brings a bill of divorce from Rekem or from Ḥeger, which are on the periphery of Eretz Yisrael, must make this declaration. Rabbi Eliezer says: Even one who brings a bill of divorce from the village of Ludim to Lod must also make this declaration, despite the fact that these places are only a short distance apart. The reason is that the village of Ludim was not part of the main area settled by Jews in Eretz Yisrael. And the Rabbis say that one is required to say: It was written in my presence and it was signed in my presence, only if he brings a bill of divorce from a country overseas to Eretz Yisrael, and the same applies to one who delivers a bill of divorce from Eretz Yisrael to a country overseas. And likewise an agent who brings a bill of divorce from one region to another region within the overseas countries is also required to say: It was written in my presence and it was signed in my presence. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: This halakha applies not only to an agent who brings a bill of divorce from one country to another, but even to one who takes it from one district [hegmonya] to another district in the same country.
הַמֵּבִיא גֵט מִמְּדִינַת הַיָּם, צָרִיךְ שֶׁיֹּאמַר, בְּפָנַי נִכְתַּב וּבְפָנַי נֶחְתָּם. רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, אַף הַמֵּבִיא מִן הָרֶקֶם וּמִן הַחֶגֶר. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אֲפִלּוּ מִכְּפַר לוּדִים לְלוֹד. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ שֶׁיֹּאמַר בְּפָנַי נִכְתַּב וּבְפָנַי נֶחְתָּם, אֶלָּא הַמֵּבִיא מִמְּדִינַת הַיָּם וְהַמּוֹלִיךְ. וְהַמֵּבִיא מִמְּדִינָה לִמְדִינָה בִמְדִינַת הַיָּם, צָרִיךְ שֶׁיֹּאמַר בְּפָנַי נִכְתַּב וּבְפָנַי נֶחְתָּם. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, אֲפִלּוּ מֵהֶגְמוֹנְיָא לְהֶגְמוֹנְיָא:
א׳

המביא גט ממדינת הים – All [areas] that are outside of the land of Israel are called, “countries aboard.”

צריך לומר בפני נכתב ובפני נחתם – There are those who give the [following] reason, because there aren’t Torah scholars found in countries abroad, and they don’t know that one must write the Jewish bill of divorce for [the express purpose of] the [specific] woman. Therefore, the agent states, “it was written in my presence and it was signed in my presence.” And of itself, we ask him [the agent] if it [the Jewish bill of divorce] was written for her sake [alone], and he answers in the affirmative; [on the other hand,] there are those who say that the reason [that he must say that the Jewish bill of divorce was written in his presence and signed in his presence], because caravans [bearing numbers of people] are not found [traveling] from there to here, for if the husband would coביןme and raise a complaint [contesting the legality of the action] saying: “I did not write it,” witnesses would be found to recognize the signatures of those who witnessed [the writing of the Jewish bill of divorce]. But the Rabbis believed the agent as if he were two [witnesses], and furthermore, the complaint of the husband would have no effect.

בין קדש ובין ברד – (As is written in Genesis 16:14): “[Therefore the well was called Beer-lahai-roi;] it is between Kadesh and Bered.” And the Aramaic (Onkelos) translation of this is: "מן הרקם ומן החגר" .

אפילו מכפר לודים – which is considered outside of the land of Israel.

ללוד – which is near it and it is from the land of Israel.

מהגמוניא להגמוניא – there were in one town two jurisdictions jealous of each other (Gittin 4a).

המביא גט ממדינת הים. כל חוצה לארץ קרי מדינת הים:

צריך לומר בפני נכתב ובפני נחתם. אית דאמרי טעמא, לפי שאין בני מדינת הים בני תורה, ואין יודעין שצריך לכתוב הגט לשם האשה. הלכך אומר השליח בפני נכתב ובפני נחתם, וממילא שיילינן ליה אם נכתב לשמה, והוא אומר אין. ואית דאמרי טעמא, לפי שאין שיירות מצויות משם לכאן, שאם יבא הבעל ויערער לומר לא כתבתיו שיהיו עדים מצויין להכיר חתימת העדים. והאמינוהו רבנן לשליח כבתרי, ושוב לא יועיל ערעור הבעל:

מן הרקם ומן החגר. בין קדש ובין ברד, מתרגמינן בין רקם ובין חגרא:

אפילו מכפר לודים. שהיא מחוצה לארץ:

ללוד. שהיא סמוכה לה והיא מארץ ישראל:

מהגמוניא להגמוניא. שני הגמונים בעיר אחת ומקפידים זה על זה:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Gittin Perek 1 Mishnah 2

גיטין פרק א׳ משנה ב׳

2
Rabbi Yehuda says: With regard to the borders of Eretz Yisrael, from Rekem eastward is considered to be part of the overseas country, and Rekem itself is like east of Eretz Yisrael, i.e., it is outside of Eretz Yisrael. From Ashkelon southward is outside of Eretz Yisrael, and Ashkelon itself is like south of Eretz Yisrael. Likewise, from Akko northward is outside of Eretz Yisrael, and Akko itself is like north of Eretz Yisrael. Rabbi Meir says: Akko is like Eretz Yisrael with regard to the halakhot of bills of divorce.
רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, מֵרֶקֶם לַמִּזְרָח, וְרֶקֶם כַּמִּזְרָח. מֵאַשְׁקְלוֹן לַדָּרוֹם, וְאַשְׁקְלוֹן כַּדָּרוֹם. מֵעַכּוֹ לַצָּפוֹן, וְעַכּוֹ כַּצָּפוֹן. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, עַכּוֹ כְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל לַגִּטִּין:
ב׳

מרקם למזרח – from Rekem until the end of the world to its east is called outside the land of Israel. But Rekem itself is judged as being in the eastern part of the world and not in the land of Israel.

מרקם למזרח. מרקם עד סוף העולם למזרחו קרוי חו״ל, ורקם עצמה נדונה כמזרח העולם ולא כארץ ישראל:

Mishnah Yomi FAQ

Still have a question? Contact Us