Today's Mishnah Yomi
Gittin 4:4 - 4:5
The Mishnah Yomi for Thursday, June 20, 2024 is Gittin 4:4 - 4:5
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Gittin Perek 4 Mishnah 4
גיטין פרק ד׳ משנה ד׳
Bartenura
עבד שנשבה ופדאוהו. ישראלים אחרים לאחר שנתיאש רבו ממנו:
אם לשום עבד ישתעבד. לרבו שני:
לשום בן חורין לא ישתעבד. לא לרבו ראשון, ולא לרבו שני. לרבו שני לא, דהא לשום בן חורין פרקיה. לרבו ראשון לא, דלמא ממנעי ולא פרקי:
רבן שמעון בן גמליאל אומר בין כך ובין כך ישתעבד. לרבו ראשון. שלא יהא כל אחד ואחד הולך ומפיל עצמו לגייסות ומפקיע עצמו מיד רבו:
אפותיקי. פה תהא קאי. מזה תגבה חובך ולא ממקום אחר:
ושחררו. רבו ראשון:
שורת הדין אין העבד חייב כלום. לרבו שני. שהשחרור ששחררו רבו ראשון מפקיעו מידי שעבוד:
אלא מפני תקון העולם. שמא ימצאנו רבו שני בשוק ויאמר לו עבדי אתה ויוציא לעז על בניו:
כופין את רבו. שני, ועושהו בן חורין. וכותב לו העבד שט״ח על דמיו, כלומר כפי מה שהוא שוה לימכר בשוק, לא כפי החוב אם היה החוב יתר על דמיו:
רשב״ג אמר אין העבד כותב. שטר חוב, שהוא אינו חייב כלום. אלא רבו ראשון שהזיק שעבודו של זה, הוא שצריך לשלם לו דמיו, שהמזיק שעבודו של חברו חייב. והלכה כרשב״ג:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Gittin Perek 4 Mishnah 5
גיטין פרק ד׳ משנה ה׳
Bartenura
מי שחציו עבד וחציו בן חורין – such as a slave of two partners, who was freed by one of them. Alternatively, his master received from him half of his financial worth, and freed that half on account of those funds.
תקנתם את רבו – who is not lacking for anything
לישא שפחה אינו יכול – because of the side of “freedom” within him.
בת חורין אינו יכול – because of the side of enslavement within him.
כופין את רבו ועושהו בן חורין – And the same law applies if he was the slave of one-hundred partners and one of them freed him; we force all of them to free him.
מי שחציו עבד וחציו בן חורין. כגון עבד של ב׳ שותפים ושחררו אחד מהם. א״נ שקבל רבו ממנו חצי דמיו ושחרר חציו באותם הדמים:
תקנתם את רבו. שאינו חסר כלום:
לישא שפחה אינו יכול. מפני צד חירות שבו:
בת חורין אינו יכול. מפני צד עבדות שבו:
כופין את רבו ועושהו בן חורין. וה״ה אם היה עבד של מאה שותפין ואחד מהם שחררו, שכופין את כלם לשחררו:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
עבד שנשבה ופדאוהו – Other Israelites [redeemed him] after his master had despaired of recovering him [of getting him back from captivity].
אם לשום עבד ישתעבד – to his second master.
לשום בן חורין לא ישתעבד – No to his first master nor to his second master. Not to his second master, that behold for the sake of become a free person, he would be redeemed; not to his first master either so that everyone would subject himself to the army and remove himself from his master.
אפותיקי – Here you would stand. From this, you will collect your lien and not from another place.
ושחררו – his first master
שורת הדין אין העבד חייב כלום – to his second master, for the manumission that the first master freed him removes him from enslavement.
אלא מפני תקון העולם – lest his second master would find him in the market and say to him: “you are my servant and cast aspersion on the purity of his children.
כופין את רבו – The second [master], and make him (i.e., the slave) a free man. And the slave should write a document of liability regarding his worth, that is to say, according to what he would be worth to be sold in the marketplace, not according to the liability if the liability was greater than his monetary worth.
רשב"ג אמר אין העבד כותב – [the slave does not write] a document of liability, for he is not liable for anything., but the first master who damaged his servitude, he is the one who must pay his worth, for the one who damages the servitude of his fellow is liable and the Halakha is according to Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel.