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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Gittin 8:6 - 8:7

The Mishnah Yomi for Monday, July 8, 2024 is Gittin 8:6 - 8:7

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Gittin Perek 8 Mishnah 6

גיטין פרק ח׳ משנה ו׳

6
The mishna teaches another halakha associated with the previous halakhot: With regard to all of those cases in which they said that a man who died without children and left behind a widow who is, to the man’s brother, one of those with whom relations are forbidden, e.g., she is his wife’s sister, not only is there no levirate bond for her, but the rival wives of the brother who died are also permitted to marry without either levirate marriage or ḥalitza. The mishna discusses another case: These rival wives went and married another man without ḥalitza, and these widows with whom relationships were forbidden were found to be sexually underdeveloped women incapable of bearing children [ailonit]. Therefore, it became clear, retroactively, that the marriage to the dead brother was never valid, and accordingly, the rival wives were never exempt from the obligation of levirate marriage due to their being the rival wives of a forbidden relationship. Consequently, the rival wives were forbidden to marry anyone else without ḥalitza, and the rival wives must leave both this man whom they remarried, and that yavam, i.e., they cannot enter into levirate marriage with him. And all of those above-mentioned ways of penalizing a woman who remarried based on the bills of divorce detailed in the earlier clause of the mishna apply to her in this case as well.
כָּל הָעֲרָיוֹת שֶׁאָמְרוּ צָרוֹתֵיהֶן מֻתָּרוֹת, הָלְכוּ הַצָּרוֹת הָאֵלּוּ וְנִשְּׂאוּ וְנִמְצְאוּ אֵלּוּ אַיְלוֹנִיּוֹת, תֵּצֵא מִזֶּה וּמִזֶּה, וְכָל הַדְּרָכִים הָאֵלּוּ בָהּ:
ו׳

כל העריות שאמרו צרותיהן מותרות – fifteen rival wives (see Tractate Yevamot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 1) that the Sages say that [married severally to the brother of a man with whom marriage is forbidden] cause the exemption from levirate marriage [and from the removal of the shoe] (of their associates and eventually the associates of their associates] to marry in the market place without the removal of the shoe.

הלכו הצרות – of women forbidden to a man on account of consanguinity

ונשאו – in the marketplace

ונמצאו – these women forbidden to a man on account of consanguinity אילוניות – And the matter was discovered that they were betrothed in error to the dead man, and it was found that these were not their associates and that these women forbidden to a man on account of consanguinity were not exempted from the ceremony of her removing the shoe of her dead-husband’s brother who refused to marry her.

תצא מזה – from the husband that she had been married to and from the Yabam (the brother of the dead-husband, since she had had no issue from her husband). -

וכל הדברים האלו בה – And in [Tractate] Yevamot, we establish it according to Rabbi Akiba who said that there is are illegitimate children from the violation of negative commandments, but it is not the Halakha.

כל העריות שאמרו צרותיהן מותרות. חמש עשרה עריות שאמרו חכמים שצרותיהן מותרות לינשא לשוק בלא חליצה:

הלכו הצרות. של עריות:

ונשאו. לשוק:

ונמצאו. העריות אילונית, ואיגלאי מלתא שהיו קדושי המת בטעות, ונמצא שלא היו אלו צרותיהן ולא פטרום העריות האלו מן החליצה:

תצא מזה. מבעל שנישאת לו. ומן היבם:

וכל הדרכים האלו בה. וביבמות מוקמינן לה כר׳ עקיבא דאמר יש ממזר מחייבי לאוין, ואינה הלכה:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Gittin Perek 8 Mishnah 7

גיטין פרק ח׳ משנה ז׳

7
Similarly, with regard to one who marries his yevama, and her rival wife went and got married to another man, and it was found that this yevama was a sexually underdeveloped woman, the rival wife must leave this man whom she remarried and that yavam, i.e., she cannot enter into levirate marriage with him. Because the yevama was a sexually underdeveloped woman, the obligation of levirate marriage never applied to her, and her levirate marriage did not exempt her rival wife. And all of those aforementioned ways of penalizing a woman who remarried based on the bills of divorce detailed in the earlier clause of the mishna apply to her in this case as well.
הַכּוֹנֵס אֶת יְבִמְתּוֹ וְהָלְכָה צָרָתָהּ וְנִשֵּׂאת לְאַחֵר וְנִמְצְאָה זֹאת שֶׁהִיא אַיְלוֹנִית, תֵּצֵא מִזֶּה וּמִזֶּה וְכָל הַדְּרָכִים הָאֵלּוּ בָהּ:
ז׳

ונשאת לאחר – since we establish for us that the sexual act of the one exempts her associate co-wife.

ונמצאת זו – who had been married by the dead-husband’s brother was found to be incapable of bearing children, her act of marrying her dead-husband’s brother is not effective, and she did not exempt her associate wives and went to the marketplace to get married without the ceremony of the removal of the shoe of her dead-husband’s brother [who refused to marry her].

תצא מזה ומזה – [she should leave] this husband and from her first brother-in-law.

ונשאת לאחר. דקיי״ל ביאת האחת פוטרת צרתה:

ונמצאת זו. שנתיבמה אילונית, ואין יבומיה יבומין. ונמצא שלא נפטרה צרתה ונשאת לשוק בלא חליצה:

תצא מזה ומזה. מבעל זה ומיבמה הראשון:

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