Today's Mishnah Yomi
Kiddushin 2:6 - 2:7
The Mishnah Yomi for Tuesday, July 23, 2024 is Kiddushin 2:6 - 2:7
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Kiddushin Perek 2 Mishnah 6
קידושין פרק ב׳ משנה ו׳
Bartenura
סבלונות. דורנות שדרך חתן לשלוח לארוסתו:
אינה מקודשת. ולא אמרינן יודע היה שאין קדושיו קדושין וגמר ושלח סבלונות לשם קדושין, אלא אמרינן מחמת קדושין הראשונים שלח:
וכן קטן שקידש. ושלח סבלונות משהגדיל:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Kiddushin Perek 2 Mishnah 7
קידושין פרק ב׳ משנה ז׳
Bartenura
אינן מקודשות – as it says in Scripture (Leviticus 18:18): “Do not marry a woman as a rival to her sister [and uncover her nakedness in the other’s lifetime].” At the time when they became rivals/associate wives to each other you have no legal marriage, even with one of them. And the same law applies to all the cases of consanguinity (i.e., where a man and woman are forbidden to each other) where they have [the punishment of] Divine extirpation, for the betrothal does not take effect.
ושלהן היתה – We understand from our Mishnah that a person who betroths with stolen goods, and even with her stolen goods is not betrothed. And we do not say that when he received it, it took effect, for since it is taught that “it was theirs and it was Seventh-year produce,” that because it was of the Seventh year and the produce was ownerless, because of that, the women are betrothed, but sisters cannot be betrothed [to one man], but if it (i.e., the produce) was not of the Seventh-year, for it was [in reality] theirs (i.e., belonging to the sisters), betrothal does not take effect with any one of them. But especially when one betroths with stolen [produce] prior to despair [of the original owner of getting it back], we say that it is not a betrothal, but when one betroths with stolen [produce] after [the original owner] despairs [of getting it back], his betrothal is a betrothal. And we understand also that one who betroths with Seventh-year produce is betrothed. And we don’t say that they are not his monies to take possession of them, but rather, since he took possession of them, it is his money for all matters. And we also understand that a woman can become an agent for her fellow [female], and even in a case where she becomes her rival. And even though that in all testimony where a woman is fit to, the rival is not fit for it. But her agency, however, since it was done, it was done. For here in these betrothals, they are made rivals one to the other when she accepts it, for it is taught that sisters cannot become betrothed [to the same man], but women who are strangers (i.e., not related) may be betrothed [together]. And our Mishnah is reconciled in the Gemara (Kiddushin 52a) according to this Halakha, that a person who betroths a woman and her daughter or [betroths] a woman and her sister, both (i.e., woman and daughter AND woman and her sister) are viewed as one, and they are not betrothed. For one was [regarding] a woman and her daughter and one was [regarding] a woman and her sister, such as the case where he said to both of them: “One of you is betrothed to me,” but he did not explicate to which of them he is betrothing, and one of them accepted the betrothal/Kiddushin on behalf of her [female] partner (i.e., either her sister or her daughter), or both of them accepted the Kiddushin/betrothal as one, betrothed, but both of them require a Jewish bill of divorce. And if he said: “[to the one] who is appropriate for me for engage in sexual relations is betrothed to me,” they are not betrothed, for each one of them (i.e., these pairs of women – woman and sister; woman and daughter) there is [the question] of doubting her [on account of] the sister and of his wife, and none of them are appropriate for sexual relations. And there is also the story (spelled out in our Mishnah) and among them, two are sisters and one [man] collected a basked containing chosen fruits and said to the one appropriate for sexual relations, “become betrothed to me.” But the Sages said, that sisters may not become betrothed [to one man], but strangers who were worthy for sexual relationships can be betrothed. But if one [man] said: “All of you are betrothed to me,” not a single one of them are betrothed to him, for just as sisters cannot become betrothed [together to the same man], so all the others cannot betrothed to him, since he said, “all of you.”
אינן מקודשות. דאמר קרא (ויקרא י״ח:י״ח) ואשה אל אחותה לא תקח לצרור, בשעה שנעשו צרות זו לזו אין לך לקוחין אפילו באחת מהן. והוא הדין לכל שאר עריות שיש בהן כרת, שאין קדושין תופסין בהם.
ושלהן היתה. שמעינן מהא מתניתין דהמקדש בגזל ואפילו בגזל דידה אינה מקודשת, ולא אמרינן מדקבילתיה אחילתיה. מדקתני ושלהן היתה ושל שביעית היתה, משום דשל שביעית היתה שהפירות הפקר מש״ה הנשים מקודשות, אלא שאין אחיות מקודשות, אבל אם לא היתה שביעית הואיל ושלהן היתה לא היו קדושין תופסים באחת מהן. ודוקא בגזל שלפני יאוש בעלים אמרינן דלא הוה קדושין, אבל המקדש בגזל שלאחר יאוש קדושיו קדושין. ושמעינן נמי שהמקדש בפירות שביעית מקודשת, ולא אמרינן אינן ממונו לזכות בהן, אלא כיון שזכה בהן ממונו דם לכל דבר. ושמעינן נמי שאשה נעשית שליח לחברתה, ואפילו במקום שנעשית לה צרה. ואע״ג דבכל עדות שהאשה כשרה לה אין הצרה כשרה לה, שליחותה מיהא כיון דעבדא עבדא. דהא הכא בקדושין דללו הן נעשות צרות ע״י זו שקבלתה, וקתני אין האחיות מקודשות, הא נכריות מקודשות. ומתניתין מתרצה בגמרא אליבא דהלכתא הכי, המקדש אשה ובתה או אשה ואחותה, שתיהן כאחת אינן מקודשות. הא אחת מאשה ובתה, אחת מאשה ואחותה, כגון שאמר לשתיהן אחת מכם מקודשת לי ולא פירש לאיזו מהן מקדש, וקבלה אחת מהן הקדושין על ידי חברתה, או שתיהן קבלו קדושין כאחת, מקודשות, ושתיהן צריכות גט. ואם אמר הראויה מכם לביאה מקודשת לי, אינן מקודשות, דכל אחת מהן איכא לספוקה באחות אשתו ואין שום אחת מהן ראויה לביאה. ומעשה נמי בחמש נשים ובהן שתי אחיות ולקט אחד כלכלה של תאנים ואמר הראויה מכם לביאה תתקדש לי, ואמרו חכמים אין אחיות מתקדשות. הא נכריות שהיו ראויות לביאה, מתקדשות. אבל אם אמר כולכם מתקדשות לי, לא היתה שום אחת מהן מקודשת, דכי היכי דאין אחיות מקודשות כך אין האחרות מקודשות, דיכי דאמר כולכם:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
סבלונות – presents that the groom generally sends to his betrothed.
אינה מקודשת – and we don’t say that he knew that his [act of] betrothal was not a betrothal and that he determined to send her presents of betrothal for the purpose of betrothal, but we say that because of the first betrothal, he sent [them].
וכן קטן שקידש – and he sent presents of betrothal when he became an adult