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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Kiddushin 3:6 - 3:7

The Mishnah Yomi for Sunday, July 28, 2024 is Kiddushin 3:6 - 3:7

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Kiddushin Perek 3 Mishnah 6

קידושין פרק ג׳ משנה ו׳

6
With regard to one who says to a woman: You are hereby betrothed to me on the condition that I will speak in your favor to the authorities, e.g., to help her address some legal matter, or: On the condition that I will act for you as a laborer, if he spoke in her favor to the authorities or acted for her as a laborer, she is betrothed. But if not, she is not betrothed. With regard to one who betroths a woman and says to her that the betrothal is: On the condition that my father will want this betrothal, if his father wants it, she is betrothed; but if not, she is not betrothed. If the father dies, she is betrothed, despite the fact that he did not reveal his wishes. If the son dies, one instructs the father to say that he does not want the betrothal, so that the betrothal will never have taken effect, thereby enabling her to avoid the requirement of levirate marriage.
הָאוֹמֵר לְאִשָּׁה הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי עַל מְנָת שֶׁאֲדַבֵּר עָלַיִךְ לַשִּׁלְטוֹן וְאֶעֱשֶׂה עִמָּךְ כְּפוֹעֵל, דִּבֶּר עָלֶיהָ לַשִּׁלְטוֹן וְעָשָׂה עִמָּהּ כְּפוֹעֵל, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לָאו, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. עַל מְנָת שֶׁיִּרְצֶה אַבָּא, רָצָה הָאָב, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לָאו אֵינָה מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. מֵת הָאָב, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. מֵת הַבֵּן, מְלַמְּדִין הָאָב לוֹמַר שֶׁאֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה:
ו׳

ואעשה עמך כפועל – with the labor of one day [as the betrothal monies], and not that he is betrothing her with the salary of the work for since we hold that there regarding hiring there is from the beginning to the end, hence it is found that when he completes his work, his hire is like a loan to her, and one who betroths with a loan is not betrothed, but he betroths her now with a Perutah/penny , on the condition that afterward, he will act with her like a [day] laborer.

ע"מ שירצה אבא – In the Gemara (Kiddushin 63b), it explains that the father will not protest, and when they established the time for his protest, such as if he (i.e. the potential husband) said if the father will not protest all thirty days. Therefore, the father desired it, if the thirty days passed and he did not protest, then she is betrothed. If he didn’t want it (i.e., the betrothal to take place), that he protested within the thirty day [period], she is not betrothed.

מת האב – within the thirty day [period], she is betrothed, for as we said, who is protesting?

מת הבן – within the thirty day [period], we teach the father that he should protest so that she would not be in need of her brother-in-law (i.e., the husband’s brother – in the case of his dying without issue, enters his estate and marries his wife).

ואעשה עמך כפועל. בפעולת יום אחד. ולאו דמקדש לה בשכר פעולה, דכיון דקי״ל ישנה לשכירות מתחילה ועד סוף, נמצא כשגמר פעולתו הוי שכירותו מלוה אצלה, והמקדש במלוה אינה מקודשת. אלא דמקדש לה השתא בפרוטה ע״מ שיעשה אח״כ עמה כפועל:

ע״מ שירצה אבא. בגמרא מפרש שלא ימחה אבא. וכשקבע זמן למחאתו, כגון שאמר שלא ימחה אבא כל שלשים יום. הלכך רצה האב, שעברו שלשים יום ולא מיחה, הרי זו מקודשת. לא רצה, שמיחה בתוך שלשים, אינה מקודשת:

מת האב. תוך שלשים, הרי זו מקודשת, דאמרינן מאן מחי:

מת הבן. בתוך ל׳, מלמדים את האב שימחה, כדי שלא תהא זקוקה ליבם:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Kiddushin Perek 3 Mishnah 7

קידושין פרק ג׳ משנה ז׳

7
With regard to a man who said: I betrothed my minor daughter to someone but I do not know to whom I betrothed her, and one man came forward and said: I betrothed her, his claim is deemed credible. If two men stepped forward and this one said: I betrothed her, and that one said: I betrothed her, they must both give her a bill of divorce to render it permitted for her to marry anyone else. And if they so desire, one of them gives her a bill of divorce and the other one may marry her.
קִדַּשְׁתִּי אֶת בִּתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ לְמִי קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ, וּבָא אֶחָד וְאָמַר אֲנִי קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ, נֶאֱמָן. זֶה אָמַר אֲנִי קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ וְזֶה אָמַר אֲנִי קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ, שְׁנֵיהֶם נוֹתְנִים גֵּט. וְאִם רָצוּ, אֶחָד נוֹתֵן גֵּט וְאֶחָד כּוֹנֵס:
ז׳

אני קדשתיה נאמן – to wed her, that he would not be arrogant before the father that who received the betrothal [monies] to say, “I am he,” for if it was not the truth, he would be afraid, as perhaps he would contradict him.

אני קדשתיה נאמן. לכנסה. דלא חציף למימר קמיה דאב שקבל הקדושין, אני הוא, אם לא היה אמת, דמרתת דלמא מכחיש ליה:

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