Today's Mishnah Yomi
Bava Metzia 4:3 - 4:4
The Mishnah Yomi for Thursday, October 3, 2024 is Bava Metzia 4:3 - 4:4
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Bava Metzia Perek 4 Mishnah 3
בבא מציעא פרק ד׳ משנה ג׳
Bartenura
האונאה ארבעה כסף. ארבעה מעות כסף שהם שש מעות בדינר, והסלע ארבע דינרין:
מעשרים וארבע כסף לסלע. אם היה המקח בדמי הסלע שהוא עשרים וארבע מעות דהשתא הויא אונאה שתות למקח, חייב להשיב לו כל אונאתו ארבעה כסף:
עד מתי מותר להחזיר. מי שנתאנה. והא דנקט לשון מותר, לאשמועינן דליכא אפילו מי שפרע להחזיר המקח או שיתן לו אונאתו:
עד כדי שיראה. המקח לתגר או לאחד מקרוביו. ואם שהה יותר, מחל על אונאתו. והמוכר לעולם חוזר, שהרי אין המקח בידו שיוכל להראות לתגר או לקרובו אם נתאנה. ואם נודע שבא לידו דבר כיוצא בממכרו וידע שטעה ושתק ולא תבע, אינו יכול לחזור ולתבוע, שהרי מחל:
ושמחו תגרי לוד. שהיו בקיאין בסחורה ומוכרין ביוקר. ואין הלכה כר׳ טרפון:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Bava Metzia Perek 4 Mishnah 4
בבא מציעא פרק ד׳ משנה ד׳
Bartenura
אין אונאה לתגר – because is an expert and without further qualification pardons him, and this that he sold, because it happened by chance another sale. And now, it had been established to retract. Bu the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
מי שהוטל עליו ידו על העליונה – he who was defrauded.
תן לי מעותי – if the purchaser had been defrauded. And our Mishnah is according to Rabbi Yehuda the Prince. But the Halakha is not according to him, but rather if overcharging is one-sixth, he purchased and returns the overcharged [amount]. If it is greater than one-sixth, the purchase is nullified.
אין אונאה לתגר. מפני שהוא בקי ומסתמא אחולי אחיל גביה, והאי דזבנא הכי, משום דאתרמי ליה זבינא אחריתי. והשתא הוא דקבעי למיהדר ביה ואין הלכה כר׳ יהודה:
מי שהוטל עליו ידו על העליונה. מי שנתאנה:
תן לי מעותי. אם נתאנה לוקח. ומתניתין רבי יהודה הנשיא היא. ולית הלכתא כוותיה, אלא אם האונאה שתות, קנה ומחזיר אונאה. יותר משתות, בטל מקח:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
האונאה ארבעה כסף – four silver MAOT in which there are six MAOT in a denar, and the SELAH is four denarim.
מעשרים וארבעה כסף לסלע – if the purchase was in SELAH monies which is twenty-four MAOT, for now it would be that overcharging is one-sixth to the purchase, he would be liable to restore to him all of his overcharging [which is] four silver [coins].
עד מתי מותר להחזיר – he who was defrauded, and that the Mishnah used the language of מותר/”permitted” to teach us that it is not possible, for even he who is punished to return the purchase or that he should give him [back] his overcharge.
עד כדי שיראה – the purchase to the traveling merchant or to his relatives. And if he delayed further, he renounced on his overcharging and the seller will always retract, for the purchase is not in his hands that he is would be able to show it to the traveling merchant or to his relatives if he had been overcharged. And if it becomes known that a thing came into his hands like that which is similar to his sale and he knows that he erred and was silent and did not make a claim, he cannot retract and make a claim for he has renounced it.
ושמחו תגרי לוד – who were experts in business and sell at a high price. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Tarfon.