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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Bava Basra 1:3 - 1:4

The Mishnah Yomi for Thursday, November 7, 2024 is Bava Basra 1:3 - 1:4

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Bava Basra Perek 1 Mishnah 3

בבא בתרא פרק א׳ משנה ג׳

3
With regard to one who surrounds another on three sides, that is, he owns parcels of land on three sides of the other person’s field, and he built a partition on the first, the second, and the third sides, the court does not obligate the neighbor who owns the inner field to contribute to the construction of the partition if he does not wish to do so. Rabbi Yosei says: If he arose and built a partition on the fourth side of the field, the court imposes upon the owner of the inner field the responsibility to pay his share for all of the partitions.
הַמַּקִּיף אֶת חֲבֵרוֹ מִשְּׁלשׁ רוּחוֹתָיו, וְגָדַר אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנָה וְאֶת הַשְּׁנִיָּה וְאֶת הַשְּׁלִישִׁית, אֵין מְחַיְּבִין אוֹתוֹ. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אִם עָמַד וְגָדַר אֶת הָרְבִיעִית, מְגַלְגְּלִין עָלָיו אֶת הַכֹּל:
ג׳

אין מחייבין אותו – for it doesn’t benefit him at all, for his land is still open. But, if he (i.e., the other partner) fenced in the fourth side, for now, it absolutely benefits him, we require him to pay one-half the cost of the purchase at the cheapest rate. But not half of his outlay, for he says to him: For me it is enough for me with a partition of reeds, and I don’t need an outlay of a stone fence.”

מגלגלין עליו את הכל – one-half of his outlay according to what he fenced in. And there is the difference between the first Tanna/teacher and Rabbi Yosi. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yosi. And we don’t have to say if he himself is the one who fenced in the fourth side, for he revealed his intention that he is pleased with what his fellow fenced in that we make him bear the expenses for the fencing in of everything, and he pays his fellow half of his outlays.

אין מחייבין אותו. דהא לא אהני ליה מידי, שעדיין קרקע שלו פתוחה. אבל אם גדר את הרביעית, דהשתא ודאי אהני ליה, מחייבין אותו לשלם מחצה דמי קנים בזול. אבל לא חצי יציאותיו, דאמר ליה לדידי סגי לי במחיצה של קנים ואי אפשי ביציאה של גדר אבנים:

מגלגלין עליו את הכל. מחצית יציאותיו כפי מה שגדר. והיינו דאיכא בין תנא קמא לרבי יוסי. והלכה כר״י. ואין צריך לומר אם הניקף הוא שגדר רוח רביעית, דגלי דעתיה דניחא ליה במה שגדר חבירו, שמגלגלין עליו את הכל ומשלם לחבירו חצי יציאותיו:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Bava Basra Perek 1 Mishnah 4

בבא בתרא פרק א׳ משנה ד׳

4
In the case of a dividing wall in a jointly owned courtyard that fell, if one of the owners wishes to rebuild the wall, the court obligates the other owner to build the wall with him up to a height of four cubits. If after the wall was built one of the neighbors claims he alone constructed it and the other did not participate in its building, the latter is nevertheless presumed to have given his share of the money, unless the claimant brings proof that the other did not give his part. The court does not obligate the reluctant neighbor to contribute to the building of the wall higher than four cubits. But if the reluctant neighbor built another wall close to the wall that had been built higher than four cubits, in order to set a roof over the room that was thereby created, the court imposes upon him the responsibility to pay his share for all of the rebuilt wall, even though he has not yet set a roof over it. Since he has demonstrated his desire to make use of what his neighbor built, he must participate in the cost of its construction. If the builder of the first wall later claims that he did not receive payment from his neighbor, the neighbor is presumed not to have given his share of the money, unless he brings proof that he did in fact give money for the building of the wall.
כֹּתֶל חָצֵר שֶׁנָּפַל, מְחַיְּבִין אוֹתוֹ לִבְנוֹתוֹ עַד אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת, בְּחֶזְקַת שֶׁנָּתַן, עַד שֶׁיָּבִיא רְאָיָה שֶׁלֹּא נָתָן. מֵאַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת וּלְמַעְלָה, אֵין מְחַיְּבִין אוֹתוֹ. סָמַךְ לוֹ כֹתֶל אַחֵר, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא נָתַן עָלָיו אֶת הַתִּקְרָה, מְגַלְגְּלִין עָלָיו אֶת הַכֹּל, בְּחֶזְקַת שֶׁלֹּא נָתַן, עַד שֶׁיָּבִיא רְאָיָה שֶׁנָּתָן:
ד׳

כותל חצר – of partners.

עד ארבע אמות – for with this, it is sufficient for him for proof of damages.

בחזקת שנתן – when this one claims half the outlay, and the other one says, I have already given my portion, he is believed, until the claimant brings witnesses who claimed that he had not given. For this judgment is revealed to all that the obligation is upon him to assist him for he would not have built it on his own but rather, he would bring him to the Jewish court.

סמך לו כותל אחר – after he built the first [wall] a great deal higher than four cubits (i.e. a cubit = 22.08 inches or 56.1 cm.), and he did not want to assist him in raising it higher, he built another wall opposite this wall in order to put cover it with boughs and to place a roof from wall to wall, even though he did not as yet place upon it a roof, we make him bear the expenses for everything, for he has revealed his intention that it is pleasing to him for the raising of this one.

בחזקת שלא נתן – if the first person came and made a claim against him to judgment after he built his other wall placing it near the first wall. And he said to him (i.e., his partner): “Give your part for what I raised it.” But the other responded: “I gave my part.” But he is not believed other than with witnesses, for this judgment was not visible to all, and until the Jewish court made him liable, he would not have given.

כותל חצר. של שותפין:

עד ארבע אמות. דבהכי סגי ליה להיזק ראיה:

בחזקת שנתן. כשזה תובעו חצי היציאה וזה אומר כבר נתתי חלקי, נאמן, עד שיביא התובע עדים שתבעו ולא נתן. דמשפט זה גלוי לכל שחובה עליו לסייעו ולא היה זה בונהו משלו אלא היה מביאו לבית דין:

סמך לו כותל אחר. לאחר שבנה האחד למעלה מארבע אמות הרבה ולא רצה לסייעו בהגבהתו, סמך השני כותל אחר כנגד כותל זה כדי לסכך ולתת תקרה מכותל לכותל, אע״פ שלא נתן עליו עדיין התקרה, מגלגלין עליו את הכל. דגלי דעתיה דניחא ליה בהגבהה דהאיך:

בחזקת שלא נתן. אם בא הראשון ותבעו לדין לאחר שסמך את כתלו לכותל ראשון, ואומר לו תן חלקך במה שהגבהתי אותו, וזה אומר נתתי חלקי, אינו נאמן אלא בעדים. שאין משפט זה גלוי, ועד שחייבוהו ב״ד אינו עשוי ליתן:

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