Today's Mishnah Yomi
Makkos 1:2 - 1:3
The Mishnah Yomi for Friday, January 24, 2025 is Makkos 1:2 - 1:3
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Makkos Perek 1 Mishnah 2
מכות פרק א׳ משנה ב׳
Bartenura
שלא השם המחייבו מלקות. לא המקרא המחייבו מלקות מחייבו תשלומין. מלקות, מלא תענה. תשלומין, מועשיתם לו כאשר זמם:
כל המשלם אינו לוקה. דכתיב כדי רשעתו, על רשעה אחת אתה מחייבו ואי אתה מחייבו על שתי רשעיות. ומדקאמרי רבנן משלם ואינו לוקה ולא אמרי לוקה ואינו משלם, שמע מינה דכל היכא דאיכא תרתי מלקות ותשלומין לא אמרינן ילקה ולא ישלם אלא משלם ואינו לוקה. וכן הלכה:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Makkos Perek 1 Mishnah 3
מכות פרק א׳ משנה ג׳
Bartenura
Because you shall not bear false witness. Since behold when it is impossible to [punish] the witnesses with "do to them as they planned", for example [they say] "We testify about a certain person [kohen] that he is the son of a divorced woman, the witnesses are lashed due to "you shall not bear false witness". Here [in this case], where there is warning against "you shall not bear false witness" and also "as they planned", they are lashed 80 [times]. The halacha is not like Rabbi Meir.
They pay with money. The zommemin that are obligated in with [their attempt] to cause payment, pay the money according to the number of the witnesses. If it was three witnesses and they were made zommemin, each one pay a third of the [total] money that they wanted to cause him [the person they are testifying about] to lose.
Lashes are not divided. It's not that each of the witnesses are lashed a portion of the [total number of] lashes, rather each one is lashed 40 [times]. This is because we need "do to them as they planned", and each one sought to have the accused lashed a full amount. [However] money is combined [after being divided], when each of the witnesses gives their portion, behold he [the accused] receives what they sought to make him lose, however lashes are not combined.
משום לא תענה. שהרי כשאי אפשר לקיים בעדים ועשיתם לו כאשר זמם, כגון מעידים אנו באיש פלוני שהוא בן גרושה, לוקים העדים משום לא תענה, הכא דאיכא אזהרת לא תענה ואיכא נמי כאשר זמם, לוקים שמונים. ואין הלכה כר׳ מאיר:
משלשין בממון. עדים זוממין שחייבין בתשלומין משלמין הממון לפי מספר העדים. אם היו שלשה עדים והוזמו, כל אחד משלם שליש הממון שהיו רוצים להפסידו:
ואין משלשין במכות. שאין כל אחד מהעדים לוקה שליש מלקות, אלא כל אחד לוקה ארבעים. דבעינן ועשיתם לו כאשר זמם, וכל אחד מהם מבקש להלקות הנדון מלקות שלם. וממון מצטרף, כשיתן כל אחד מהם שליש הרי קיבל מה שרצו להפסידו בין כולם, אבל מכות לא מצטרפין:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
For the title that brings upon him lashes. The verse that makes one liable for lashes is not the one that makes one liable to pay. Lashes [are learnt] from "Don't bear false witness". Paying [is learnt] from "And do to them as they planned".
All who pay don't get lashed. Since it is written "According to his wickedness", you make him liable [for lashes] because of his one act wickedness, and you don't make him liable for two acts of wickedness. And from the fact that the Rabbis say he [the zommemin] pays and doesn't get lashed and they didn't say he gets lashed and doesn't pay, we learn from this that all instances of liability for both lashes and paying, we don't say he'll get lashed and not pay, rather he pays and doesn't get lashed. This is the halacha.