Today's Mishnah Yomi
Makkos 1:10 - 2:1
The Mishnah Yomi for Tuesday, January 28, 2025 is Makkos 1:10 - 2:1
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Makkos Perek 1 Mishnah 10
מכות פרק א׳ משנה י׳
Bartenura
סנהדרין. הסמוכים בארץ, יש להן רשות לדון דיני קנסות ודיני נפשות, בין בארץ בין בחוצה לארץ, כל זמן שיש ב״ד הגדול בלשכת הגזית. שנאמר (דברים י״ז) לבלתי שמוע אל הכהן או אל השופט, בזמן שיש כהן מקריב על גבי מזבח יש שופט שדן דיני נפשות, בזמן שאין כהן אין שופט:
סנהדרין ההורגת אחת בשבוע. אחת לשבע שנים:
נקראת חובלנית. שצריך שיהיו מתונים בדין, ויחזירו בדיני נפשות לזכות:
לא נהרג אדם מעולם. שיבדקו העדים בדבר שלא ידעו להשיב. אם רוצח הוא, מה ראיתם, טריפה הרג או שלם הרג, ואם תמצא לומר שלם הרג, שמא במקום סייף נקב היה. ואם מגלה עריות הוא, ראיתם כמכחול בשפופרת:
אף הן מרבים שופכי דמים. מתוך כך אין מכלין הרשעים ומרבים לשפוך דם:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Makkos Perek 2 Mishnah 1
מכות פרק ב׳ משנה א׳
Bartenura
אלו הן הגולין. היה מעגל במעגילה – a smooth round stone that we roll on top of the plaster or clay that is at the tope to smooth out the fissures/cracks.
היה משלשל בחבית – from above to below
אבל אם היה מושך במעגילה – from below to above
כל שבדרך ירידתו גולה – As it is written: (Numbers 35:23): “or inadvertently dropped upon him/ויפל עליו [any deadly object of stone, and death resulted – though he was not an enemy of his and did not seek his harm],” until it would be through falling, [and the word] "כל" includes even descending which is for the need of ascending.
נשמט הברזל מקתו – from the sleeve that it is fastened to
רבי אומר: אינו גולה – Rabbi (Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi) holds that if the iron (axe) chipped off the wood – that is, which was to be split (and the chip struck a person dead – see Tosefta Makkot, Chapter 2, Halakha 6), and not the wood handle which it is fastened to. But the Rabbis “from the wood” – from the wood handle to which it is fastened. And the Halakha is according to the Sages, for the wood that was to be split is an indirect action and via an indirect action, one is not exiled.
אלו הן הגולין. היה מעגל במעגילה. אבן חלקה עגולה שמעגלין אותה על גבי הסיד או הטיט שבעלייה להשוות הסדקים:
היה משלשל בחבית. מלמעלה למטה:
אבל אם היה מושך במעגילה. ממטה למעלה:
כל שבדרך ירידתו גולה. דכתיב (במדבר ל״ה) ויפל עליו, עד שיהא דרך נפילה. וכל, לאתויי אפילו ירידה שהיא לצורך עלייה:
נשמט הברזל מקתו. מבית יד שהוא תקוע בו:
רבי אומר אינו גולה. רבי סבר ונשל הברזל מן העץ זה עץ המתבקע, ולא עצו שהוא תקוע בו. ורבנן סברי מן העץ, מעצו שהוא תקוע בו. והלכה כחכמים. דעץ המתבקע כח כחו הוא, וע״י כח כחו אינו גולה:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
Sanhendrin. that have smicha in the land of Israel. They have permission to judge cases of fines and capital cases, whether in the land or outside, as long as the Grand Court is in the Chamber of Hewn Stone. As it is written (Deuteronomy 17:12) "in not listening to the priest...or the judge", as long as there is a priest offering sacrifices on the altar, there is a judge that rules capital cases. When there is no priest, there is no judge.
The Sanhedrin that kills once in seven. Once in seven years.
is called destructive. They need to be deliberate in judgment, and judge capital cases to vindication.
No one would ever be killed. They would interrogate the witnesses about things that they would be unable to respond. Regarding a murder, [they'll be asked] "What did you see, was he a treifah or healthy?". And they'll say he was healthy, perhaps the place he was stabbed already had a [deathly] puncture. Regarding sexual immorality, [they'll be asked] "Did you see the makeup applicator inserted into the tube?".
They're even increasing murder. Due to this we aren't destroying wicked people and are increasing the spilling of blood.