Eduyos 5:2 - 5:3

העוף עולה עם הגבינה – (see Tractate Hullin, Chapter 8, Mishnah 1 for parallel) as its prohibition is not other than from the words of the Scribes.

לא עולה – it was a decree lest the cheese served up [on the table] with the meat of cattle in a boiling tightly-covered pot, which is prohibited from the Torah for it is cooking.

ובה"א אין תורמין (see Tractate Terumot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 4) - whomever has [olive] oil that he is obligated to separate from it the priest’s due and olives that is obligated to separate from it priest’s due, he is not allowed to separate the priestly gift from the olives according to the measure that he has to separate the priest’s gift from the olives and from the oil, and to exempt the oil through the priest’s gifts of the olives, for it is written (Numbers 18:27): “as with new grain from the threshing floor [or the flow from the vat],” from that which is completed on that which is completed, and not from what is not completed on that which is completed.

הזורע ארבע אמות בכרם (see Tractate Kilayim, Chapter 4, Mishnah 5) – which is the measure that a person must distance the seed from the vineyard, and the individual who sows within this measure has caused the condemnation of one row of the vineyard, as it is written (Deuteronomy 22:9): “else the crop – from the seed you have sown – and the yield of the vineyard may not be used,” but te School of Shammai holds that one row is called a vineyard. And the School of Hillel holds that something is not called a vineyard if it is less than two rows, and when the All-Merciful states that the yield of a vineyard has been condemned, two rows of the vineyard are spoken of.

המעסה (this section of the Mishnah is taught in Tractate Hallah, Chapter 1, Mishnah 6) -flour upon which boiling water is poured and it boils and thickens there. The School of Shammai exempts it from Hallah and the School of Hillel obligates [separating from it] Hallah. And the legal decision regarding this we have written at the beginning of [Tractate] Hallah (i.e., if it is baked in an oven, Hallah is required to be taken; but, if any deep or covered pan and/or in pan or anything where the flame passes underneath it, is exempt from Hallah being taken).

חרדלית (this section of the Mishnah is also taught in Tractate Mikvaot, Chapter 5, Mishnah 6) – like HARD’LIT a stream of water that comes from the bucket of the mountain, that is to say, from the height of the mountain, and even if from their beginning until their end there is nothing other than forty Se’ah, we immerse in according to the School of Shammai. But the School of Hillel states that we don’t immerse in it until there are forty Se’ah [of water] in one place, for rain water rushing down a slope/a torrent, does not purify other than in a cavity for the reception of water.

כפורש מן הקבר (this section of the Mishnah is also taught in Tractate Pesahim, Chapter 8, Mishnah 8) – and he requires sprinkling [of the ashes of the Red Heifer] on the third and seventh days (having been in contact with the dead -as per Numbers 19:19). But the Schools of Shammai and Hillel did not disagree other than in the case of an uncircumcised heathen who circumcised on the fourteenth day [of Nisan], for the School of Hillel holds that it is a decree lest he become ritually impure in the next year and say that “last year, I did not purify from all the ritual defilement until [the fourteenth] and I immersed and I ate; now, also, I will immerse and eat, but he did not know that last year, when he was still a heathen, he could not receive ritual defilement; now that he is an Israelite, and he can receive ritual defilement. But the School of Shammai holds that we don’t make this decree, but according to everyone, an uncircumcised Israelite may immerse and each his Passover offering in the evening.

קהלת אינו מטמא את הידים – because it is the wisdom of [King] Solomon, and it was not stated in the Holy Spirit.

מטמא את הדים – Because they (i.e., the School of Hillel) hold that Kohelet/Ecclesiastes was stated in the Holy Spirit. Therefore, it imparts impurity to the hands like the rest of Holy Scripture.

שעשו מצותן – After they had sprinkled them on the impure individual and he became pure through them (the ashes of the sin-offering), if they dripped from his body on to a person or on to utensils. (this section of the Mishnah, according to the commentary of Tosafot Yom Tov is not like the anonymous Mishnah taught in Tractate Parah, Chapter 12, Mishnah 4 as well as Mishnah 5).

הקצח – black seed that we call it NEELO in a foreign language, and it is customarily placed on bread and whomever uses this regularly does not have heart pains. [Tis is also taught in in the Tractate Uktsin, Chapter 3, Mishnah 6 and also at the end of chapter 1 of Tractate Tevul Yom, Mishnah 6).

ב"ש מטהרין – for it is not considered food.

וב"ה מטמאין – because it is customary to put it on foods and is considered food.

וכן למעשרות – just as they disputed regarding ritual defilement, they similarly disagree in the question of tithes which it defiles by the ritual impurity of foods, that one is obligated in tithing.