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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Eruvin 3:1 - 3:2

The Mishnah Yomi for Thursday, February 19, 2015 is Eruvin 3:1 - 3:2

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Eruvin Perek 3 Mishnah 1

ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื’ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ืืณ

1
One may establish a joining of houses in courtyards [eiruv แธฅatzerot] in order to permit carrying on Shabbat in a courtyard shared by two or more houses, and one may establish a joining of Shabbat borders [eiruv teแธฅumin] in order to extend the distance one is permitted to walk on Shabbat; and similarly, one may merge courtyards in order to permit carrying in an alleyway shared by two or more courtyards. This may be done with all kinds of food except for water and salt, as they are not considered foods and therefore may not be used for these purposes. The mishna continues with two similar principles: All types of food may be bought with second-tithe money, which must be taken to Jerusalem and used to purchase food (Deuteronomy 14:26), except for water and salt. Similarly, one who vows that nourishment is prohibited to him is permitted to eat water and salt, as they are not considered sources of nourishment. It was further stated with regard to the laws of joining courtyards that one may establish an eiruv teแธฅumin for a nazirite with wine, even though he is prohibited to drink it, because it is permitted to others. And similarly, one may establish an eiruv teแธฅumin for an Israelite with teruma, even though he may not eat it, because it is permitted to a priest. The food used for an eiruv teแธฅumin must be fit for human consumption, but it is not essential that it be fit for the consumption of the one for whom it is being used. Summakhos, however, says: One may only establish an eiruv teแธฅumin for an Israelite with unconsecrated food. It was additionally stated that one may establish an eiruv teแธฅumin for a priest in a beit haperas, a field containing a grave that was plowed over. There is doubt as to the location of bone fragments in the entire area. A priest is prohibited to come into contact with a corpse, and therefore may not enter a beit haperas. Rabbi Yehuda says: An eiruv teแธฅumin may be established for a priest even between the graves in a graveyard, an area which the priest may not enter by Torah law, since he can interpose between himself and the graves and go and eat the food that comprises the eiruv without contracting ritual impurity.
ื‘ึผึทื›ึผึนืœ ืžึฐืขึธืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื•ึผืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืชึผึฐืคึดื™ื, ื—ื•ึผืฅ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ื•ึผืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึทื—. ื•ึฐื”ึทื›ึผึนืœ ื ึดืงึผึธื— ื‘ึผึฐื›ึถืกึถืฃ ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ, ื—ื•ึผืฅ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ื•ึผืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึทื—. ื”ึทื ึผื•ึนื“ึตืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึธื–ื•ึนืŸ, ืžึปืชึผึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึถืœึทื—. ืžึฐืขึธืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื ึธื–ึดื™ืจ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื™ึดืŸ ื•ึผืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึดืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื”. ืกื•ึผืžึฐื›ื•ึนืก ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื‘ึผึฐื—ึปืœึผึดื™ืŸ. ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึนื”ึตืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ึทืคึผึฐืจึธืก. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ึทืงึผึฐื‘ึธืจื•ึนืช, ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืฉืึถื™ึผึธื›ื•ึนืœ ืœึตื™ืœึตืšึฐ ืœึธื—ื•ึนืฅ ื•ึฐืœึถืึฑื›ึนืœ:
ืืณ
Bartenura

ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ โ€“ the joining of borders/ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ (i.e., placing a small amount of food somewhere within the two-thousand cubit limit, establishing that location as oneโ€™s residence for Shabbat, and the two thousand cubits are measured from there), whereas the joining of courtyards/ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ื—ืฆืจื•ืช โ€“ is not made other than with bread (i.e., all the inhabitants of a serious of homes sharing a common courtyard place food in one place before Shabbat, they are considered as an extended household and one may carry within the courtyard), and this "ื‘ื›ืœ"/โ€with anyโ€ that is taught in our Mishnah , is not exact, as we state in the Gemara (Tractate Eruvin 27a): โ€œone may not derive anything from the general statement, not even when an exception is stated (as there may be other exceptions),โ€ for surely here it is taught in our Mishnah: โ€œWith any [food] do they prepare the Eruvโ€ฆ except for water and salt,โ€ and there are also a kind of mushroom and truffles that we donโ€™t make Eruvin and merging [of alleyways] with them (i.e., if several courtyards open into a common alleyway, it is prohibited for the inhabitants of the houses in the courtyards to carry within the alleyway unless he inhabitants of each house place food in one place for the duration of Shabbat together with the placement of a side pole placed at the entrance to the alleyway or a cross-beam placed over it to mark the entrance to the alleyway and that it is prohibited to carry outside the alleyway), and these are not food, like water and salt.

ื•ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื โ€“ merging of alleyways.

ื”ื›ืœ ื ืœืงื— ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ืžืขืฉืจ โ€“ as it is written (Deuteronomy 14:26): โ€œand spend the money on anything you want โ€“ [cattle, sheep, wine, or other intoxicant or anything you may desire].โ€

ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื— โ€“ for it is not fruit from fruit.

ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ โ€“ not that he said: โ€œthat nourishment should be forbidden to me,โ€ for it is not called โ€œnourishmentโ€/ืžื–ื•ืŸ โ€“ other than from five species that nourishes and satisfies (see Talmud Eruvin 30a), but rather, as for example, that he said, all that feed me โ€“ I take a vow of abstinence (as a substitute for the word โ€œsacrificeโ€/ืงืจื‘ืŸ ), and all words of support/nourishing and we impose an oath by hours, except from water and salt.

ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื ื–ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ โ€“ and even though it is not proper for him (as Nazirites are forbidden to partake of wine as part of their vow), it is proper for others.

ื•ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื” โ€“ for this (i.e., heave-offering) is appropriate [only] for Kohanim.

ืกื•ืžื›ื•ืก ืื•ืžืจ ื—ื•ืœื™ โ€“ fo we require something that is appropriate to him, and regarding wine for a Nazirite, Sumchos does not dispute, because it is possible that the Nazirite will come before a scholar for absolution from his vow and the wine will [then] be permitted to him on that Shabbat, but Terumah/heave-offering, it is impossible that it will be appropriate for an Israelite (as Terumah is only for a Kohen), for even an Israelite who separates the heave-offering upon it, and behold it will be as if it had not been lifted up, for behold, it returns to eatables that are forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts, and it is forbidden to eat from it until he returns and separates another heave-offering, for we donโ€™t separate heave-offering on Shabbat, even at twilight; therefore, it is not appropriate for him. But the Halakha is not according to Sumchos.

ื•ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืคืจืก โ€“ it is taught anonymously and is not Sumchos who said it.

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืคืจืก โ€“ it is field in which a grave was ploughed, it is permitted for a Kohen to enter there when he is breathing and walking by, and sees that he doesnโ€™t touch a bone the size of a barley-corn, and because of this, it is permitted to place his Eruv there, for he is able to enter in the place where he placed his Eruv, but he and his Eruv are in another place.

ืœื—ื•ืฅ โ€“ to make a partition between himself and the grave so that it would not cause Levitical uncleanness arising from being under the same shelter with, or forming a shelter over, a corpse, such, for example that he would enter there with a chest, ark, and/or a turret. So we see that is appropriate for him but the dispute of Rabbi Yehuda and the Rabbis we establish in the Gemara (Tractate Eruvin 30b-31a) that even regarding an Israelite, the Rabbis dispute upon that of Rabbi Yehudah, and they state that we donโ€™t place the joining of borders (i.e., by placing a enough food for a small meal somewhere within oneโ€™s two thousand cubit limit, one establishes that location as oneโ€™s residence for Shabbat) in a cemetery but the Mishnah did not mention the Kohen, other to inform us of the strength of Rabbi Yehudaโ€™s [opinion], for even a Kohen they permitted, and in this, they dispute, for Rabbi Yehuda holds that even though it is prohibited to benefit and to use the cemetery, it is permitted to place the Eruv there, for we donโ€™t make a joining of borders other than for a matter of a commandment, but the commandments were not given to benefit from them but even though the Eruv guards after its acquisition , for at twilight it acquires and already the commandment has been performed and it guards there the entire Shabbat, Rabbi Yehuda holds that a person is not strict regarding his Eruv if he lost it or it was stolen after he acquired it, but the Rabbis hold that a person is strict regarding his Eruv after he acquired it and desires that it not be stolen; therefore, when the Eruv is guarded in the cemetery all of Shabbat after he acquired it at twilight and the commandment was completed, it was found that he is using something that is forbidden for benefit, and that the graves are forbidden for benefit and therefore, a person should not leave his Eruv in the cemetery and the Halakha is according to the Sages.

ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ. ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ. ื“ืื™ืœื• ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ื—ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื ื‘ืคืช. ื•ื”ืื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืชื ืŸ ื‘ืžืชื ื™ืชื™ืŸ, ืœืื• ื“ื•ืงื, ื›ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืื™ืŸ ืœืžื“ื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ืฅ, ื“ื”ื ื”ื›ื ืชื ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื—, ื•ืื™ื›ื ื ืžื™ ื›ืžื”ื™ืŸ ื•ืคื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื“ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื“ืœืื• ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื ื™ื ื”ื•, ื›ืžื• ืžื™ื ื•ืžืœื—:

ื•ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื. ืฉืชื•ืคื™ ืžื‘ื•ืื•ืช:

ื”ื›ืœ ื ืœืงื— ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ืžืขืฉืจ. ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืดื“:ื›ืดื•) ื•ื ืชืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืชืื•ื” ื ืคืฉืš:

ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื—. ื“ืœืื• ืคืจื™ ืžืคืจื™ ื”ื•ื:

ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืœื ื“ืืžืจ ื™ืืกืจ ืขืœื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื“ืื™ืŸ ื ืงืจื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืืœื ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื“ื–ื™ื™ื ื™ ื•ืกืขื“ื™, ืืœื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืŸ ืขืœื™ ืงื•ื ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ืœื™ ื–ื™ื™ื ื™ ื•ืžืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืœืคื™ ืฉืขื” ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืžืœื—:

ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื ื–ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ. ื“ืืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื“ืœื ื—ื–ื™ ืœื“ื™ื“ื™ื”, ื—ื–ื™ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื™:

ื•ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื”. ื“ื”ื ื—ื–ื™ื ืœื›ื”ื ื™ื:

ืกื•ืžื›ื•ืก ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ. ื“ืžื™ื“ื™ ื“ื—ื–ื™ ืœื™ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ. ื•ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื–ื™ืจ ืœื ืคืœื™ื’ ืกื•ืžื›ื•ืก, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืฉืืœ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ ืขืœ ื ื“ืจื• ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื‘ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืชืจื•ืžื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืฉืืœ ื”ืžืคืจื™ืฉ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืขืœื™ื” ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื•ืจืžื”, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœื˜ื‘ืœื” ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืžื ื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื™ืคืจื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืžื” ืื—ืจืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ืŸ ืชืจื•ืžื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช, ื”ื™ืœื›ืš ืœื ื—ื–ื™ื ืœื™ื”. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืกื•ืžื›ื•ืก:

ื•ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืคืจืก. ืกืชืžื ื”ื™ื, ื•ืœืื• ืกื•ืžื›ื•ืก ืงืืžืจ ืœื”.

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืคืจืก. ืฉื“ื” ืฉื ื—ืจืฉ ื‘ื” ืงื‘ืจ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืœื™ื›ื ืก ืฉื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ืคื— ื•ื”ื•ืœืš, ื•ืจื•ืื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื”. ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ืชืŸ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื• ืฉื ืฉื”ืจื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืชืŸ ืฉื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื• ื•ื”ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“:

ืœื—ื•ืฅ. ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœืงื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื™ืื”ื™ืœ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ืฉื ื‘ืฉื™ื“ื” ืชื™ื‘ื” ื•ืžื’ื“ืœ, ืืœืžื ื—ื–ื™ ืœื™ื”. ื•ืคืœื•ื’ืชื ื“ืจืณ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืžื•ืงืžื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคืœื™ื’ื™ ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ื“ืจืดื™ ื•ืืžืจื™ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ื—ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื›ื”ืŸ ืืœื ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขืš ื›ื—ื• ื“ืจืดื™ ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืจื™. ื•ื‘ื”ื ืงืžื™ืคืœื’ื™, ื“ืจืดื™ ืกื‘ืจ ืืขืดื’ ื“ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘, ื“ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ ืืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ืชื ื•, ื•ืืขืดืค ืฉืžืฉืชืžืจ ืฉื ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืชื• ื“ื”ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืงื•ื ื” ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืจ ืฉื ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืงืกื‘ืจ ืจืดื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื• ืื ืื‘ื“ ืื• ื ื’ื ื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื ื” ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืกื‘ืจื™ ืื“ื ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื• ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื ื”, ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื ื™ื’ื ื‘, ื”ืœื›ืš ื›ืฉื”ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืชืžืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื•ื ื’ืžืจื” ืžืฆื•ืชื• ื ืžืฆื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืกื•ืจื™ ื”ื ืื” ืฉื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืืกื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืื”, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืœื ื™ื ื™ื— ืื“ื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ื—ื›ืžื™ื:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Eruvin Perek 3 Mishnah 2

ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื’ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืณ

2
One may establish an eiruv with demai, produce purchased from one who may not have separated the required tithes, and similarly, one may establish an eiruv with the first tithe whose teruma has been taken in order to be given to a priest, and with the second tithe and consecrated articles that have been redeemed; and priests may establish an eiruv with แธฅalla, the portion of dough that must be given to a priest. However, one may not establish an eiruv with tevel, produce from which the priestly dues [teruma] and other tithes have not been separated, nor with first tithe whose teruma, which must be given to a priest, has not been taken, nor with the second tithe or consecrated articles that have not been redeemed. If one sends his eiruv in the hands of a deaf-mute, an imbecile, or a minor, all of whom are regarded as legally incompetent, or in the hands of one who does not accept the principle of eiruv, it is not a valid eiruv. But if one told another person to receive it from him at a specific location and set it down in that spot, it is a valid eiruv. The critical point in the establishment of an eiruv is that it must be deposited in the proper location by a competent person; but it is immaterial how the eiruv arrives there.
ืžึฐืขึธืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดื“ึฐืžึทืื™, ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ ืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึถื ึดื˜ึผึฐืœึธื” ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธืชื•ึน, ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ ืฉืึตื ึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึถืงึฐื“ึผึตืฉื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืคึฐื“ึผื•ึผ. ื•ึฐื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื, ื‘ึผึฐื—ึทืœึผึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึดืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื”. ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ืœึนื ื‘ึฐื˜ึถื‘ึถืœ, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื‘ึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ ืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื ึดื˜ึผึฐืœึธื” ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธืชื•ึน, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื‘ึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ ืฉืึตื ึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึถืงึฐื“ึผึตืฉื ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื ึดืคึฐื“ึผื•ึผ. ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืœึตื—ึท ืขึตืจื•ึผื‘ื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื“ ื—ึตืจึตืฉื, ืฉืื•ึนื˜ึถื” ื•ึฐืงึธื˜ึธืŸ, ืื•ึน ื‘ึฐื™ึทื“ ืžึดื™ ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืžื•ึนื“ึถื” ื‘ึธืขึตืจื•ึผื‘, ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืขึตืจื•ึผื‘. ื•ึฐืึดื ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึฐืึทื—ึตืจ ืœึฐืงึทื‘ึผึฐืœื•ึน ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ, ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืขึตืจื•ึผื‘:
ื‘ืณ
Bartenura

ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืžืื™ โ€“ with a loaf that was taken from an ignoramus/illiterate (i.e., someone who does not observe the rules of tithing and Levitical uncleanness) and did not separate from it the tithe of the tithe of doubtfully tithed produce.

ื•ื‘ืžืขืฉืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›ื•' ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืœ ื•ื›ื•' โ€“ all of these are explained in Tractate Shabbat, in the Chapter โ€œThey Clear Awayโ€ ืคืจืง ืžืคื ื™ืŸ(Chapter 18, Mishnah 1).

ื”ืฉื•ืœื— ืืช ืขืจื•ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื“ ื—ืจืฉ ื›ื•' โ€“ to bring it to the end of two thousand cubits and specifically regarding the joining of borders/ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ is not an Eruv if he sent it in the hand of a minor, but with ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ื—ืฆืจื•ืช /the joining of courtyards, it exists for us with a minor seizing the Eruv.

ื‘ื™ื“ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืขืจื•ื‘ โ€“ such as, for example, a Cuthean or a Sadducee (who does not recognized the validity of the Oral Torah).

ื•ืื ืืžืจ ืœืื—ืจ โ€“ who is deemed fit to receive it from someone not eligible and the fit one will bring it to the end of two thousand cubits.

ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ โ€“ this is an Eruv as long as that he stands and sees at the time when the ineligible wone gives it to the hand of the one who is fit, even though he does not see it, for the fit one takes it for he performs with the presumption of an agent his mission.

ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืžืื™. ื‘ื›ื›ืจ ืฉืœืงื—ื” ืžืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื ื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืžืžื ื” ืชืจื•ืžืช ืžืขืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื“ืžืื™:

ื•ื‘ืžืขืฉืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืณ ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืœ ื•ื›ื•ืณ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืกืณ ืฉื‘ืช ืคืจืง ืžืคื ื™ืŸ:

ื”ืฉื•ืœื— ืืช ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื“ ื—ืจืฉ ื›ื•ืณ ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื›ื• ืœืกื•ืฃ ืืœืคื™ื ืืžื”. ื•ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืื ืฉืœื—ื• ื‘ื™ื“ ืงื˜ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ ื—ืฆืจื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืดืœ ืงื˜ืŸ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื‘:

ื‘ื™ื“ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื‘. ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืชื™ ืื• ืฆื“ื•ืงื™:

ื•ืื ืืžืจ ืœืื—ืจ. ื›ืฉืจ, ืœืงื‘ืœื• ืžืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืœ ื•ื™ื•ืœื™ื›ื ื• ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืœืกื•ืฃ ืืœืคื™ื ืืžื”:

ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืขื™ืจื•ื‘. ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ืคืกื•ืœ ื ื•ืชื ื• ืœื™ื“ ื”ื›ืฉืจ, ืืขืดืค ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื” ื›ืฉื”ื›ืฉืจ ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื•, ื“ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืœื™ื— ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•:

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