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Berachos 9:5 - Peah 1:1

The Mishnah Yomi for Saturday, November 27, 2021 is Berachos 9:5 - Peah 1:1

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Berachos Perek 9 Mishnah 5

ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืคืจืง ื˜ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืณ

5
The mishna articulates a general principle: One is obligated to recite a blessing for the bad that befalls him just as he recites a blessing for the good that befalls him, as it is stated: โ€œAnd you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mightโ€ (Deuteronomy 6:5). The mishna explains this verse as follows: โ€œWith all your heartโ€ means with your two inclinations, with your good inclination and your evil inclination, both of which must be subjugated to the love of God. โ€œWith all your soulโ€ means even if God takes your soul. โ€œAnd with all your mightโ€ means with all your money, as money is referred to in the Bible as might. Alternatively, it may be explained that โ€œwith all your mightโ€ means with every measure that He metes out to you; whether it is good or troublesome, thank Him. The mishna teaches several Temple-related halakhot. One may not act irreverently or conduct himself flippantly opposite the eastern gate of the Temple Mount, which is aligned opposite the Holy of Holies. In deference to the Temple, one may not enter the Temple Mount with his staff, his shoes, his money belt [punda], or even the dust on his feet. One may not make the Temple a shortcut to pass through it, and through an a fortiori inference, all the more so one may not spit on the Temple Mount. The mishna relates: At the conclusion of all blessings recited in the Temple, those reciting the blessing would say: Blessed are You Lord, God of Israel, until everlasting [haolam], the world. But when the Sadducees strayed and declared that there is but one world and there is no World-to-Come, the Sages instituted that at the conclusion of the blessing one recites: From everlasting [haolam] to everlasting [haolam]. The Sages also instituted that one should greet another in the name of God, i.e., one should mention Godโ€™s name in his greeting, as it is stated: โ€œAnd presently Boaz came from Bethlehem and said to the harvesters, The Lord is with you, and they said to him, May the Lord bless youโ€ (Ruth 2:4). And it says: โ€œAnd the angel of God appeared to him and said to him, God is with you, mighty man of valorโ€ (Judges 6:12). And it says: โ€œAnd despise not your mother when she is oldโ€ (Proverbs 23:22), i.e., one must not neglect customs which he inherits. And lest you say that mentioning Godโ€™s name is prohibited, it says: โ€œIt is time to work for the Lord; they have made void Your Torahโ€ (Psalms 119:126), i.e., it is occasionally necessary to negate biblical precepts in order to perform Godโ€™s will, and greeting another is certainly Godโ€™s will. Rabbi Natan says another interpretation of the verse: โ€œMake void Your Torahโ€ because โ€œit is the time to work for the Lord,โ€ i.e., occasionally it is necessary to negate biblical precepts in order to bolster the Torah.
ื—ึทื™ึผึธื‘ ืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืจึธืขึธื” ื›ึผึฐืฉืึตื ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ึธื”, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•) ื•ึฐืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืช ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ึฐืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึฐืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึฐืึนื“ึถืšึธ. ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ึฐืšึธ, ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐืฆึธืจึถื™ืšึธ, ื‘ึผึฐื™ึตืฆึถืจ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื™ึตืฆึถืจ ืจึธืข. ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึฐืšึธ, ืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ื”ื•ึผื ื ื•ึนื˜ึตืœ ืึถืช ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึถืšึธ. ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึฐืึนื“ึถืšึธ, ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึธืžื•ึนื ึถืšึธ. ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึทื—ึตืจ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึฐืึนื“ึถืšึธ, ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึดื“ึผึธื” ื•ึผืžึดื“ึผึธื” ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžื•ึนื“ึตื“ ืœึฐืšึธ ื”ึฑื•ึตื™ ืžื•ึนื“ึถื” ืœื•ึน ื‘ึผึดืžึฐืึนื“ ืžึฐืึนื“. ืœึนื ื™ึธืงึตืœ ืึธื“ึธื ืึถืช ืจึนืืฉืื•ึน ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐืจึธื—, ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐื›ึปื•ึผึธืŸ ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื”ึทืงึผึธื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื. ืœึนื ื™ึดื›ึผึธื ึตืก ืœึฐื”ึทืจ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืงึฐืœื•ึน, ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึดื ึฐืขึธืœื•ึน, ื•ึผื‘ึฐืคึปื ึฐื“ึผึธืชื•ึน, ื•ึผื‘ึฐืึธื‘ึธืง ืฉืึถืขึทืœ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึธื™ื•, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื ึผื•ึผ ืงึทืคึผึทื ึฐื“ึผึทืจึฐื™ึธื, ื•ึผืจึฐืงึดื™ืงึธื” ืžึดืงึผึทืœ ื•ึธื—ึนืžึถืจ. ื›ึผึธืœ ื—ื•ึนืชึฐืžึตื™ ื‘ึฐืจึธื›ื•ึนืช ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ื‘ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื, ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื. ืžึดืฉึผืึถืงึผึดืœึฐืงึฐืœื•ึผ ื”ึทืžึผึดื™ื ึดื™ืŸ, ื•ึฐืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ, ืึตื™ืŸ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืึถืœึผึธื ืึถื—ึธื“, ื”ึดืชึฐืงึดื™ื ื•ึผ ืฉืึถื™ึผึฐื”ื•ึผ ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื, ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื. ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐืงึดื™ื ื•ึผ, ืฉืึถื™ึผึฐื”ึตื ืึธื“ึธื ืฉืื•ึนืึตืœ ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืœื•ึนื ื—ึฒื‘ึตืจื•ึน ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึตื, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ (ืจื•ืช ื‘) ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื‘ึนืขึทื– ื‘ึผึธื ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืœึถื—ึถื, ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืœึทืงึผื•ึนืฆึฐืจึดื™ื ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื, ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน, ื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึถื›ึฐืšึธ ื™ึฐื™ึธ. ื•ึฐืื•ึนืžึตืจ (ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื•) ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืขึดืžึผึฐืšึธ ื’ึผึดื‘ึผื•ึนืจ ื”ึถื—ึธื™ึดืœ. ื•ึฐืื•ึนืžึตืจ (ืžืฉืœื™ ื›ื’) ืึทืœ ืชึผึธื‘ื•ึผื– ื›ึผึดื™ ื–ึธืงึฐื ึธื” ืึดืžึผึถืšึธ. ื•ึฐืื•ึนืžึตืจ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื™ื˜) ืขึตืช ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืœึทื™ื™ึธ ื”ึตืคึตืจื•ึผ ืชื•ึนืจึธืชึถืšึธ. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื ึธืชึธืŸ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื”ึตืคึตืจื•ึผ ืชื•ึนืจึธืชึถืšึธ ืขึตืช ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืœึทื™ื™ึธ:
ื”ืณ
Bartenura

ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื” โ€“ When one makes the blessing โ€œThe True and Righteous Judge,โ€ on the bad things [that occur], one is obligated to recite the blessing in joy and with a full-heart, just as one recites with joy the blessing, โ€œWho is Good and Does Goodโ€ on the good things [that happen].

ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ: "ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืื“ืš" โ€“ with all of the measures that are measured out to you, whether for good or for retribution.

ืœื ื™ืงืœ ืื“ื ืจืืฉื• โ€“ He should not act with irreverence.

ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืขืจ ืžื–ืจื— โ€“ Outside of the Temple Mount where the low wall which is at foot of the Temple to the east, since it is designed that all of the gates correspond one opposite the other โ€“ the Eastern Gate, the Gate of the Womenโ€™s Court, the Gate of the Israelite Court and the Opening of the [Great[ Hall, and the [Holy] Hall and the House of the Holy of Holies in the First Temple.

ื•ื‘ืืคื•ื ื“ืชื• โ€“ A hollow region where they put money. Another explanation: Clothing that is worn on his skin to receive the sweat so that it would not soil the rest of oneโ€™s clothing, for it is shameful for a person to leave [his home] with only that [piece of] clothing.

ืงืคื ื“ืจื™ื โ€“ to enter through one opening and to exit from the opposite opening in order to shorten his walk in that path. And the word KAPANDARIA [means] (using a phonetic etymology [in Aramaic] using the letters KUF, FEY, NUN and DALET and RESH, that is to say, that instead of going around rows of houses, I will shorten the distance of my walk and enter via this path.

ื•ืจืงื™ืงื” โ€“ Which is prohibited on the Temple Mount.

ืžืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ โ€“ From the shoe. Just as a shoe is not a form of disrespect, [yet] which is forbidden [to be worn on the Temple Mount], spitting which is an act of contempt, all the more so (see Tosefta Berakhot 6:19).

ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืชืžื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ โ€“ He who makes a blessing says at the conclusion of each blessing (Berakhot 54a), โ€œPraised is the LORD the God of Israel from everlasting to everlasting, Who Bestows Knowledge.โ€ And thereafter, everyone responds, saying: โ€œPraised be the Name of His glorious Kingdom forever and ever,โ€ for we do not answer โ€œAmenโ€ after every blessing [that is recited] in the Temple, as it is written (Nehemiah 9:5), โ€œRise, bless the LORD your God who is from eternity to eternity;โ€ And we say after that: โ€œMay Your glorious name be blessed, [exalted though it is above every blessing and praise]!โ€ That is to say, that they would respond, โ€œPraised be the Name of Godโ€™s glorious kingdom forever and ever.โ€ And we learn here that in the First Temple [period], they would only say, โ€œPraised is the God of Israel for eternityโ€ and nothing more, and not โ€œfrom eternity to eternity.โ€

ืžืฉืงืœืงืœื• ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื โ€“ Since they [the Sectarians] did not believe in the Resurrection of the Dead and said that that there is no world other than this one, Ezra and his court established that we should say, โ€œfrom eternity to eternity,โ€ to state that there are two worlds โ€“ this world and the next world, to remove from the hearts of the Sectarians who denied belief in the Resurrection of the Dead.

ืฉื™ื”ื ืื“ื ืฉื•ืืœ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื‘ืฉื โ€“ With the Name of the Holy One, blessed be He, and we do not say that he should treat His (Godโ€™s) honor with disrespect in order to honor human beings, to bring forth the name of Heaven upon him, as we learned from Boaz (Ruth 2:4), โ€œHe greeted the reaper, โ€˜The LORD be with you! [And they responded, โ€˜The LORD bless you!]โ€ And when Boaz said it, he did so willingly, and we do not derive [anything from] it: Come and hear from the angel who said to Gideon (Judges 6:12), โ€œThe LORD is with you, valiant warrior.โ€ And if you say, but the angel did not ask the welfare of Gideon nor blessed him, but only through serving as Godโ€™s messenger, informing him that Godโ€™s presence is with him, and we donโ€™t derive anything from it. Come and hear: Do not despise that you mother is old, and do not despise Boaz to say that he did so (i.e., greet the reapers] of his own accord, but that he was taught from the elders of your people, for there is upon what he can rely, as it states (Psalms 119:126), โ€œIt is a time to act for the LORD, for they have violated Your teaching.โ€

ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืื•ืžืจ: ื”ืคืจื• ืชื•ืจืชืš โ€“ Sometimes, we set aside the Torah in order to perform act for [the sake of] God, even the individual who intends to ask of the welfare of his neighbor, this is the will of the God, as it states (Psalms 34:15), โ€œSeek amity and pursue it.โ€ It is [thus] permissible to invalidate the Torah and to do something that appears forbidden.

ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื”. ื›ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžืช ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื”, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื‘ืœื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืฉื ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื”:

ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืื“ืš. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ืช ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช:

ืœื ื™ืงืœ ืื“ื ืจืืฉื•. ืœื ื™ื ื”ื’ ืงืœื•ืช ืจืืฉ:

ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžื–ืจื—. ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืืฉืจ ืœืจื’ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœืžื–ืจื—, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืฉืขืจื™ื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื–ื”, ื›ื ื’ื“ ื–ื” ืฉืขืจ ืžื–ืจื— ืฉืขืจ ืขื–ืจืช ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืขืจ ืขื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืคืชื— ื”ืื•ืœื ื•ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ:

ื‘ืืคื•ื ื“ืชื•. ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ืœื•ืœ ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื• ืžืขื•ืช. ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื’ื“ ืฉืœื•ื‘ืฉ ืขืœ ื‘ืฉืจื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื–ื™ืขื” ืฉืœื ืœื˜ื ืฃ ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ื•ื’ื ืื™ ืœืื“ื ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื’ื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•:

ืงืคื ื“ืจื™ื. ืœื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืคืชื— ื–ื” ื•ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืคืชื— ืฉื›ื ื’ื“ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืฆืจ ื”ืœื•ื›ื• ื“ืจืš ืฉื. ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงืคื ื“ืจื™ื ืื“ืžืงื™ืคื ื ื“ืจื™ ืืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืงื™ืฃ ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ื ืืงืฆืจ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื•ืื›ื ืก ื“ืจืš ื›ืืŸ:

ื•ืจืงื™ืงื”. ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช:

ืžืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ. ืžืžื ืขืœ, ื•ืžื” ืžื ืขืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื“ืจืš ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ, ืจืงื™ืงื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ:

ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืชืžื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื”ืžื‘ืจืš ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืณ ืืœื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื—ื•ื ืŸ ื”ื“ืขืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืœื, ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“. ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื ื™ืŸ ืืžืŸ ืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืขื–ืจื (ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื˜) ืงื•ืžื• ื‘ืจื›ื• ืืช ื”ืณ ืืœื”ื™ื›ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืื—ืดื› ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื• ืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ืš, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืขื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ืœืขืดื•. ื•ืืฉืžืขื™ื ืŸ ื”ื›ื ื“ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืœื ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืœื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื:

ืžืฉืงืœืงืœื• ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื. ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ืืžืจื• ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื ืืœื ื–ื”, ื”ืชืงื™ื ื• ืขื–ืจื ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื™ืฉ, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืœื‘ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื:

ืฉื™ื”ื ืื“ื ืฉื•ืืœ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื‘ืฉื. ื‘ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื, ื•ืœื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœืžื“ื• ืžื‘ื•ืขื– ืฉืืžืจ ืœืงื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืณ ืขืžื›ื, ื•ื›ื™ ืชื™ืžื ื‘ืขื– ืžื“ืขืชื™ื” ื“ื ืคืฉื™ื” ืงืขื‘ื“ ื•ืœื ื’ืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ื”, ืชื ืฉืžืข ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœืืš ืฉืืžืจ ืœื’ื“ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ืขืžืš ื’ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ืœ, ื•ื›ื™ ืชื™ืžื ืœื ืฉืืœ ื”ืžืœืืš ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื’ื“ืขื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื•, ืืœื ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืฉื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืขืžื•, ื•ืœื ื’ืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ื”, ืชื ืฉืžืข ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืืœ ืชื‘ื•ื– ื›ื™ ื–ืงื ื” ืืžืš, ืืœ ืชื‘ื•ื– ืืช ื‘ืขื– ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžื“ืขืชื• ืขืฉื” ืืœื ืœืžื•ื“ ืžื–ืงื ื™ ืื•ืžืชืš ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขืœ ืžื™ ืœื”ืกืžืš ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืณ ื”ืคืจื• ืชื•ืจืชืš:

ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืจื• ืชื•ืจืชืš. ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืณ, ืืฃ ื–ื” ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื•, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืœืดื“:ื˜ืดื•) ื‘ืงืฉ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืจื“ืคื”ื•, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืจืื” ืืกื•ืจ:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Peah Perek 1 Mishnah 1

ืคืื” ืคืจืง ืืณ ืžืฉื ื” ืืณ

1
These are the things that have no definite quantity: The corners [of the field]. First-fruits; [The offerings brought] on appearing [at the Temple on the three pilgrimage festivals]. The performance of righteous deeds; And the study of the torah. The following are the things for which a man enjoys the fruits in this world while the principal remains for him in the world to come: Honoring oneโ€™s father and mother; The performance of righteous deeds; And the making of peace between a person and his friend; And the study of the torah is equal to them all.
ืึตืœึผื•ึผ ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ืœึธื”ึถื ืฉืึดืขื•ึผืจ. ื”ึทืคึผึตืึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึทื‘ึผึดื›ึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื, ื•ึฐื”ึธืจึตืึธื™ื•ึนืŸ, ื•ึผื’ึฐืžึดื™ืœื•ึผืช ื—ึฒืกึธื“ึดื™ื, ื•ึฐืชึทืœึฐืžื•ึผื“ ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”. ืึตืœึผื•ึผ ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืฉืึถืึธื“ึธื ืื•ึนื›ึตืœ ืคึผึตืจื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื‘ึผึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื•ึฐื”ึทืงึผึถืจึถืŸ ืงึทื™ึผึถืžึถืช ืœื•ึน ืœึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื”ึทื‘ึผึธื. ื›ึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผื“ ืึธื‘ ื•ึธืึตื, ื•ึผื’ึฐืžึดื™ืœื•ึผืช ื—ึฒืกึธื“ึดื™ื, ื•ึทื”ึฒื‘ึธืึทืช ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ืึธื“ึธื ืœึทื—ึฒื‘ึตืจื•ึน, ื•ึฐืชึทืœึฐืžื•ึผื“ ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื:
ืืณ
Bartenura

ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ โ€“ From the Torah [itself, it (the corner of the field) has no fixed measure], but from [the perspective of] the Rabbis, it has (another) measure, for it is taught at the end of the Mishnah (actually in Mishnah 2), โ€œwe donโ€™t [bring any] less than one-sixtieth.

ื”ืคืื” โ€“ that an individual is obligated to leave at the edge of his field for the poor, as it is written (Leviticus 23:22), โ€œ[And when you reap the harvest of your land,] you shall not reap all the way to the edges of your field,[or gather the gleanings of your harvest; you shall leave them for the poor and the stranger: I the LORD am your God.].โ€

ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื โ€“ As it is written (Exodus 23:19), โ€œThe choice first fruits of your soil you shall bring to the house of the LORD your Godโ€ฆโ€(see also the exact same formulation in Exodus 34:26, which is the chapter source for the next Biblical quote), and the Torah did not provide for them a [fixed] measure.

ื•ื”ืจืื™ื•ืŸ โ€“ That a person is obligated to appear in the Temple court on the three Pilgrimage festivals (Passover, Shavuot and Sukkot), as it is written (Exodus 34:23), โ€œThree times a year all your males shall appear [before the Sovereign LORD, the God of Israel,โ€(see also, Exodus 23:20 and Deuteronomy 16:16) for virtually identical language)โ€ and this appearance in the Temple has no fixed measure, for whenever that he (i.e., that person) wishes to, he goes up and appears and then leaves. Another interpretation: The burnt offerings of โ€œappearingโ€ and the peace offerings [brought] as the festive offering of the visitors of the Temple on the festivals which [a person] is obligated to bring as it is written (Exodus 34:20) โ€œโ€ฆNone shall appear before Me empty-handedโ€ (see also Deuteronomy 16:16 for an identical command)., have no [fixed] measure from the Torah, as it is written (Deuteronomy 16:17), โ€œbut each with his own gift, [according to the blessing that the LORD your God has bestowed upon you],โ€ but the Sages gave them a measure (see Mishnah Hagigah 1:2 in a dispute between the School of Shammai and the School of Hillel), the burnt offering is one mโ€™ah silver and the festival offering is two silver pieces.

ื•ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื โ€“ [and deeds of lovingkindness] of oneโ€™s body, such as visiting the sick and burying the dead and others like them, but deeds of lovingkindness [performed] with oneโ€™s money , such as the redemption of captives, the clothing of the naked and the feeding of the hungry and others like them, there is a [fixed] measure that one should give every time such a Mitzvah should come to his hand [to perform which is], one fifth of the profit of oneโ€™s possessions, and beyond that, one is not obligated [to give], as we say, a person who wants to be liberal (in his giving of tzedakah on a large scale), should not give more than twenty percent (see Ketubot 50a). Therefore, it is necessary for a person to separate out one fifth of his profit at all times so that it would be [readily] found whenever [an opportunity] to perform an act of lovingkindness comes to his hand, in order that he can sustain him (i.e. the less fortunate), and in that way, he fulfills his obligation.

ื•ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ [The Study of Torah] has no fixed measure, as it is written (Joshua 1:8), โ€œ[Let not this Book of the Teaching cease from your lips,] but recite it day and night, [so that you may faithfully observe all that is written in itโ€ฆ].โ€

ื•ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ื•ืœื โ€“ it (Torah study) is of equal importance to them all.

ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ. ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ, ื“ื”ื ืชื ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืคื ืื™ืŸ ืคื•ื—ืชื™ืŸ ืœืคืื” ืžืฉืฉื™ื:

ื”ืคืื”. ืฉืื“ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื“ื”ื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ืดื’:ื›ืดื‘) ืœื ืชื›ืœื” ืคืืช ืฉื“ืš ื‘ืงืฆืจืš:

ื•ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื. ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ืดื’:ื™ืดื˜) ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ ืื“ืžืชืš ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ ืืœื”ื™ืš, ื•ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ:

ื•ื”ืจืื™ื•ืŸ. ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ืฉืœืฉ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื) ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื™ืจืื” ื›ืœ ื–ื›ื•ืจืš, ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืจืื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื“ื›ืœ ืื™ืžืช ื“ื‘ืขื™ ืขื™ื™ืœ ื•ืžืชื—ื–ื™ ื•ื ืคื™ืง. ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™ื” ื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื) ื•ืœื ื™ืจืื• ืคื ื™ ืจื™ืงื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ืดื–:ื™ืดื–) ืื™ืฉ ื›ืžืชื ืช ื™ื“ื•, ืืœื ืฉื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ืชื ื• ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ, ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืขื” ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืฉืชื™ ื›ืกืฃ:

ื•ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื. ื“ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ืžืชื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื ื“ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืœื‘ื™ืฉ ืขืจื•ืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ืื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืขื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ, ืฉื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืชื‘ื ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ื–ื• ืœื™ื“ื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืจื™ื•ื— ืฉื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื•, ื•ืชื• ืœื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘, ื“ื”ื›ื™ ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืœ ื™ื‘ื–ื‘ื– ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื•ืžืฉ. ื”ืœื›ืš ืžื‘ืขื™ ืœื™ื” ืœืื™ื ืฉ ืœืืคืจื•ืฉื™ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ืจื™ื•ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ืžืฆื•ื™ ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ ืœื™ื“ื• ืฉื™ืงื™ื™ืžื ื•, ื•ื‘ื”ื›ื™ ื ืคื™ืง ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื•:

ื•ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”. ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืืณ:ื—ืณ) ื•ื”ื’ื™ืช ื‘ื• ื™ื•ืžื ื•ืœื™ืœื”:

ื•ืชืดืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ื•ืœื. ืฉืงื•ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ื•ืœื:

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