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Middos 2:6 - 3:1

The Mishnah Yomi for Monday, April 20, 2026 is Middos 2:6 - 3:1

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Middos Perek 2 Mishnah 6

ืžื“ื•ืช ืคืจืง ื‘ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื•ืณ

6
There were chambers underneath the Court of Israel which opened into the Court of Women, where the Levites used to keep lyres and lutes and cymbals and all kinds of musical instruments. The Court of Israel was a hundred and thirty-five cubits in length by eleven in breadth. Similarly the Court of the Priests was a hundred and thirty-five cubits in length by eleven in breadth. And a row of mosaic stones separated the Court of Israel from the Court of the Priests. Rabbi Eliezer ben Jacob says: there was a step a cubit high on which a platform was placed, and it had three steps each of half a cubit in height. In this way the Court of the Priests was made two and a half cubits higher than that of Israel. The whole of the Court was a hundred and eighty-seven cubits in length by a hundred and thirty-five in breadth. And thirteen prostrations were made there. Abba Yose ben Hanan says: they were made facing the thirteen gates. On the south beginning from the west there were the upper gate, the gate of burning, the gate of the firstborn, and the water gate. And why was it called the water gate? Because they brought in through it the pitcher of water for libation on the festival. Rabbi Eliezer ben Jacob says: in it the water welled up, and in the time to come from there it will come out from under the threshold of the Temple. Corresponding to them in the north beginning in the west were the gate of Yehoniah, the gate of the offering, the women's gate, the gate of song. Why was it called the gate of Yehoniah? Because Yehoniah went forth into captivity through it. On the east was the gate of Nicanor; it had two doors, one on its right and one on its left. There were further two gates in the west which had no special name.
ื•ึผืœึฐืฉืึธื›ื•ึนืช ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืชึทื—ึทืช ืขึถื–ึฐืจึทืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ื•ึผืคึฐืชื•ึผื—ื•ึนืช ืœึฐืขึถื–ึฐืจึทืช ื”ึทื ึผึธืฉืึดื™ื, ืฉืึถืฉึผืึธื ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึผึดื ื ื•ึนืชึฐื ึดื™ื ื›ึผึดื ึผื•ึนืจื•ึนืช ื•ึผื ึฐื‘ึธืœึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึฐืฆึดืœึฐืชึผึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื›ึผึฐืœึตื™ ืฉืึดื™ืจ. ืขึถื–ึฐืจึทืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืึนืจึถืšึฐ ืžึตืึธื” ืึทืžึผึธื” ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐื—ึธืžึตืฉื ืขึทืœ ืจึนื—ึทื‘ ืึทื—ึทืช ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื”. ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ืขึถื–ึฐืจึทืช ื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืึนืจึถืšึฐ ืžึตืึธื” ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐื—ึธืžึตืฉื ืขึทืœ ืจึนื—ึทื‘ ืึทื—ึทืช ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื”. ื•ึฐืจึธืืฉืึตื™ ืคึดืกึฐืคึผึธืกึดื™ืŸ ืžึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึดื™ืœึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ืขึถื–ึฐืจึทืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึฐืขึถื–ึฐืจึทืช ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ืžึทืขึฒืœึธื” ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืฉืึธื, ื•ึผื’ึฐื‘ื•ึนื”ึธื” ืึทืžึผึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ ื ึธืชื•ึผืŸ ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ, ื•ึผื‘ึธื”ึผ ืฉืึธืœืฉื ืžึทืขึฒืœื•ึนืช ืฉืึถืœ ื—ึฒืฆึดื™ ื—ึฒืฆึดื™ ืึทืžึผึธื”. ื ึดืžึฐืฆึตืืช ืขึถื–ึฐืจึทืช ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนื”ึธื” ืžึตืขึถื–ึฐืจึทืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ ืึทืžึผื•ึนืช ื•ึผืžึถื—ึฑืฆึธื”. ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึฒื–ึธืจึธื” ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืึนืจึถืšึฐ ืžึตืึธื” ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžื•ึนื ึดื™ื ื•ึธืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืขึทืœ ืจึนื—ึทื‘ ืžึตืึธื” ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐื—ึธืžึตืฉื. ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึนืฉื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ื”ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ึฒื•ึธื™ื•ึนืช ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืฉืึธื. ืึทื‘ึผึธื ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™ ื‘ึถืŸ ื—ึธื ึธืŸ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึธื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ืฉืึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื. ืฉืึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืžึดื™ึผึดื™ื ืกึฐืžื•ึผื›ึดื™ื ืœึทืžึผึทืขึฒืจึธื‘, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึธืขึถืœึฐื™ื•ึนืŸ, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทื“ึผึถืœึถืง, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื›ื•ึนืจื•ึนืช, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึธื™ึดื, ื•ึฐืœึธืžึผึธื” ื ึดืงึฐืจึธื ืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื. ืฉืึถื‘ึผื•ึน ืžึทื›ึฐื ึดื™ืกึดื™ืŸ ืฆึฐืœื•ึนื—ึดื™ืช ืฉืึถืœ ืžึทื™ึดื ืฉืึถืœ ื ึดืกึผื•ึผืšึฐ ื‘ึผึถื—ึธื’. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื•ึผื‘ื•ึน ื”ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ืžึฐืคึทื›ึผึดื™ื, ื•ึทืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึดื™ืŸ ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึนืฆึฐืึดื™ืŸ ืžึดืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืžึดืคึฐืชึผึทืŸ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธื™ึดืช. ื•ึผืœึฐืขึปืžึผึธืชึธืŸ ื‘ึผึทืฆึผึธืคื•ึนืŸ ืกึฐืžื•ึผื›ึดื™ื ืœึทืžึผึทืขึฒืจึธื‘, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื™ึฐื›ึธื ึฐื™ึธื”, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทืงึผึธืจึฐื‘ึผึธืŸ, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทื ึผึธืฉืึดื™ื, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทืฉึผืึดื™ืจ. ื•ึฐืœึธืžึผึธื” ื ึดืงึฐืจึธื ืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื™ึฐื›ึธื ึฐื™ึธื”, ืฉืึถื‘ึผื•ึน ื™ึธืฆึธื ื™ึฐื›ึธื ึฐื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื’ึธืœื•ึผืชื•ึน. ืฉืึถื‘ึผึทืžึผึดื–ึฐืจึธื—, ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื ึดืงึผึธื ื•ึนืจ. ื•ึผืฉืึฐื ึตื™ ืคึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธืฉืึดื™ื ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืœื•ึน, ืึถื—ึธื“ ืžึดื™ืžึดื™ื ื•ึน ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ืžึดืฉึผื‚ึฐืžึนืืœื•ึน. ื•ึผืฉืึฐื ึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึทืžึทืขึฒืจึธื‘, ืœึนื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืœึธื”ึถื ืฉืึตื:
ื•ืณ
Bartenura

ื•ืจืืฉื™ ืคืกืคืกื™ืŸ (the tops of the flag-stones in the pavement) โ€“ the tops of the beams that protrude and come out from the wall to distinguish between the Israelite Courtyard and the Priestโ€™s Courtyard.

ืžืขืœื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื (a step) โ€“ in the Israelite Courtyard.

ื•ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืืžื” โ€“ and its length was as the length of he entire Courtyard.

ื•ื”ื“ื•ื›ืŸ (platform) โ€“ of the Levites is built upon it and is made like a kind of portico/balcony, and the height of the platform is a cubit-and-a-half.

ื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœืฉ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฆื™ ื—ืฆื™ ืืžื” โ€“ that they ascend upon them to the platform.

ื›ืœ ื”ืขื–ืจื” โ€“ from the beginning of the Israelite Court until eleven cubits is a free space that was behind the House of the cover of the Holy Ark.

ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื‘ โ€“ from north to south.

ืฉืœืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ืฉืขืจื™ื โ€“ as he considers them and then moves on. And the one who states that there were seven gates in the Temple courtyard (see Tractate Middot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 4) gives the reason for the thirteen prostrations corresponding to the thirteen breaches that the Grecian kings made in the Soreg/one of the approaches of the Temple fortification, as we stated above in our Chapter (see Mishnah 3). And all of our Mishnah is explained in the first chapter [of Tractate Middot].

ื•ืจืืฉื™ ืคืกืคืกื™ืŸ. ืจืืฉื™ ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืชืœ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขื–ืจืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื:

ืžืขืœื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื. ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ:

ื•ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืืžื”. ื•ืื•ืจื›ื” ื›ืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืขื–ืจื”:

ื•ื“ื•ื›ืŸ. ืฉืœ ืœื•ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืขืฉื•ื™ ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืืฆื˜ื‘ื, ื•ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื“ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžื” ื•ื—ืฆื™:

ื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœืฉ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฆื™ ื—ืฆื™ ืืžื”. ืฉืขื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื“ื•ื›ืŸ:

ื›ืœ ื”ืขื–ืจื”. ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ืขื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ [ืื—ืจืจื™] ืื—ืช ืขืฉืจื” ืืžื” ืžืงื•ื ืคื ื•ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื—ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืคื•ืจืช:

ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื‘. ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื“ืจื•ื:

ืฉืœืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ืฉืขืจื™ื. ื›ื“ืงื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื”ื• ื•ืื–ื™ืœ. ื•ื”ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉืขืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœืขื–ืจื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื ืœืฉืœืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืœืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ืคืจืฆื•ืช ืฉืคืจืฆื• ืžืœื›ื™ ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืจื’, ื›ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืคืจืงื™ืŸ. ื•ื›ื•ืœื” ืžืชื ื™ืชื™ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช ื‘ืคืจืง ืงืžื:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Middos Perek 3 Mishnah 1

ืžื“ื•ืช ืคืจืง ื’ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ืืณ

1
The altar was thirty-two cubits by thirty-two. It rose a cubit and went in a cubit, and this formed the foundation, leaving thirty cubits by thirty. It then rose five cubits and went in one cubit, and this formed the surround, leaving twenty-eight cubits by twenty-eight. The horns extended a cubit in each direction, thus leaving twenty-six by twenty-six. A cubit on every side was allowed for the priests to go round, thus leaving twenty-four by twenty-four as the place for the wood pile [for the altar fire]. Rabbi Yose said: Originally, the complete area [occupied by the altar] was only twenty-eight cubits by twenty-eight, and it rose with the dimensions mentioned until the space left for the altar pile was only twenty by twenty. When, however, the children of the exile returned, they added four cubits on the north, and four on the west like a gamma, since it is said: โ€œNow the hearth shall be twelve cubits long by twelve broad, squareโ€ (Ezekiel 43:16). Is it possible that it was only twelve cubits by twelve? When it says, โ€œWith four equal sidesโ€ (ibid), this shows that he was measuring from the middle, twelve cubits in every direction. A line of red paint ran round it in the middle to divide between the upper and the lower blood. The foundation ran the whole length of the north and of the west sides, and it took up one cubit on the south and one on the east.
ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืชึผึทื™ึดื ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืชึผึทื™ึดื. ืขึธืœึธื” ืึทืžึผึธื” ื•ึฐื›ึธื ึทืก ืึทืžึผึธื”, ื–ึถื” ื”ึทื™ึฐืกื•ึนื“. ื ึดืžึฐืฆึธื ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื. ืขึธืœึธื” ื—ึธืžึตืฉื ื•ึฐื›ึธื ึทืก ืึทืžึผึธื”. ื–ึถื” ื”ึทืกึผื•ึนื‘ึตื‘. ื ึดืžึฐืฆึธื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ืขึทืœ ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื”. ืžึฐืงื•ึนื ื”ึทืงึผึฐืจึธื ื•ึนืช ืึทืžึผึธื” ืžึดื–ึผึถื” ื•ึฐืึทืžึผึธื” ืžึดื–ึผึถื”. ื ึดืžึฐืฆึธื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื•ึธืฉืึตืฉื ืขึทืœ ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื•ึธืฉืึตืฉื. ืžึฐืงื•ึนื ื”ึดืœึผื•ึผืšึฐ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื, ืึทืžึผึธื” ืžึดื–ึผึถื” ื•ึฐืึทืžึผึธื” ืžึดื–ึผึถื”. ื ึดืžึฐืฆึธื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืขึทืœ ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข, ืžึฐืงื•ึนื ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืจึธื›ึธื”. ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™, ืžึดืชึผึฐื—ึดืœึผึธื” ืœึนื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืึถืœึผึธื ืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ื•ึฐืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ื•ึฐืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื, ื›ึผื•ึนื ึตืก ื•ึฐืขื•ึนืœึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืžึดื“ึผึธื” ื–ื•ึน, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื ึผึดืžึฐืฆึธื ืžึฐืงื•ึนื ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืจึธื›ึธื” ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื. ื•ึผื›ึฐืฉืึถืขึธืœื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนืœึธื”, ื”ื•ึนืกึดื™ืคื•ึผ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืึทืžึผื•ึนืช ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื“ึผึธืจื•ึนื ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืึทืžึผื•ึนืช ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืจึธื‘, ื›ึผึฐืžึดื™ืŸ ื’ึผึทืžึผึธื, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืžื’), ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฒืจึดื™ืึตืœ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ืึนืจึถืšึฐ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ืจึนื—ึทื‘ ืจึธื‘ื•ึผืขึท. ื™ึธื›ื•ึนืœ ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืึถืœึผึธื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื”, ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืื•ึนืžึตืจ (ืฉื) ืึถืœ ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืขึทืช ืจึฐื‘ึธืขึธื™ื•, ืžึฐืœึทืžึผึตื“ ืฉืึถืžึผึดืŸ ื”ึธืึถืžึฐืฆึทืข ื”ื•ึผื ืžื•ึนื“ึตื“ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ื ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ืึทืžึผึธื” ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืจื•ึผื—ึท. ื•ึฐื—ื•ึผื˜ ืฉืึถืœ ืกึดืงึฐืจึธื ื—ื•ึนื’ึฐืจื•ึน ื‘ึธืึถืžึฐืฆึทืข, ืœึฐื”ึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึดื™ืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื“ึผึธืžึดื™ื ื”ึธืขึถืœึฐื™ื•ึนื ึดื™ื ืœึทื“ึผึธืžึดื™ื ื”ึทืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผื•ึนื ึดื™ื. ื•ึฐื”ึทื™ึฐืกื•ึนื“ ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึฐื”ึทืœึผึตืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืฆึผึธืคื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืจึธื‘, ื•ึฐืื•ึนื›ึตืœ ื‘ึผึทื“ึผึธืจื•ึนื ืึทืžึผึธื” ืึทื—ึทืช, ื•ึผื‘ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐืจึธื— ืึทืžึผึธื” ืึถื—ึธืช:
ืืณ
Bartenura

ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืืžื” ืขืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืืžื” โ€“ he would bring a square frame made from four boards, each board is thirty-two cubits long and the board is one cubit wide, and it is the height of the frame, and he fills it with stones, lime and pitch/tar and molten lead, and it is made into one piece of thirty-two cubits by thirty-two cubits, one cubit high. And this is the foundation/base of the altar.

ืขืœื” ืืžื” ื•ื›ื ืก ืืžื” (it rose by a cubit and drew in by a cubit โ€“ on every side) โ€“ after the foundation rose to the height of a cubit, he brings another frame whose length is the entire board is thirty cubits and a width of the board, that is the height of this frame is five cubits, and places it on the foundation/base, and fills it with stones, and lime and pitch/tar and lead like the first, and it is attached to the base and becomes one piece of thirty [cubits] by thirty cubits standing on the base/foundation. This is called the ืกื•ื‘ื‘/a sort of gallery around the altar for the priest to walk on. It is five cubits higher from the foundation. That is to say, he draws it in by a cubit, which he shortens from the base/foundation a cubit in each direction, and he goes back and a third frame, which is twenty-eight cubits by twenty-eight cubits, three cubits high, and places it in on the SOVEV, and fills it like the first, and this is the place of he the pile of wood on the altar of the Temple which is at the top of the altar. It is found the foundation/base protrudes and goes out from the SOVEV a cubit on each side, and the SOVEV protrudes from the place of the pile of wood on the altar of the Temple one cubit to each side. And afterwards, he brings a frame of one cubit by one cubit which is one cubit high and places it on the corner of the altar and fills it, and this is the corner of the altar, and similarly for the four corners.

ืžืงื•ื ื”ื™ืœื•ืš ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื โ€“ so that the Kohanim would not have to walk between the corners, but we leave one cubit free from the place of the corners and inwards for the walking of the feet of the Kohanim.

ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” โ€“ in the days of [King] Solomon.

ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืœื ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” โ€“ and they drew it in [by a cubit] and it rose [by a cubit] of he foundation/base and the SOVEV and the place of the corners and the place of the walking of the feet of the Kohanim until there remained the place of the pile of wood on the altar twenty [cubits] by twenty [cubits].

ื•ื›ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ื“' ืืžื•ืช ื•ื›ื•' โ€“ it is found that its foundation/base is thirty-two [cubits] by thirty-two [cubits], and the place of its pile of wood on the altar is twenty-four [cubits] by twenty-four [cubits].

ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจื•ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ โ€“ we have the reading. And this is what I brought in [Tractate] Zevakhim in the Chapter ืงื“ืฉื™ ืงื“ืฉื™ื/The Holy of Holies (Chapter 6, Mishnah 1 and Tosafot Tractate Zevakhim 61b s.v. ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ ).

ื›ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืžื โ€“ a Greek Gimmel which is similar to our inverted [letter] Nun. But there (i.e., Talmud Zevakhim 61b) it explains that because of the ืฉื™ืชื™ืŸ /a pit by the side of the altar into which the remainder of the libations was poured, which are the holds where the libations go down, they added to draw the altar to the south and to the west. For initially, during the days of [King] Solomon, they expounded, โ€œ[Make for me] an altar of earth [and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and your sacrifices of well-being]โ€ (Exodus 20:21), filled up with earth, so that it will not be an empty cavity, and when they would offer libations on the Altar in the southwest corner of the altar, the libations would descend from the altar to the floor and flow gently to the pit that was dug there near the the southwestern corner near the altar, and there was not within the altar. But the members of the Exiles added to the building of the altar util there was that same pit/cistern intercepting/absorbing within the altar. And they opened perforations to the top of the altar opposite it so that the libations could descend there. For they would say that drinking is is like eating, for just as eating is consuming in the altar, that is, the burned sacrifices on the altar, so too the drink, that is, the libations would be absorbed by the altar. And the Biblical verse of โ€œan altar of earthโ€ (Exodus 20:21), is expounded that it would be attached to the ground, so that they would not build it on top of rocks nor on top of cavities/caves.

ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ืืจื™ืืœ โ€“ this verse is in Ezekiel [Chapter 43, Verse 16] and he would prophesy on the measurements of the Second Temple and for the future times to come.

ื•ืืจื™ืืœ ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” โ€“ measurement of the place of the pile of wood in the altar is stated as twelve.

ืืœ ืืจื‘ืขืช ืจื‘ืขื™ื• (in the four quarters thereof) โ€“ it teaches that from its middle, he measures twelve cubits in each direction, which are twenty four [cubits] by twenty-four [cubits].

ื•ื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืกื™ืงืจื ื—ื•ื’ืจื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข (and a red line goes around it in the middle) โ€“ the red thread was made around the altar in its middle at the end of five cubits of its heigh, which is one cubit below the top part of the SOVEV.

ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืžื™ื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื โ€“ the sin offering of cattle and the burnt offering of fowl whose blood is sprinkled above from the red thread.

ืœื“ืžื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื โ€“ for all of the rest of the sacrifices whose blood is sprinkled below from the thread.

ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืืžื” ืื—ืช ื•ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืืžื” ืื•ืช โ€“ the entire altar was in the portion of Benjamin, except for one cubit on the surface of the length of the east that he would take hold of from the portion of Judah, but rather that there wasnโ€™t a cubit that was in the east on the surface of all of the east, for when that would reach the northeastern corne, it would end within a cubit of the corner, and similarly, the consumption of the southern cubit would not go over the entire face of the south, for when it would reach the southwester corner, it would end a cubit near the corner. And it was found that three corners of the altar were in the portion of Benjamin, and the only the southeastern corner was in the portion of Judah. And because when Jacob blessed Benjamin (Genesis 49:27): โ€œBenjamin is a ravenous wolf; In the morning he consumes the foe, [And in the evening he divides the spoil],โ€ and we translate into Aramaic: โ€œAnd in his lodging the Holy [Temple] will dwell,โ€ something that is sanctified monetarily will not be other than in the portion of Benjamin, therefore, they did not make the foundation to the altar in the southeastern corner, because that of a tearer was not in his portion (see Talmud Zevakhim 53b), and money, and money would not be given to the tribe in that corner. But when they made the square framework for the base to fill it with stones, and lime and pitch/tar and lead as we stated, they would put wood or every kind of thing in that southeastern corner so that the corner would not fill up, and afterwards they would detach the wood and this corner would remain empty without a foundation. And because of this, it is called, the middle of the Altar SOVEV, because it surrounds and goes around all of the corners, which is not the case with the foundation/base.

ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืืžื” ืขืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืืžื”. ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืก ืžืจื•ื‘ืข ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืืจื‘ืข ืงืจืฉื™ื, ื›ืœ ืงืจืฉ ืืจื›ื• ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืืžื•ืช, ื•ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ืงืจืฉ ืืžื” ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ื”ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืคื•ืก, ื•ืžืžืœืื• ืื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื“ ื•ื–ืคืช ื•ืขื•ืคืจืช ืžื”ื•ืชืš ื•ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืžืงืฉื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืืžื” ืขืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืืžื”. ื•ื–ื”ื• ื™ืกื•ื“:

ืขืœื” ืืžื” ื•ื›ื ืก ืืžื”. ืื—ืจ ืฉืขืœื” ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ืืžื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืก ืื—ืจ ืฉืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืงืจืฉ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืืžื” ื•ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ืงืจืฉ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื’ื‘ื”ื• ืฉืœ ื“ืคื•ืก ื–ื” ื—ืžืฉ ืืžื•ืช, ื•ื ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“, ื•ืžืžืœืื• ืื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื“ ื•ื–ืคืช ื•ืขื•ืคืจืช ื›ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืžืงืฉื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืืžื” ืขืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“. ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืกื•ื‘ื‘. ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื—ืžืฉ ืืžื•ืช. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื ืก ืืžื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชืงืฆืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืจื•ื—. ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืก ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืืžื” ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืืžื”, ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืœืฉ ืืžื•ืช, ื•ื ื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื‘ื‘, ื•ืžืžืœืื• ื›ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืืฉื• ืฉืœ ืžื–ื‘ื—. ื ืžืฆื ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื•ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืฆื“, ื•ื”ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ืžืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืžืขืจื›ื” ืืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืฆื“. ื•ืื—ืดื› ืžื‘ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืก ืืžื” ืขืœ ืืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืืžื” ื•ื ื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื–ื•ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื•ืžืžืœืื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—. ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืืจื‘ืข ื–ื•ื™ื•ืช:

ืžืงื•ื ื”ืœื•ืš ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื. ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืœืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ืŸ ืืžื” ืคื ื•ื™ ืžืžืงื•ื ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช ื•ืœืคื ื™ื ืœื”ืœื•ืš ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื:

ืžืชื—ื™ืœื”. ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœืžื”:

ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืœื ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื”. ื•ื›ื•ื ืก ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื•ืžืงื•ื ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช ื•ืžืงื•ื ื”ืœื•ืš ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ืขืฉืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื:

ื•ื›ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ื“ืณ ืืžื•ืช ื•ื›ื•ืณ ื ืžืฆื ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื, ื•ืžืงื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืชื• ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข:

ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจื•ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื‘. ื’ืจืกื™ื ืŸ. ื•ื”ื›ื™ ืžื™ื™ืชื™ ืœื” ื‘ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืคืจืง ืงื“ืฉื™ ืงื“ืฉื™ื:

ื›ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืžื. ื’ื™ืžืœ ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืžื™ืŸ ื ื•ืดืŸ ื”ืคื•ื›ื” ืฉืœื ื•. ื•ื”ืชื ืžืคืจืฉ ื“ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ืชื™ืŸ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื ืงื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืจื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื ืกื›ื™ื, ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืœืžืฉื•ืš ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืœื“ืจื•ื ื•ืœืžืขืจื‘. ื“ืžืขื™ืงืจื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœืžื”, ื“ืจืฉื•, ืžื–ื‘ื— ืื“ืžื”, ืื˜ื•ื ื›ืื“ืžื” ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ื—ืœื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื ืกื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื‘ืงืจืŸ ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื• ื”ื ืกื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืœืจืฆืคื” ื•ืฉื•ืชืชื™ื ืœื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ืจื•ื™ ืฉื ืืฆืœ ืงืจืŸ ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืกืžื•ืš ืœืžื–ื‘ื—, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—. ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ืจ ืงืœื•ื˜ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—, ื•ืคืชื—ื• ื ืงื‘ื™ื ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื›ื ื’ื“ื• ืœื™ืจื“ ืฉื ื”ื ืกื›ื™ื. ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืชื™ื” ื›ืื›ื™ืœื”, ืžื” ืื›ื™ืœื” ืžืชืขื›ืœืช ื‘ืžื–ื‘ื—, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืจืคื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžื–ื‘ื—, ืืฃ ืฉืชื™ื” ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื ืกื›ื™ื ืชื‘ืœืข ื‘ืžื–ื‘ื—. ื•ืงืจื ื“ืžื–ื‘ื— ืื“ืžื”, ื“ืจืฉื™ ืœื™ื” ืฉื™ื”ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื“ืžื”, ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื ื ื• ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื›ื™ืคื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžื—ื™ืœื•ืช:

ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ืืจื™ืืœ. ืžืงืจื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ (ืžืดื’) ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืชื ื‘ื ืขืœ ืžื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ ื•ืฉืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื:

ื•ื”ืืจื™ืืœ ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื”. ืžื“ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ืงืืžืจ ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื”:

ืืœ ืืจื‘ืขืช ืจื‘ืขื™ื•. ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืžืืžืฆืขื™ืชื• ืžื•ื“ื“ ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืจื•ื—, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข:

ื•ื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืกื™ืงืจื ื—ื•ื’ืจื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข. ื—ื•ื˜ ืื“ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื‘ืืžืฆืขื• ืœืกื•ืฃ ื—ืžืฉ ืืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื‘ื”ื•, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืžื” ืื—ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ืžืขืœื™ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืกื•ื‘ื‘:

ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืžื™ื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื. ื—ื˜ืืช ื‘ื”ืžื” ื•ืขื•ืœืช ื”ืขื•ืฃ ืฉื“ืžืŸ ื ื–ืจืง ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืกื™ืงืจื:

ืœื“ืžื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื. ืœื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื–ืจื™ืงืช ื“ืžืŸ ืœืžื˜ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ื˜:

ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืืžื” ืื—ืช ื›ื•ืณ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื›ื•ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืืžื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืื•ืจืš ื”ื“ืจื•ื ื•ืืžื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืื•ืจืš ื”ืžื–ืจื— ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชื•ืคืก ืžื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืืœื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืืžื” ืฉื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื—, ืฉื›ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœืงืจืŸ ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืฆืคื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืืžื” ืœืงืจืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืืžื” ื”ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื”ืœื›ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื•ื, ืฉื›ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœืงืจืŸ ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืœื” ืกืžื•ืš ืœืงืจืŸ ืืžื”. ื•ื ืžืฆืื• ืฉืœืฉ ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื•ืงืจืŸ ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”. ื•ืœืคื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืจืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืื‘ ื™ื˜ืจืฃ ื‘ื‘ืงืจ ื™ืื›ืœ ืขื“ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžืดื˜:ื›ืดื–) ื•ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ื ืŸ ื•ื‘ืื—ืกื ืชื™ื” ื™ืชื‘ื ื™ ืžืงื“ืฉื, ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื“ืžื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืœื ืขืฉื• ื™ืกื•ื“ ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื‘ืงืจืŸ ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ืœืคื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ืจืฃ, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื“ืžื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืงืจืŸ. ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื“ืคื•ืก ืžืจื•ื‘ืข ืœื™ืกื•ื“ ืœืžืœืื•ืชื• ืื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื“ ื•ื–ืคืช ื•ืขื•ืคืจืช ื›ื“ืืžืจืŸ, ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉื™ืžื™ื ืขืฅ ืื• ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ื•ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชืชืžืœื ื”ื–ื•ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ื, ื•ืื—ืดื› ืฉื•ืžื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฅ ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืื•ืชื• ืงืจืŸ ืคื ื•ื™ ื‘ืœื™ ื™ืกื•ื“. ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ืกื•ื‘ื‘, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื™ืฃ ื•ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช, ืžืฉืืดื› ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“:

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