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Mishnayos Niddah Perek 9 Mishnah 2

נדה פרק ט׳ משנה ב׳

2

In the case of a man and a woman who urinated into a basin [hasefel], and blood is found on the water in the basin, Rabbi Yosei deems her ritually pure. Even when it is clear that it is the blood of a woman who urinated, and there is only one uncertainty, Rabbi Yosei deems her ritually pure. In this case, there is a compound uncertainty: Did the blood originate with the man or with the woman, and did the blood come from the uterus or from a wound? And Rabbi Shimon deems her ritually impure, because there is only one uncertainty, as it is not the typical manner of the man to discharge blood with his urine; rather, the presumptive status of the blood is that it was discharged from the woman.

אִישׁ וְאִשָּׁה שֶׁעָשׂוּ צְרָכֵיהֶן לְתוֹךְ הַסֵּפֶל וְנִמְצָא דָם עַל הַמַּיִם, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי מְטַהֵר. וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מְטַמֵּא, שֶׁאֵין דֶּרֶךְ הָאִישׁ לְהוֹצִיא דָם, אֶלָּא שֶׁחֶזְקַת דָּמִים מִן הָאִשָּׁה:

ב׳
Bartenura

שעשו צרכיהם – that they urinated.

רבי יוסי מטהר – for even for a woman alone for which there is only one doubt, that is the doubt of whether it (i.e., the blood) comes from the interior of the womb or whether it comes from the place of the urine, Rabbi Yossi declares her pure above (see previous Mishnah), and all the more so if here if it comes from a man. But the Tanna/teacher here does not repeat that Rabbi Yossi declares her pure but rather to teach us from an extraneous Mishnah that even ab initio, Rabbi Yossi declares pure a woman who performed her needs (i.e., urination) and saw blood, that she should occupy herself in purity, and not state specifically that post-facto Rabbi Yossi declares her to maintain her purity that she was engaged with, but ab initio we state that she is not occupied in purity, this comes to teach us that the opposite is true.

ר' שמעון מטמא – even here where there is a compound uncertainty, as the reason is taught.

שחזקת דמים מן האשה – and above (i.e., in the previous Mishnah), we determined that the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yossi who declares her to be pure with one doubt, and all the more so here when there is a compound uncertainty.

שעשו צרכיהן. הטילו מי רגלים:

רבי יוסי מטהר. דהא אפילו באשה גרידתא דליכא אלא חדא ספיקא, ספק בא מן המקור, ספק בא ממקום מי רגלים, מטהר רבי יוסי לעיל, וכל שכן הכא דדילמא מאיש אתי. ולא הדר תנא הכא רבי יוסי מטהר, אלא לאשמועינן ממשנה יתירתא דאפילו לכתחילה מטהר ר׳ יוסי לאשה שעושה צרכיה וראתה דם, שתתעסק בטהרות. דלא תימא דוקא דיעבד מטהר ר׳ יוסי טהרות שנתעסקה בהן, אבל לכתחילה לא אמרינן לה שתתעסק, קמשמע לן:

ור׳ שמעון מטמא. אפילו הכא דאיכא ספק ספיקא, כדקתני טעמא:

שחזקת דמים מן האשה. ולעיל פסקינן הלכה כר׳ יוסי דמטהר ואפילו בחד ספיקא, כל שכן הכא דאיכא תרתי: