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Mishnayos Niddah Perek 3 Mishnah 3

נדה פרק ג׳ משנה ג׳

3

A woman who discharges a gestational sac full of fluid, full of blood, or full of different colors need not be concerned that it was an offspring. But if the sac was one in which tissue developed, her halakhic status is that of a woman after childbirth. Since the sex of the embryo is unknown, the woman observes the strictures of a woman who gave birth both to a male and to a female; she is impure for fourteen days like a woman who gave birth to a female, but blood that she sees thereafter is pure only until forty days after birth, like a woman who gave birth to a male.

הַמַּפֶּלֶת שְׁפִיר מָלֵא מַיִם, מָלֵא דָם, מָלֵא גְנוּנִים, אֵינָהּ חוֹשֶׁשֶׁת לְוָלָד. וְאִם הָיָה מְרֻקָּם, תֵּשֵׁב לְזָכָר וְלִנְקֵבָה:

ג׳
Bartenura

שפיר (sac of a fetus) – a piece of flesh. If it has the form of a human being, it is called a fetus having an articulated shape. But I heard that it is like an egg-shell, therefore it is called a sac.

מלא גנינים ( see Tractate Niddah 24b) – [an abortion consisting of] a bag full of many-colored substance. Another explanation: גנינים are worms, that the piece of flesh is cut into many thin pieces similar worms.

אינה חוששת לולד – she is not defiled by giving birth. But if there is no blood with them, she should not worry even because of being a menstruating woman.

תשב לזכר ונקבה impure for two weeks like a woman who gives birth to a female. But she doesn’t have blood of purity (i.e., vaginal bleeding experienced by a woman from eight to forty days after giving birth to a boy and from fifteen to eighty days after giving birth to a girl), other than thirty-three days like a woman who gives birth to a male, for since it is not known/recognized if it is a male or a female, we place upon her the stringencies of the male and the stringencies of a female.

שפיר. חתיכה של בשר. ואם יש בה צורת אדם נקרא שפיר מרוקם. ואני שמעתי שהוא כשפופרת של ביצה, לפיכך נקרא שפיר:

מלא גנינים. מלא גוונים הרבה. פירוש אחר, גנינים, תולעים, שחתיכת הבשר חתוכה חתיכות דקות כעין תולעים:

אינה חוששת לולד. ואינה טמאה לידה. ואם אין עמהן דם, אינה חוששת אפילו משום נדה:

תשב לזכר ולנקבה. טמאה שבועים כיולדת נקבה, ואין לה דם טוהר אלא שלשים ושלשה ימים כיולדת זכר. הואיל ואינו ניכר אם זכר אם נקבה, נותנים עליו חומרי זכר וחומרי נקבה: