Let's finish Mishnayos in memory of those who were murdered in Israel.
Pledge Mishnayos
Mishnah.org Logo

Mishnayos Menachos Perek 8 Mishnah 6

מנחות פרק ח׳ משנה ו׳

6

From where would they bring the wine for libations? Keduḥim and Attulin are the primary sources for wine. Secondary to them is Beit Rima and Beit Lavan, located in the mountain, and the village of Signa, located in the valley. All the regions were valid sources for wine; but it was from here, i.e., the aforementioned locations, that they would bring the wine. One may not bring libations of wine that come from a fertilized vineyard, or from an irrigated vineyard, or from a vineyard in which grain was sown between the vines. But if one did bring a libation from such wine, it is valid. One may not bring libations from sweet wine made from sun-dried grapes [hilyasteyon], but if one did bring a libation from such wine, it is valid. One may not bring wine aged for one year; this is the statement of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi, but the Rabbis deem it valid. One may not bring libations from sweet wine, nor from wine produced from smoked grapes, nor libations from boiled wine, and if one did bring a libation from such wine, it is not valid. And one may not bring wine produced from grapes suspended on stakes or trees; rather, one brings it from grapes at foot height, i.e., that rest on the ground, which are superior-quality grapes, and from vineyards that are cultivated, i.e., where one hoes beneath the vines twice a year.

וּמִנַּיִן הָיוּ מְבִיאִין אֶת הַיַּיִן. קְרוּתִים וְהַטּוּלִים, אַלְפָא לַיָּיִן. שְׁנִיָּה לָהֶן, בֵּית רִמָּה וּבֵית לָבָן בָּהָר, וּכְפַר סִגְנָה בַבִּקְעָה. כָּל הָאֲרָצוֹת הָיוּ כְשֵׁרוֹת, אֶלָּא מִכָּאן הָיוּ מְבִיאִין. אֵין מְבִיאִין, לֹא מִבֵּית הַזְּבָלִים, וְלֹא מִבֵּית הַשְּׁלָחִין, וְלֹא מִמַּה שֶּׁנִּזְרַע בֵּינֵיהֶן. וְאִם הֵבִיא, כָּשֵׁר. אֵין מְבִיאִין אִלְיוּסְטָן. וְאִם הֵבִיא, כָּשֵׁר. אֵין מְבִיאִין יָשָׁן, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי. וַחֲכָמִים מַכְשִׁירִין. אֵין מְבִיאִין, לֹא מָתוֹק, וְלֹא מְעֻשָּׁן, וְלֹא מְבֻשָּׁל. וְאִם הֵבִיא, פָּסוּל. אֵין מְבִיאִין מִן הַדָּלִיּוֹת, אֶלָּא מִן הָרוֹגְלִיּוֹת וּמִן הַכְּרָמִים הָעֲבוּדִים:

ו׳
Bartenura

קרותים והטולים – they are the names of places (in Judea; in the actual Talmud text of Talmud Menahot 86b, they are called קרוחים ועטולין and some have a reading of חטולין for the second location).

אליוסטן – sweet wine on account of the sun, for the grapes were suspended in the sun to sweeten them. Sun in the Greek language is יוסטן/Yostan [but in the Mishnah itself, it is called אליסטון ; in the Talmud (ibid.), it is called הליסטיון].

יין ישן – that twelve months have passed upon it, its redness/reddish color passes, and in Sceripture it states (Proverbs 23:31): “Do not ogle that red wine [as it lends its color to the cup],” so we see, at the time that it is reddish, it is choice [wine].

לא מתוק – when it is sweet on account of itself, for if it were on account of the sun, the first clause [of the Mishnah] would teach that if he brought אליוסטן /Elyostan, it would be kosher/fit (whereas it is only the de facto position where it is kosher according to the earlier passage in the Mishnah). Another explanation: wine that did not pass over it forty days, but the first [explanation] is essential.

מן הדליות (from branches of the vine trained to an espalier) – from the grape-vines that are suspended on top of beams of the loom and reeds that are high off the ground.

אלא מן הרגליות (grapes growing in a row on isolated vines) – from grape-vines that lie on the ground between the feet of people that are not trained to an espalier.

העבודים – that are tended to twice a year. That they did around the grape-vines to turn over the ground soil that are in their roots and make indentations/holes there to water them, and this is their being tended to.

קרותים והטולים. שם מקומות הם:

אליוסטן. יין מתוק מחמת השמש, שתלו הענבים בשמש למתקן. שמש בלשון יון יוסטן:

יין ישן. שעברו עליו שנים עשר חודש, עובר אדמימותו, והכתוב אומר (משלי כ״ג:ל״א) אל תרא יין כי יתאדם, אלמא בשעת אדמימותו מובחר הוא:

לא מתוק. כשהוא מתוק מחמת עצמו. דאילו מחמת שמש, הא תנא רישא אליוסטן אם הביא כשר. פירוש אחר, תירוש שלא עברו עליו ארבעים יום. וראשון עיקר:

מן הדליות. מן הגפנים המודלות על גבי כלונסות וקנים גבוהים מן הארץ:

אלא מן הרגליות. מגפנים ששוכבות על גבי קרקע בין רגלי בני האדם שאינן מודלות:

העבודים. שנעבדו שתי פעמים בשנה. שחופרים סביבות הגפנים להפך בקרקע שבשרשיהן ועושין בהן גומות להשקותן, וזו היא עבודתן: