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Mishnayos Menachos Perek 7 Mishnah 2

מנחות פרק ז׳ משנה ב׳

2

The loaves that accompanied the ram of the inauguration of the Tabernacle would come parallel to the three types of matza that accompany the thanks offering: Loaves, wafers, and loaves poached in water and made with oil (see Leviticus 8:26). The loaves of leavened bread that accompany the thanks offering were not brought with the ram of inauguration. The loaves that accompany the offering that the nazirite brings upon completion of his period of naziriteship would come with only two parts of the three types of matza that accompany the thanks offering, namely, loaves and wafers, but there is no matza poached in water (see Numbers 6:15). Consequently, the loaves of the offering of a nazirite are from ten kav of fine flour according to the Jerusalem measure, as taught in the previous mishna that each type of the loaves of matza comes from five kav of flour, which equal six-and-two-thirds tenths of an ephah according to the wilderness measure, as each type of the loaves of matza comes from three-and-one-third tenths of an ephah. From all of the four types of loaves accompanying the thanks offering, one takes one loaf from each set of ten as teruma, to be given to a priest, as it is stated: “And he shall present from it one of each offering as a teruma unto the Lord; to the priest that sprinkles the blood of the peace offerings against the altar it shall be given” (Leviticus 7:14). The verse is analyzed: “One” indicates that one should not take a sliced loaf; “of each offering” indicates that all the offerings should be equal, i.e., that one should not take a loaf from one type of offering for another type; “to the priest that sprinkles the blood of the peace offerings against the altar it shall be given,” and the rest of the loaves are eaten by the owner.

הַמִּלּוּאִים הָיוּ בָאִים כַּמַּצָּה שֶׁבַּתּוֹדָה, חַלּוֹת וּרְקִיקִים וּרְבוּכָה. הַנְּזִירוּת הָיְתָה בָאָה שְׁתֵּי יָדוֹת בַּמַּצָּה שֶׁבַּתּוֹדָה, חַלּוֹת וּרְקִיקִים, וְאֵין בָּהּ רְבוּכָה, נִמְצְאוּ עֲשָׂרָה קַבִּים יְרוּשַׁלְמִיּוֹת, שֶׁהֵן שִׁשָּׁה עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת וַעֲדוּיָן. וּמִכֻּלָּן הָיָה נוֹטֵל אֶחָד מֵעֲשָׂרָה תְּרוּמָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא ז), וְהִקְרִיב מִמֶּנּוּ אֶחָד מִכָּל קָרְבָּן תְּרוּמָה לַה'. אֶחָד, שֶׁלֹּא יִטֹּל פָּרוּס. מִכָּל קָרְבָּן, שֶׁיְּהוּ כָל הַקָּרְבָּנוֹת שָׁוִין, וְשֶׁלֹּא יִטֹּל מִקָּרְבָּן לַחֲבֵרוֹ. לַכֹּהֵן הַזֹּרֵק אֶת דַּם הַשְּׁלָמִים לוֹ יִהְיֶה, וְהַשְּׁאָר נֶאֱכָל לַבְּעָלִים:

ב׳
Bartenura

המלואים – that were in the days of Moses when Aaron and his sons were inaugurated/dedicated into the priesthood.

היו באים כמצה שבתודה חלות ורקיקים ורבוכה – as it is written in the inauguration (Leviticus 8:26): “From the basket of unleavened bread that was before the LORD, he took one cake of unleavened bread, one cake of oil bread, and one wafer, [and placed them on the fat parts and on the right thigh],” one cake of unleavened bread – these are the loaves, and the one cake of oil bread – this is the pulp of flour mixed with hot water and oil that they add into it oil corresponding to the loaves and the wafers. And the wafer is the wafter.

נזירות – the loaves of the Nazirite, as it is stated (Numbers 6:15): “a basked of unleavened cakes of choice flour with oil mixed in, and unleavened wafters spread with oil; [and the proper grain offerings and libations],” but the pulp of flour mixed with oil and water is not mentioned there.

שתי ידות – two parts of kinds of unleavened bread that are in the thanksgiving offering they were in the Nazirite offering, as it is explained further on.

נמצאו – for the Nazirite.

עשר קבין – that behold with the three kinds of unleavened bread that were associated with the thanksgiving offering, they were fifteen Kab, and they were ten [Kab] which were two thirds of the fifteen [for the Nazirite’s offering].

שהן שש עשרונות ועדוין – that is to say, more that was added to them, for there were three Issarons and one-third of each kind, as it was stated above concerning the unleavened bread that is in the thanksgiving offering, it is found that two kinds are six Issarons and two-thirds of an Issaron, which are as we state six Issaron and something left over.

ומכולן – from all of the four kinds that are in the thanksgiving offering, the Kohanim would take one from ten as a heave-offering.

שלא יטול פרוס – broken and cut into.

שיהיה כל הקרבנות שוין – the kinds will be equivalent, ten loaves for each kind [of animal].

שלא יטול תרומה מקרבן על חבירו – that if there was five [loaves] from this kind [of animal] and fifteen [loaves] from that kind of animal, it is found that he would separate from this one for that one.

המלואים. שהיו בימי משה. כשנתחנך אהרן ובניו לכהונה:

היו באים כמצה שבתודה חלות ורקיקים ורבוכה. דכתיב במלואים (שם ח׳) ומסל המצות אשר לפני ה׳ לקח חלת מצה אחת וחלת לחם שמן אחת ורקיק אחד, חלת מצה אלו חלות, וחלת לחם שמן זו רבוכה דמוסיף בה שמן כנגד חלות ורקיקים, ורקיק זה רקיק:

נזירות. לחמי נזיר, שנאמר (במדבר ו׳:ט״ו) וסל מצות סולת חלות בלולות בשמן ורקיקי מצות משוחים בשמן. ורבוכה לא הוזכר שם:

שני ידות. שני חלקים של מיני מצה שבתודה היו בנזירות, וכדמפרש ואזיל:

נמצאו. לנזירות:

עשר קבין. שהרי בשלשה מיני מצה שבתודה היו חמשה עשר קבין, והוי להו עשרה שני ידות של חמשה עשר:

שהן שש עשרונות ועדוין. כלומר, עוד שנוסף עליהן. שהרי היו שלשה עשרונים ושליש לכל מין כדאמרן לעיל גבי מצה שבתודה, נמצא לשני מינים שש עשרונות ושני שלישי עשרון, והיינו דקאמר שש עשרונות ועדוין:

ומכולן. מכל ארבעה מינים שבתודה היו הכהנים נוטלים אחד מעשרה תרומה:

שלא יטול פרוס. שבור וחתוך:

שיהיו כל הקרבנות שוין. המינים יהו שוין, עשרה חלות לכל מין:

שלא יטול תרומה מקרבן על חבירו. שאם היה ממין זה חמשה וממין זה חמשה עשר, נמצא מפריש מזה על זה: