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Perek 4

Mishnayos Meilah Perek 4 Mishnah 4

מעילה פרק ד׳ משנה ד׳

4
Sacrificial meat that is piggul and sacrificial meat that is notar do not join together to constitute the requisite measure of an olive-bulk, due to the fact that they belong to two separate categories of prohibition. The flesh of the carcass of the creeping animal and the flesh of the animal carcass, and likewise the flesh of the animal carcass and the flesh of the corpse, do not join together to transmit ritual impurity, not even for the more lenient of the two impurities, i.e., the impurity that requires the greater measure. The food that became ritually impure through contact with a primary source of ritual impurity, thereby assuming first-degree ritual impurity, and the food that became ritually impure through contact with a secondary source of ritual impurity, thereby assuming second-degree ritual impurity, join together to constitute the requisite measure of an egg-bulk to transmit impurity in accordance with the more lenient of the two, i.e., second-degree ritual impurity.

הַפִּגּוּל וְהַנּוֹתָר אֵין מִצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם שְׁנֵי שֵׁמוֹת. הַשֶּׁרֶץ וְהַנְּבֵלָה, וְכֵן הַנְּבֵלָה וּבְשַׂר הַמֵּת, אֵין מִצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה לְטַמֵּא אֲפִלּוּ כַקַּל שֶׁבִּשְׁנֵיהֶם. הָאֹכֶל שֶׁנִּטְמָא בְאַב הַטֻּמְאָה וְשֶׁנִּטְמָא בִוְלַד הַטֻּמְאָה, מִצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה לְטַמֵּא כַקַּל שֶׁבִּשְׁנֵיהֶם:

ד׳

שני שמות (two categories) – two separate negative commandments.

בקל שבשניהם (the lesser of the two of them)- that is to say, it combines for [ritual] defilement even with the lesser requisite measurement, as for example, that it would combine for less than the equivalent of a lentil’s bulk of a creeping reptile to complete the equivalent of an olive’s bulk of a carrion, and all the more so, that it would not combine to the requisite greater measurement. And similar, half of an olive’s bulk of a dead corpse does not combine to a half of an olive’s bulk of carrion to become impure, even for the impurity until evening.

אוכל שנטמא באב – this is the offspring of a first degree of uncleanness.

שנטמא בולד הטומאה – this is the offspring of second degree of uncleanness.

מצטרפין זה עם זה – to the equivalent of an egg’s bulk, which is the measurement of impurity for foodstuffs.

לטמא בקל שבשניהם – to become third-degree [of uncleanness] in the manner that the second [degree of uncleanness] becomes third [degree of uncleanness], which is the lesser of the two of them. But it does not combine to that which would become second [degree of uncleanness] like it makes the first [degree of uncleanness] become second [degree of uncleanness], for if so, it was like the greater/more stringent of the two of them.

שני שמות. שני לאוין חלוקין:

כקל שבשניהם. כלומר, דלא מצטרף לטומאה אפילו לשיעור קל, כגון שיצטרף פחות מכעדשה דשרץ להשלים כזית דנבילה, וכל שכן דלא מצטרף לשיעור חמור. וכן חצי זית של מת אין מצטרף לחצי זית של נבילה לטמא אפילו לטומאת ערב:

האוכל שנטמא באב. זהו ולד ראשון:

ושנטמא בולד. הטומאה. זהו ולד שני:

מצטרפין זה עם זה. לכביצה, שהיא שיעור טומאת אוכלין:

לטמא כקל שבשניהם. לעשות שלישי כדרך השני לעשות שלישי, והיינו כקל שבשניהם. אבל אין מצטרפין להכי שיעשו שני כמו שעושה ראשון שני, דא״כ היה כחמור שבשניהם: