Mishnayos Kilayim Perek 1 Mishnah 1

החטין והזונין (wheat and weed growing among wheat, darnel or rye-grass) – we call it ZIYUAN in Arabic.

אינן כלאים זה בזה – because when the generation of the Flood perverted their way, the land became degenerate in his produce for they (i.e., the people) would sow wheat and it would produce weeds, therefore, they were not the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants with the wheat. But with the rest of the kinds of grain, they would be the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants, and even though that it wasn’t appropriate for human consumption, nevertheless, since they bring it from place to place for the consumption of doves, they were the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field (i.e., כלאים).

השעורים ושבולת שועל – all that is taught in this Mishnah, pair by pair are not the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field with each other, [but] one from this pair and one from that pair are the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field with each other. And that which we stated in [Tractate] Menahot [9a] that the spelt is a species of wheat and rye is a species of barley, these words, as regards Hallah that combine one with the other for the measurement of Hallah, but concerning the issue of the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants, they would be the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants with each other.

ושבולת שועל – desert barley and in the foreign tongue, OYNAH.

כוסמין (spelt) – In the foreign tongue ASPILTAH.

שיפון (rye; some say oats) – in the foreign tongue, SIGLAH, but because spelt and rye [or oats] are similar to each other they are not the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field with each other.

והספיר (name of a species of beans) – there are those who say that it is TZITZERKALA in the foreign tongue. But Maimonides explained that we call it MA’AS in Arabic.

הפורקדן (species of peas) – Maimonides explained that it is thin seed that we call GILBAN In Arabic.

וטופח (bean) – it is a small legume whose berries are round and we call it KORTEMAN, but I heard that טופח is what they call GILBAN (i.e., a species of bean/pea).

והשעועית (species of bean, kidney-bean) we call it LOBIAH in Arabic.

אינם כלאים זה בזה- if he sowed each of them with its partner.