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Mishnayos Eruvin Perek 4 Mishnah 7

עירובין פרק ד׳ משנה ז׳

7

With regard to one who was coming along the way on Shabbat eve, and it grew dark while he was traveling, and he was familiar with a tree or a fence located two thousand cubits from his current location, and two thousand cubits from his house, and he said: My residence is beneath that tree, rather than in his present location, he has not said anything, as he did not establish a fixed location as his residence. If, however, he said: My residence is at the tree’s trunk, he acquired residence there, and he may therefore walk from the place he is standing to the trunk of the tree two thousand cubits away, and from the trunk of the tree to his house, an additional two thousand cubits. Consequently, he walks after nightfall a total of four thousand cubits.

מִי שֶׁבָּא בַדֶּרֶךְ וְחָשְׁכָה לוֹ, וְהָיָה מַכִּיר אִילָן אוֹ גָדֵר, וְאָמַר, שְׁבִיתָתִי תַחְתָּיו, לֹא אָמַר כְּלוּם. שְׁבִיתָתִי בְעִקָּרוֹ, מְהַלֵּךְ מִמְּקוֹם רַגְלָיו וְעַד עִקָּרוֹ אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה, וּמֵעִקָּרוֹ וְעַד בֵּיתוֹ אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה. נִמְצָא מְהַלֵּךְ מִשֶּׁחֲשֵׁכָה אַרְבַּעַת אֲלָפִים אַמָּה:

ז׳
Bartenura

והיה מכיר אילן או גדר – that he is able to arrive there prior to it getting dark, but that he is tired and wants to rest in his place.

לא אמר כלום – since he did not specify which four cubits he chose for himself from under the tree it is not a Sabbath resting place, and he has nothing other than the four cubits where he is, for he did not acquire a Sabbath resting place in his location since he uprooted his mind from making a Sabbath resting place here and also under the tree, he did not acquire a Sabbath resting place but these words apply when there are eight cubits or more underneath the tree for it would be possible to state that he chose this side or that he chose that side and there wouldn’t be a conclusion, but seven cubits, by force, part of his home would be recognized with the middle cubit, for it is impossible that he did not specify/verify, for if it was the middle of the tree, he specified four cubits, they are part of that, or if it were from one side or the other side, it is part of them, therefore, he acquired there [a Sabbath resting place].

אמר שביתתי בעיקרו – for since he concluded his place of that Sabbath resting place, he acquires for himself two thousand [cubits] to the side of his feet and two thousand [cubits] to the side of his house.

והיה מכיר אילן או גדר. שיכול להגיע שם קודם שתחשך, אלא שהוא עיף ורוצה לנוח במקומו:

לא אמר כלום. הואיל ולא פירש איזה ד״א בחר לו מתחתיו של אילן, לאו שביתה היא ואין לו אלא ד״א במקום שהוא שם, שהרי לא קנה שביתה במקומו כיון שעקר דעתו מלשבות כאן, ותחת האילן נמי לא קנה שביתה. והני מילי כשיש תחתיו של אילן ח׳ אמות או יותר, דאיכא למימר דהאי גיסא בחר או דהאי גיסא בחר ולא הוי סיום, אבל ז׳ אמות על כרחך מקצת ביתו ניכר באמה אמצעית דא״א שלא בררה, דאי באמצע האילן בירר לו ד״א הרי היא מהן, ואי מהאי גיסא או מהאי גיסא הרי היא מהן, הלכך קנה שם [שביתה]:

אמר שביתתי בעיקרו. הואיל וסיים מקומו, אותה שביתה קונה לו אלפים לצד רגליו ואלפים לצד ביתו: