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Perek 3

Mishnayos Chagigah Perek 3 Mishnah 7

חגיגה פרק ג׳ משנה ז׳

7
In the case of one who opens his barrel of wine for public sale, and similarly one who starts selling his dough during the time of the pilgrimage Festival, and these items perforce come into contact with amei ha’aretz, Rabbi Yehuda says: Since the food was pure, despite its contact with amei ha’aretz, when he began selling it, he may finish selling it in a state of purity even after the Festival, and there is no concern about the contact that has been made by amei ha’aretz during the Festival. But the Rabbis say: He may not finish selling it. Once the pilgrimage Festival has passed by, the priests pass all the vessels of the Temple courtyard through a process of purification, since they were touched by am ha’aretz priests during the Festival. If the Festival passed by into a Friday, i.e., if the Festival ended on Thursday night, they would not pass the vessels through the purification process on that day, due to the honor of Shabbat, in order to give the priests time to prepare the requirements of Shabbat. Rabbi Yehuda says: They do not even purify them on Thursday, in the event that the Festival ended on Wednesday night, because the priests are not free to do so.
הַפּוֹתֵחַ אֶת חָבִיתוֹ, וְהַמַּתְחִיל בְּעִסָּתוֹ עַל גַּב הָרֶגֶל, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, יִגְמֹר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, לֹא יִגְמֹר. מִשֶּׁעָבַר הָרֶגֶל, הָיוּ מַעֲבִירִין עַל טָהֳרַת עֲזָרָה. עָבַר הָרֶגֶל בְּיוֹם שִׁשִּׁי, לֹא הָיוּ מַעֲבִירִין, מִפְּנֵי כְבוֹד הַשַּׁבָּת. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף לֹא בְיוֹם חֲמִישִׁי, שֶׁאֵין הַכֹּהֲנִים פְּנוּיִין:
ז׳

הפותח את חביתו – a Haver/someone punctilious in the observance of laws of Levitical cleanness who opened his jar/cask to sell wine in Jerusalem during the Festival (i.e., the Intermediate Days), and those who service him are ignoramuses.

לא יגמור – [he should not complete it] after the Festival, for even though at the time of the Festival, they were ritually pure, their being in a state of ritual purity is not forever, but at the time of the Festival, everyone is punctilious in the observance of the laws of Levitical cleanness but after the festival, they are retroactively ritually impure, as we state in our Mishnah, that after the Festival, they would immerse the utensils of the Courtyard, for ignoramuses had come in contact with them during the Festival. But Rabbi Yehuda who said that he should finish [to sell what was left over], for he held that if one said that he could not finish, he would not have even begun, and there wouldn’t be food for those who came up on Festival pilgrimage, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

מעבירין על טהרת עזרה – they remove the utensils from their places, to ritually immerse them and to purify the Courtyard from the impurities of the ignoramuses who touched them during the Festival.

מפני כבוד שבת – for the Kohanim/priests had to engage in the needs of [preparation for] the Sabbath – each person and his household.

אף לא ליום ה' – even if the Festival ended on Thursday, they do not ritually immerse them until after the Sabbath, because the Kohanim/priests were not free at the conclusion of the Festival to immerse them, for they were busily engaged in the removing of the ashes that were on the pile (i.e., place on the altar where the ashes were piled up), that gathered there all the days of the Festival, all the ashes of the pile of wood on the altar in the Temple. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

הפותח את חביתו. חבר שפתח חביתו למכור יין בירושלים ברגל, ומשמשו בו עמי הארץ:

לא יגמור. לאחר הרגל. שאע״פ שבשעת הרגל הן טהורין לא שטהרתן טהרה עולמית, אלא שבשעת הרגל הכל חברים, אבל לאחר הרגל טמא מגען למפרע, כדאמרינן במתניתין לאחר הרגל מטבילין כלי העזרה, מפני שנגעו בהן עמי הארץ ברגל. ור״י דאמר יגמור סבר, אם אתה אומר לא יגמור אף הוא לא יתחיל ואין מזון מצוי לעולי רגלים. ואין הלכה כר״י:

מעבירין על טהרת העזרה. מעבירין את הכלים ממקומן להטבילן ולטהר את העזרה מטומאת עמי הארץ שנגעו בהן ברגל:

מפני כבוד השבת. שהיו הכהנים צריכין להתעסק בצרכי שבת איש בביתו:

אף לא ליום ה׳ אף אם עבר הרגל ליום ה׳, אין מטבילין אותן עד לאחר השבת. לפי שאין הכהנים פנויין ליום מוצאי יום טוב להטבילן, שטרודין להוציא את הדשן שעל התפוח באמצע המזבח, שקבצו שם כל ימות הרגל כל דשן של המערכה. ואין הלכה כר״י: