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Mishnayos Brachos Perek 3 Mishnah 2

ברכות פרק ג׳ משנה ב׳

2

After they buried the deceased and returned, if they have sufficient time to begin to recite Shema and conclude before they arrive at the row, formed by those who attended the burial, through which the bereaved family will pass in order to receive consolation, they should begin. If they do not have sufficient time to conclude reciting the entire Shema, then they should not begin. And those standing in the row, those in the interior row, directly before whom the mourners will pass and who will console them, are exempt from reciting Shema, while those in the exterior row, who stand there only to show their respect, are obligated to recite Shema.

קָבְרוּ אֶת הַמֵּת וְחָזְרוּ, אִם יְכוֹלִין לְהַתְחִיל וְלִגְמֹר עַד שֶׁלֹּא יַגִּיעוּ לַשּׁוּרָה, יַתְחִילוּ. וְאִם לָאו, לֹא יַתְחִילוּ. הָעוֹמְדִים בַּשּׁוּרָה, הַפְּנִימִים פְּטוּרִים, וְהַחִיצוֹנִים חַיָּבִין:

ב׳
Bartenura

להתחיל ולגמור – the first paragraph of the Recitation of the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4-9).

לשורה – that they would make row upon row [of comforters] surrounding the mourner to comfort him when returning from the grave.

ואם לאו – that the path from the graveside until the place when they make the rows [of condolence for the mourner] and there is no time to begin and complete [the recitation of the Shema] until they would arrive at the rows [of condolence].

הפנימים – those who can see the mourners.

וחיצונים – those who cannot see the faces of the mourners.

להתחיל ולגמור. פרשה אחת של קריאת שמע:

לשורה. שהיו עושים שורות שורות סביב האבל לנחמו בשובם מן הקבר:

ואם לאו. שהיה הדרך קרוב מן הקבר עד המקום שבו עושים השורה, ואין פנאי להתחיל ולגמור עד שלא יגיעו לשורה:

הפנימים. הרואים האבלים:

והחיצונים. שאינם רואים פני האבלים: