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Mishnayos Beitzah Perek 3 Mishnah 1

ביצה פרק ג׳ משנה א׳

1

One may not trap fish from their ponds on a Festival even with the intention of eating them, as this falls into the category of hunting, a type of labor that is not permitted on a Festival. Nor may one place food before them, as it is not his duty to feed them; rather, they maintain themselves by eating smaller fish or different types of algae that grow in the water. However, one may trap an animal or a bird from their enclosures [beivarim], as they are viewed as already captured, and therefore the action is not considered an act of hunting. And one may also place food before them as one does for other household animals. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: Not all enclosures are identical with respect to the halakhot of hunting. This is the principle: With regard to any animal inside such an enclosure whose trapping is inadequate, meaning that the enclosure is large and contains hiding places so that it is still necessary to pursue and apprehend the animal, it is prohibited for one to catch it; and with regard to any animal whose trapping is not inadequate, as it is possible to seize it immediately without having to engage in further pursuit, it is permitted for one to catch it.

אֵין צָדִין דָּגִים מִן הַבֵּיבָרִין בְּיוֹם טוֹב, וְאֵין נוֹתְנִין לִפְנֵיהֶם מְזוֹנוֹת. אֲבָל צָדִין חַיָּה וָעוֹף מִן הַבֵּיבָרִין, וְנוֹתְנִין לִפְנֵיהֶם מְזוֹנוֹת. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, לֹא כָל הַבֵּיבָרִין שָׁוִין. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כָּל הַמְחֻסָּר צִידָה אָסוּר, וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ מְחֻסָּר צִידָה מֻתָּר:

א׳
Bartenura

אין צדין דגים – even though slaughtering and baking and cooking are from the primary forms of [prohibited] work, they are permitted for the needs of the Festival day/Yom Tov, hunting is similar to reaping and reaping is not permitted on the Festival day. Vivarium of fish are pools of water where fish are raised there. Vivarium of wild beasts, enclosures (especially, an enclosed space outside for a settlement) surrounded by a fence all about and they bring there wild animals who give birth and who are raised there.

ואין נותנין – [they do not place] before the fish food, for it is possible for them [to survive] without food, and their feeding is not upon you.

אבל צדין חיה ועוף – who are ready from yesterday.

מן הביברין – the small vivarium, which do not lack some phase of the process of hunting. And Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel does not to argue against the first Tanna [of our Mishnah], but rather to explain [his reasoning].

כל המחוסר צידה – that one needs to request a company of intriguers to catch him, and all the runners after it and reach it at once when the wild beast is not lacking some phase of the hunting process, and if not, it is lacking some phase of the hunting process.

אין צדין דגים. אע״ג דשחיטה ואפיה ובישול מאבות מלאכות הן והותרו לצורך יו״ט, צידה דמיא לקצירה וקצירה לא הותרה ביו״ט. ביברין של דגים, הן בריכות של מים שדגים מתגדלים שם. ביברים של חיה, קרפיפות מוקפין גדר סביב ומביאים שם חיות ויולדות ומתגדלות שם:

ואין נותנין. לפני הדגים מזונות, דאפשר להם בלא מזונות ואין מזונתן עליך:

אבל צדין חיה ועוף. המוכנים מאתמול:

מן הביברין. הקטנים, שאין מחוסרים צידה. ורשב״ג לאו לאפלוגי אתנא קמא אתא, אלא לפרושי:

כל המחוסר צידה. שצריך לבקש תחבולות כדי לתפסו. וכל דרהיט בתריה ומטי ליה בחד שחיה לא הוי מחוסר צידה, ואי לא הוי מחוסר צידה: