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Mishnayos Avodah Zarah Perek 3 Mishnah 1

עבודה זרה פרק ג׳ משנה א׳

1

All statues are forbidden, i.e., it is prohibited to derive benefit from them, because they are worshipped at least once a year; this is the statement of Rabbi Meir. And the Rabbis say: The only type of statue that is forbidden is any statue that has in its hand a staff, or a bird, or an orb, as these are indications that this statue is designated for idolatry. If the statue is holding a different item, it may be assumed that the statue was fashioned for ornamental purposes and not for worship. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: It is prohibited to derive benefit even from any statue that has any item whatsoever in its hand.

כָּל הַצְּלָמִים אֲסוּרִים, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן נֶעֱבָדִין פַּעַם אַחַת בַּשָּׁנָה, דִבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ אָסוּר אֶלָּא כָל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בְּיָדוֹ מַקֵּל אוֹ צִפּוֹר אוֹ כַדּוּר. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, כֹּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בְּיָדוֹ כָל דָּבָר:

א׳
Bartenura

כל הצלמים אסורים – for deriving benefit.

שהם נעבדים פעם אחת בשנה – when the sun is at the same height that the image is made for even though that there are many that are not other than for beauty and are not worshipped, Rabbi Meir, according to his reasoning, is suspect of the minority.

כל שיש בידו וכו' – since these are definitely worshipped, and because of their importance, they considered these objects that are in their hands. And in a Baraitha (Talmud Avodah Zarah 41a), they added a sword, a crown and a ring and the Halakha is according to the Sages. But their prohibition is not other than when they stand at the entrance to the state and in the villages where it was not their practice to make images for beauty, everyone states that it is prohibited, and even if there was nothing in his hand to serve it with, they worship it.

כל הצלמים אסורים. בהנאה:

שהם נעבדים פעם אחת בשנה. כשהשמש באותה מעלה שהצלם עשוי בו. דאע״ג דאיכא טובא שאינן אלא לנוי ואינן נעבדין, ר׳ מאיר לטעמיה דחייש למיעוטא:

כל שיש בידו וכו׳ דהני ודאי נעבדים, הם דמשום חשיבותייהו אשקלינהו להנך חפצי בידייהו. והוסיפו עליהם בברייתא, חרב ועטרה וטבעת. והלכה כחכמים. ואין אסורין אלא כשעומדין על פתח המדינה. ובכפרים שאין דרכן לעשות צורות לנוי, דברי הכל אסורין ואפילו אין בידו דבר, דלמפלחינהו עבדי להו: