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Perek 9

Mishnayos Eruvin Perek 9 Mishnah 1

עירובין פרק ט׳ משנה א׳

1
All the roofs of the city are considered one domain. It is permitted to carry from one roof to another, even if the residents of the houses did not establish an eiruv between them. The Sages did not prohibit carrying between roofs, as it is rare to transfer an item from one roof to another. However, it is only permitted to transfer objects between roofs provided that one roof is neither ten handbreadths higher nor ten handbreadths lower than the adjacent roof. This is the statement of Rabbi Meir. And the Rabbis say: Each and every one of the roofs is a domain in and of itself. It is permitted to carry from one to the other only if the residents of both houses established an eiruv. Rabbi Shimon says: Roofs, courtyards, and enclosures are all one domain with regard to vessels that were inside them when Shabbat began, and one may therefore carry from one of these areas to another. However, they are not one domain with regard to vessels that were inside the house when Shabbat began and were later taken into one of the above domains. A vessel that was inside the house when Shabbat began and subsequently carried to one of these areas may be carried from one roof, courtyard, or enclosure to another only if an eiruv had been established between the domains.
כָּל גַּגּוֹת הָעִיר, רְשׁוּת אַחַת, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא גַג גָּבוֹהַּ עֲשָׂרָה אוֹ נָמוֹךְ עֲשָׂרָה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד רְשׁוּת בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אֶחָד גַּגּוֹת וְאֶחָד חֲצֵרוֹת וְאֶחָד קַרְפֵּיפוֹת, רְשׁוּת אֶחָד לַכֵּלִים שֶׁשָּׁבְתוּ לְתוֹכָן, וְלֹא לַכֵּלִים שֶׁשָּׁבְתוּ בְתוֹךְ הַבָּיִת:
א׳

כל גגות העיר רשות אחד – and even though that the inhabitants below are divided into two [kinds of] people, nevertheless, the roofs whose usage is not frequent, they do not have the division of the domain and utensils that were kept for the Sabbath on this roof, it is permitted to reove them to the other [roof].

ובלבד שלא יהא גג גבוה מחבירו י' -that if it is divided from them at the height of ten [handbreadths] it is forbidden to carry from it to the [other] roofs, as a decree because of a mound/hill that is ten [handbreadths] high and four [handbreadths] wide in the public thoroughfare [which is the private domain] that they would not come to carry upon him.

כל אחד רשות לעצמו – if the inhabitants who are below did not make an Eruv, it is prohibited to carry from this [roof] to that [roof].

ר' שמעון – is more lenient than all of them, and he states, that roofs and courtyards and outside areas [of seventy cubits added to city limits for purposes of Sabbath distances] which ae not more than a field requiring one Seah of seed since for all of hem their usage is not unique and frequent, they are one domain, and we carry from one to the other without an Eruv, and evn if there roofs that were higher than ten [handbreadths] or much lower than ten [handbreadths], for Rabbi Shimon does not hold by [the concept] of עירובי חצרות/borders of courtyards except because of the utensils of the house.

כלים ששבתו בתוכן – utensils that were spending Shabbat/made their Sabbath camp in one oft hem, we remove them one to the other.

ולא לכלים ששבת בתוך הבית – and he brought them out to the courtyard through the members of the courtyard making an Eruv, it is prohibited to remove them from this courtyard to another courtyard if they didn’t make an Eruv for the two courtyards together. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Shimon.

כל גגות העיר רשות אחד. ואע״פ שדיורים חלוקים למטה לשני בני אדם מ״מ הגגות שאין תשמישן תדיר אין בהן חלוקת רשות וכלים ששבתו בגג זה מותר להוציאן לזה:

ובלבד שלא יהא גג גבוה מחבירו י׳ דאם חלוק מהן בגובה י׳ אסור לטלטל ממנו לגגין, גזרה משום תל גבוה עשרה ורחב ארבע ברשות הרבים דלא ליתי לכתף עליו:

כל אחד רשות לעצמו. ואם לא עירבו דיורים שלמטה אסור לטלטל מזה לזה:

ר׳ שמעון. מיקל מכולן וקאמר, גגות וחצרות וקרפיפות שאינן יותר מבית סאתים הואיל וכולן אין תשמישן מיוחד ותדיר רשות אחת הן ומטלטלין מזה לזה בלא עירוב ואפילו היו הגגות גבוהות יותר מעשרה או נמוכות יותר מעשרה, דלית ליה לר״ש עירובי חצירות אלא משום כלי הבית:

לכלים ששבתו בתוכן. כלים ששבתו באחת מהן, מוציאים אותן מזה לזה:

אבל לא לכלים ששבתו בתוך הבית. והביאן לחצר ע״י שעירבו בני החצר, אסור להוציאן מחצר זו לחצר אחרת אם לא עירבו שתי החצרות יחד. והלכה כר״ש: