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המשנה היומית של היום

Meilah 6:3 - 6:4

The Mishnah Yomi for Saturday, December 20, 2031 is Meilah 6:3 - 6:4

＜ היום הקודםהיוםלמחרת ＞

משנה א

Mishnayos Meilah Perek 6 Mishnah 3

מעילה פרק ו׳ משנה ג׳

3
If the homeowner gave the agent one consecrated peruta and said to him: Bring me lamps [nerot] with one-half of it and wicks with one-half of it, and the agent went and brought him wicks with the entire peruta, or lamps with the entire peruta; or in a case where the homeowner said to the agent: Bring me lamps with the entire peruta or wicks with the entire peruta, and the agent went and brought him lamps with one-half of it and wicks with one-half of it, both of them are not liable for misuse of the peruta. In both cases, the homeowner is exempt because his instructions were fulfilled only with regard to half of a peruta, and the agent is exempt as he spent only half of a peruta on his own initiative. But if the homeowner said to the agent: Bring me lamps from such and such place with one-half of the peruta and wicks from such and such place with one-half of the peruta, and the agent went and brought him lamps from the place that he designated for wicks, and wicks from the place that he designated for lamps, the agent is liable for misuse, as he deviated from the homeowner’s instructions by the sum of an entire peruta.
נָתַן לוֹ פְרוּטָה, אָמַר לוֹ, הָבֵא לִי בְחֶצְיָהּ נֵרוֹת וּבְחֶצְיָהּ פְּתִילוֹת, הָלַךְ וְהֵבִיא לוֹ בְכֻלָּהּ נֵרוֹת אוֹ בְכֻלָּהּ פְּתִילוֹת, אוֹ שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ, הָבֵא לִי בְכֻלָּהּ נֵרוֹת אוֹ בְכֻלָּהּ פְּתִילוֹת, הָלַךְ וְהֵבִיא לוֹ בְחֶצְיָהּ נֵרוֹת וּבְחֶצְיָהּ פְּתִילוֹת, שְׁנֵיהֶם לֹא מָעֲלוּ. אֲבָל אִם אָמַר לוֹ, הָבֵא לִי בְחֶצְיָהּ נֵרוֹת מִמָּקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי וּבְחֶצְיָהּ פְּתִילוֹת מִמָּקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי, וְהָלַךְ וְהֵבִיא לוֹ נֵרוֹת מִבֵּית פְּתִילוֹת וּפְתִילוֹת מִבֵּית נֵרוֹת, הַשָּׁלִיחַ מָעָל:
ג׳
ברטנורא

שניהם לא מעלו – the houseowner did not commit sacrilege for his agency was not performed with a penny, but the agent did not commit misappropriation because he did not abrogate his agency of the houseowner with a penny, but for less than a penny, there isn’t an liability for sacrilege.

השליח מעל – that he abrogated the agency of the houseowner, whether with wicks or with candles, and there is In both of [the expenditure of] a penny.

שניהם לא מעלו. בעה״ב לא מעל שהרי לא נעשית שליחותו בפרוטה, והשליח לא מעל שלא עקר שליחותו של בעה״ב בפרוטה, ובפחות מפרוטה ליכא חיוב מעילה:

השליח מעל. שעקר שליחותו של בעה״ב בין בפתילות בין בנרות ויש בשניהן פרוטה:

משנה ב

Mishnayos Meilah Perek 6 Mishnah 4

מעילה פרק ו׳ משנה ד׳

4
If the homeowner gave the agent two consecrated perutot, and said to him: Go and bring me an etrog, and he went and brought him an etrog with one peruta and a pomegranate with one peruta, both of them are liable for misuse. The homeowner is liable because his agency was performed with the sum of one peruta, and the agent is liable because he deviated from the homeowner’s instructions with one peruta. Rabbi Yehuda says: The homeowner is not liable for misuse, as he can say to the agent: I was seeking a large etrog worth two perutot, and you brought me a small, inferior etrog worth one peruta. If the homeowner gave the agent a consecrated gold dinar, which is worth twenty-five silver dinars, as four silver dinars constitute a sela; and said to the agent: Go and bring me a robe, and the agent went and brought him a robe with three sela and a cloak with three sela, both of them are liable for misuse. The homeowner is liable because his agency was performed with the purchase of the robe for three sela, and the agent is liable because he deviated from the homeowner’s instructions by purchasing the cloak. Rabbi Yehuda says: The homeowner is not liable for misuse, as he can say to the agent: I was seeking a large robe worth a gold dinar and you brought me a small, inferior robe worth three sela, i.e., twelve silver dinars.
נָתַן לוֹ שְׁתֵּי פְרוּטוֹת, אָמַר לוֹ, הָבֵא לִי אֶתְרוֹג, וְהָלַךְ וְהֵבִיא לוֹ בִפְרוּטָה אֶתְרוֹג וּבִפְרוּטָה רִמּוֹן, שְׁנֵיהֶם מָעֲלוּ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, בַּעַל הַבַּיִת לֹא מָעַל, שֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר לוֹ, אֶתְרוֹג גָּדוֹל הָיִיתִי מְבַקֵּשׁ וְהֵבֵאתָ לִי קָטָן וָרָע. נָתַן לוֹ דִינַר זָהָב, אָמַר לוֹ הָבֵא לִי חָלוּק, וְהָלַךְ וְהֵבִיא לוֹ בִשְׁלשָׁה חָלוּק וּבִשְׁלשָׁה טַלִּית, שְׁנֵיהֶם מָעֲלוּ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, בַּעַל הַבַּיִת לֹא מָעַל, שֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר לוֹ, חָלוּק גָּדוֹל הָיִיתִי מְבַקֵּשׁ וְהֵבֵאתָ לִי קָטָן וָרָע:
ד׳
ברטנורא

שניהם מעלו – as long as that Etrog/citron would be worth two pennies like the houseowner gave him. The houseowner committed sacrilege since the agent purchased for him according to what he said and worth as he gave him, he thusly performed his agency, but the agent committed a misappropriation for he purchased of his own intention a pomegranate with a penny that was not in the agency of the houseowner.

ר' יהודה אומר בעה"ב לא מעל – for he (i.e., the houseowner) said to the agent, If you would purchase an Etrog/citron for two pennies like I gave to you, you would bring me a large Etrog/citron worth four pennies, [but] now that you didn’t give other than a penny, you brought me an Etrog/citron worth two pennies which is a small and bad, it is found that you did not perform my agency. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

שניהם מעלו. והוא שיהא אותו האתרוג שוה שני פרוטות כמו שנתן לו בעה״ב. בעה״ב מעל כיון שקנה לו השליח כמו שאמר ושוה כמו שנתן לו, הרי נעשית שליחותו. והשליח מעל, שהרי קנה רמון בפרוטה מדעתו שלא בשליחות בעה״ב:

ר׳ יהודה אומר בעה״ב לא מעל. דאמר ליה לשליח אילו היית קונה אתרוג בשתי פרוטות כמו שנתתי לך היית מביא לי אתרוג גדול שוה ארבע פרוטות, עכשיו שלא נתת אלא פרוטה הבאת לי אתרוג שוה שתי פרוטות שהוא קטן ורע, ונמצא שלא עשית שליחותי. ואין הלכה כר׳ יהודה:

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