זבחים י״ד:ט׳ - י״ד:י׳

הרי אלו בעשה – (Deuteronomy 12:11): “then you must bring everything [that I command you to the site where the LORD our God will choose to establish His name] your burnt-offerings [and other sacrifices, your tithes and contributions, and all the choice votive offerings that you vow to the LORD].,” that implies [there] but not at the temporary altars, and the prohibition is inferred from a positive commandment is a positive commandment [and its law is like a positive commandment]. Alternatively, the positive commandment of (Leviticus 17:5): “that they may bring them before the LORD, [to the priest, at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting, and offer them as sacrifices of well-being to the LORD],” and the negative commandment of (Deuteronomy 12:13): “Take care not to sacrifice your burnt offerings [in any place that you like],” and “every place”/"כל מקום" that is stated [in this verse], [the words]"השמר"/ “take care,” "פן"/not and "אל" /”do not” is not anything other than a negative commandment.

ואין חייבין עליהם כרת – because he dedicated them at the time when the temporary altars were permitted, that the person offering the sacrifice outside [the Temple courtyard] is not liable for extirpation other than on a sacrifice that if he offered it outside at the time he dedicated it, he would be liable similar to the wilderness, for extirpation is written regarding thoses who slaughtered it outside [of the Tabernacle], it is written (Leviticus 17:7): “[and that they offer their sacrifices no more to the goat-demons after whom they stray.] This shall be to them a law for all time, [throughout the ages,” “that shall be to them,” but not another to them.

הקדישן בשעת איסור הבמות – from that time, we call them: (Leviticus 17:5): “that they may bring them before the LORD,” but since he waited until he was not able to fulfill it, the positive command was nullified through him, but there is no negative command nor extirpation, for the warning and the punishment at the time of the offering is written, but surely the temporary altars were permitted.

ואלו קדשים קרבין במשכן – as for example at the time that Gilgal, Nov and Givon was where the Tabernacle was and the improvised altars were permitted. These Holy Things needed to be offered in the Tabernacle but not at an improvised altar.

קדשים – those undefined/not explicitly stated things were sanctified for the Tabernacle, and what were they – the community sacrifices.

קרבנות יחיד – that were undefined for the improvised altars.

קרבנות יחיד שהוקדשו למשכן – that he specified at the time of their sanctification on the conidition to offer them to the Tabernacle.

ואם הקריבן בבמה פטור – from warning and from punishment, for the improvised altars were permitted. But however, it is prohibited to change, as it is written (Deuteronomy 23:24): “You must fulfill what has crossed your lips [and perform what you have voluntarily vowed to the LORD your God, having made the promise with your own mouth].”

במות צבור – Gilgal and Nob and Givon.

סמיכה – as it is written (Leviticus 1:2-3): “[for acceptance in his behalf] before the LORD. He shall lay his hand [upon the head of the burnt offering],” for there os no laying of his hand on an improvised altar.

שחיטת צפון – as it is written (Leviticus 1:11): “[It shall be slaughtered] before the LORD on the north side of the altar,” but there is no “north side” in an improvised altar.

ומתן סביב – two gifts which are four, as it is written regarding them (Exodus 29:20): “and dash the rest of the blood against every side of the altar round about,” but not on an improvised altar.

תנופה – as it is written ((Leviticus 7:30; 10:15; 14:12 and other places) “as an elevation offering before the LORD,” and there is no waving on an improvised altar.

והגישה – as it is written (Leviticus 2:8): “[it shall be brought to the priest] who shall take it up to the altar,” and there is no bringing it with an improvised altar.

מנחה בבמה – for Scripture states (Leviticus 17:5): “This is in order that the Israelites may bring the sacrifices which they have been making in the open – that they may bring them before the LORD, to the priest, at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting, and offer them as sacrifices of well-being to the LORD,” that sacrifices are brought on an improvised altar but not meal-offerings.

כיהון – as it is written (Leviticus 17:6): “that the priest may dash the blood against the altar of the LORD,” the altar requires a Kohen but an improvised altar does not require a Kohen.

ובגדי שרת – for since there is no need for a Kohen, there is no place for wearing garments of ministry, that regarding the wearing garments of ministry it is written (Exodus 29:30): “[He among his sons] who becomes priest [in his stead, who enters the Tent of Meeting to officiate within the sanctuary,] shall wear them seven days.”

וכלי שרת – and regarding the utensils of ministry, it is written (Exodus 28:43): [They shall be worn by Aaron and his sons when they enter the Tent of Meeting or when they approach the altar] to officiate in the sanctuary,”and not an an improvised altar.

וריח ניחוח – limbs that had been roasted and offered on the altar, they don’t have with them “of pleasing odor to the LORD”, and specifically on the altar, as it is written (Leviticus 1:13): “It is burnt offering, a gift, of pleasing odor to the LORD.,” but on an improvised altar, even if he roasted them and offered them on the altar there is nothing in this.

ומחיצת דמים – the red line to distinguish between the lower blood and the upper blod, but there is no red line in the improvised altar, as it is written (Exodus 27:5):”[Set the mesh below, under the ledge of the altar,] so that it extends to the middle of the altar,” but not in an improvised altar.

רחוץ ידים ורגלים – as it is written (Exodus 30:20): “When they enter the Tent of Meeting they wash with water,” but not in an improvised altar.

הזמן – if he intended regarding the sacrifice to consume it outside of I ts appropriate time.

והטמא – even though the foreigner (i.e., non-Kohen) is fit to offer it on an improvised altar, an impure person does not offer on an improvised altar.