Mishnayos Shekalim Perek 1 Mishnah 6
ืฉืงืืื ืคืจืง ืืณ ืืฉื ื ืืณ
6
[4a] The mishna states another halakha: And these are the people who are obligated in the premium [kalbon], a small sum added to the half-shekel collected: Levites, Israelites, converts, and emancipated Canaanite slaves, but not priests, women, Canaanite slaves, or minors. One who contributes a half-shekel on behalf of a priest, on behalf of a woman, on behalf of a slave, or on behalf of a child, is exempt from the premium, as they are exempt. But if he contributed on his own behalf and on behalf of another, i.e., he contributed one whole shekel to discharge both his own obligation and that of someone else, he is obligated in one premium. Rabbi Meir says: He must pay two premiums. The mishna further states: One who gives the collection agent a sela, i.e., a whole shekel, and takes a shekel, i.e., a half-shekel, as change is obligated in two premiums.
ืึฐืึตืึผืึผ ืฉืึถืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึทืงึผึธืึฐืึผืึนื, ืึฐืึดืึผึดื ืึฐืึดืฉืึฐืจึฐืึตืึดืื ืึฐืึตืจึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึฐืฉืึปืึฐืจึธืจึดืื, ืึฒืึธื ืึนื ืึผึนืึฒื ึดืื ืึฐื ึธืฉืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผืงึฐืึทื ึผึดืื. ืึทืฉึผืืึนืงึตื ืขึทื ืึฐืึตื ืึผึนืึตื, ืขึทื ืึฐืึตื ืึดืฉึผืึธื, ืขึทื ืึฐืึตื ืขึถืึถื, ืขึทื ืึฐืึตื ืงึธืึธื, ืคึผึธืืึผืจ. ืึฐืึดื ืฉืึธืงึทื ืขึทื ืึธืืึน ืึฐืขึทื ืึทื ืึฒืึตืจืึน, ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืงึธืึฐืึผืึนื ืึถืึธื. ืจึทืึผึดื ืึตืึดืืจ ืืึนืึตืจ, ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืงึธืึฐืึผืึนื ืึนืช. ืึทื ึผืึนืชึตื ืกึถืึทืข ืึฐื ืึนืึตื ืฉืึถืงึถื, ืึทืึผึธื ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืงึธืึฐืึผืึนื ืึนืช:
ืืณ
ืืจืื ืืจื
ืงืืืืื โ ืงื/easy ืืื /to understand โ that is to say, something light and small that we add to the one-half Shekel to harmonize between them.
ืืฉืืงื ืข"ื ืืฉื [ืืื'] ืคืืืจ โ for example that he lent them since they are exempt, they are not obligated in agio/surcharge, but he pays the debt for them, even paying the half-shekel for someone who is obligated, he is exempt from the surcharge, as is mentioned later.
ืื ืฉืงื ืขื ืืื ืืขื ืื ืืืืจื โ when he lends him, we are speaking about and he pays a full shekel โ one half of a shekel for himself and another half-shekel that he lends to his fellow.
ืืืื ืงืืืื ืืื โ for he holds that whomever gives the one-half shekel that is clearly defined in the Torah is exempt from the surcharge, as it is written (Exodus 30:13): โThis is what everyoneโฆ.shall payโ/"ืื ืืชื ื" โ like this he will give and no more; and the second one who gave a full Shekel, does not give other than one surcharge.
ืจ' ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉื ื ืงืืืื ืืช โ Rabbi Meir holds that the person who pays in the one-half shekel is obligated for a surcharge, therefore two paid in a full Shekel [together] are liable for two surcharges, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.
ืื ืืชื ืกืืข โ that is a full shekel to the money changer of sanctified contributions, and he takes from it the one-half shekel that remains to him with him, and the Shekel that is mentioned here is the one-half shekel.
ื ืืชื ื' ืงืืืื ืืช โ in this the first Tanna/Teacher [of our Mishnah] agrees that he gives two surcharges, one surcharge to keep the balance from the one-half shekel that he takes from the sanctified monies, and the other, for since he did not give the one-half shekel as is delineated in the Torah, he is obligated for the surcharge.
ืงืืืื. ืงื ืืื. ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืงื ืืืืขื ืฉืืืกืืคืื ืขื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืืืืจืืข ืืื ืืื:
ืืฉืืงื ืขืดื ืืฉื [ืืืณ] ืคืืืจ. ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ืืคืืืจืื ืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืืื. ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืคืืจืข ืืฉืืืื, ืืคืืื ืฉืืงื ืืฉืืื ืืจ ืืืืื ืคืืืจ ืื ืืงืืืื ืืืืงืื:
ืื ืฉืงื ืขื ืืื ืืขื ืื ืืืืจื. ืืฉืืืืื ืืืืจื, ืืฉืืงื ืฉืงื ืฉืื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืฉืืืื ืืืืืจื:
ืืืื ืงืืืื ืืื. ืืกืืจ ืื ืืชื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืืงืฆืื ืืชืืจื ืคืืืจ ืื ืืงืืืื, ืืืชืื ืื ืืชื ื, ืืื ืืชื ื ืืื ืืืชืจ. ืืืณ ืฉืฉืงืื ืฉืงื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืื ืงืืืื ืืื:
ืจืณ ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉื ื ืงืืืื ืืช. ืจืดื ืกืืจ ืืฉืืงื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืืืื ืืงืืืื, ืืืื ืฉื ืื ืฉืฉืงืื ืฉืงื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืณ ืงืืืื ืืช. ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืดื:
ืื ืืชื ืกืืข. ืืืืื ื ืฉืงื ืฉืื ืืฉืืืื ื ืฉื ืืงืืฉ, ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืฆืืชื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืื ื. ืืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื:
ื ืืชื ืืณ ืงืืืื ืืช. ืืื ืืืื ืชืดืง ืื ืืชื ืืณ ืงืืืื ืืช, ืืื ืงืืืื ืืืืจืข ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืงืืฉ, ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืฉืงื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืืื ืฉืงืฆืื ืืชืืจื ื ืชืืืื ืืงืืืื: