Mishnah.org Logo
ืคืจืง ื‘ืณ

Mishnayos Orlah Perek 2 Mishnah 1

ืขืจืœื” ืคืจืง ื‘ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ืืณ

1
Terumah, terumat maaser of demai, hallah and bikkurim, are neutralized in a hundred-and-one mixture. And they are reckoned together [to form the statutory minimum]. And it is necessary to remove [from the mixture an amount equal to that of the consecrated produce contained in it]. Orlah and kilayim of the vineyard are neutralized in a two-hundred-and-one mixture. And they are reckoned together [to form the statutory minimum]. But it is not necessary to remove [from the mixture an amount equal to that of the consecrated produce contained in it]. Rabbi Shimon says: they are not reckoned together. Rabbi Eliezer says: they are reckoned together when they impart flavor, but not to prohibit.
ื”ึทืชึผึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื”, ื•ึผืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึทืช ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ ืฉืึถืœ ื“ึผึฐืžึทืื™, ื”ึทื—ึทืœึผึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทื‘ึผึดื›ึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื, ืขื•ึนืœึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึผืžึตืึธื”, ื•ึผืžึดืฆึฐื˜ึธืจึฐืคึดื™ืŸ ื–ึถื” ืขึดื ื–ึถื”, ื•ึฐืฆึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ ืœึฐื”ึธืจึดื™ื. ื”ึธืขึธืจึฐืœึธื” ื•ึฐื›ึดืœึฐืึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึถืจึถื, ืขื•ึนืœึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึผืžึธืืชึทื™ึดื, ื•ึผืžึดืฆึฐื˜ึธืจึฐืคึดื™ืŸ ื–ึถื” ืขึดื ื–ึถื”, ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืฆึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ ืœึฐื”ึธืจึดื™ื. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ืึตื™ื ึธืŸ ืžึดืฆึฐื˜ึธืจึฐืคึดื™ืŸ. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ืžึดืฆึฐื˜ึธืจึฐืคึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึนืชึตืŸ ื˜ึทืขึทื, ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ืœึนื ืœึถืึฑืกึนืจ:
ืืณ
ื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื

ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ืขื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื•ืžืื” โ€“ if a Seah of one of these fell in one-hundred Seah of non-consecrated produce, it is nullified, and it is permitted to foreigners (i.e., non-Kohanim); less than one-hundred, everything is prohibited to foreigners, and we derive it from what is written regarding the tithe of the tithe which the Levite owes to the Kohen (Numbers 18:29): โ€œ[You shall set aside all gifts due to the LORD from everything that is donated to you, from each thing its best portion,] the part thereof that is to be consecrated.โ€ What was separated as the priestโ€™s share from it, if it returned into it from his sanctified thing, that is ninety-nine [parts]. For from the one hundred that he separated out ten for a tithe, and from ten, one for the tithe from the tithe that the Levite owes to the Kohen.

ื•ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” โ€“ if one Seah fell from all of them to less than one-hundred parts of non-consecrated produce, It sanctifies them, and in this everyone admits that they combine, for they are one denomination and they are all called Terumah/heave offering. For regarding Hallah, It is written (Numbers 15:20): โ€œyou shall set aside a loaf as a gift,โ€ and the First Fruits/Bikkurim are also called Terumah, as the Master stated (Deuteronomy 12:17): โ€œor your contributions/ื•ืชืจื•ืžืช ื™ื“ืš โ€“ these are First Fruits/Bikkurim, as it is written regarding them (Deuteronomy 26:4): โ€œThe priest shall take the basket from you hand [and set it in front of the altar of the LORD your God].โ€

ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื™ื โ€“ [one must raise] the Seah that fell and to give it to the Kohen and the remainder is permitted to foreigners (i.e., non-Kohanim), and even though Orlah and mixed seeds in the vineyard are more stringent, there is no need to raise them, and the prohibition itself is nullified. The heave-offering/Terumah is different because it has owners (i.e., the Kohanim) and one must raise them up/separate them as an offering because of the injustice to the tribe of Levi, but in all other prohibitions where there is an injustice to the tribe of Levi does not belong for when they are abolished, there is no need to raise them/separate them as an offering.

ืขื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื•ืžืืชื™' โ€“ regarding the heave offering, it is written "ืžืœืื”" (Exodus 22:28) โ€œYou shall not put off the skimming of the first yield of your vats. [You shall give Me the first-born of your sons],โ€ and in the mixed seeds of the fields/ื›ืœืื™ ื”ื›ืจื, it is written "ืžืœืื”" (Deuteronomy 22:9): โ€œ[You shall not sow your vineyard with a second kind of seed,] else the crop โ€“ from the seed that you have sown [and the yield of the vineyard may not be used].โ€ Just as [the word] "ืžืœืื”" that is stated further on (Deuteronomy 22:9) is offered up as we derive (Numbers 18:29): โ€œthe part thereof that is to be consecrated,โ€ also here it is offered up, and because its prohibition is doubled for it is forbidden to derive benefit from it, they doubled its offering up, and it requires two-hundred [parts]. But Orlah we derive from Kilayim/the forbidden junction of heterogeneous animals by hybridization or by harnessing together, because it is prohibited to derive benefit like them.

ื•ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” โ€“ Orlah/Uncircumcised fruit of the first three years and mixed seeds of the field are combined together that fell into something permitted, they combine to prohibit something dry until two hundred, and in something moist in a pot which imparts flavor.

ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ โ€“ even to prohibit the pot through the imparting of a flavor, since they are two entities, but if there in the pot [enough] to annul the flavor of the Orlah/uncircumcised fruit of the first three years on their own, and the flavor mixed seeds of the field on their own, everything is permitted.

ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื โ€“ that requires a moist pot in order to the annul the flavor of both of them together.

ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœืืกื•ืจ โ€“ with something dry, for there is no need that there would be a permitted object of two hundred corresponding to both of them, but the Halakha is according to the first Tanna/teacher.

ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ืขื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื•ืžืื”. ืื ื ืคืœื” ืกืื” ืื—ืช ืžืืœื• ื‘ืžืื” ืกืื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื•ืžื•ืชืจื™ื ืœื–ืจื™ื. ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžืื”, ื”ื›ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื–ืจื™ื. ื•ืžืคืงื™ื ืŸ ืœื” ืžื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื’ื‘ื™ ืชืจื•ืžืช ืžืขืฉืจ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืดื—:ื›ืดื˜) ืืช ืžืงื“ืฉื• ืžืžื ื• ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืจื ืžืžื ื• ืื ื—ื–ืจ ืœืชื•ื›ื• ืžืงื“ืฉื• ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืดื˜ ื“ืžืžืื” ื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืœืžืขืฉืจ ื•ืžืขืฉืจื” ืื—ืช ืœืชืจื•ืžืช ืžืขืฉืจ:

ื•ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”. ืื ื ืคืœื” ืกืื” ืื—ืช ืžื›ื•ืœืŸ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžืื” ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉืชืŸ. ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžื•ื“ื• ื›ื•ืœื™ ืขืœืžื ื“ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ, ื“ืฉื ืื—ื“ ื ื™ื ื”ื• ื•ื›ื•ืœื”ื• ืžืงืจื™ื™ืŸ ืชืจื•ืžื” ื“ื‘ื—ืœื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื ื˜ื•) ื—ืœื” ืชืจื™ืžื• ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื ืžื™ ืืงืจื• ืชืจื•ืžื” ื“ืืžืจ ืžืจ ื•ืชืจื•ืžืช ื™ื“ืš ืืœื• ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื• (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืดื•:ื“ืณ) ื•ืœืงื— ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื˜ื ื ืžื™ื“ืš:

ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื™ื. ื”ืกืื” ืฉื ืคืœื” ื•ืœืชืช ืื•ืชื” ืœื›ื”ืŸ, ื•ื”ืฉืืจ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื–ืจื™ื. ื•ืืขืดื’ ื“ื‘ืขืจืœื” ื•ื›ืœืื™ ื”ื›ืจื ื“ื—ืžื™ืจื™ ื˜ืคื™ ืืดืฆ ืœื”ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื˜ืœ ืฉืื ื™ ืชืจื•ืžื” ื“ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื‘ืขืœื™ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ื’ื–ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื“ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื”ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื–ืœ ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืืดืฆ ืœื”ืจื™ื:

ืขื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื•ืžืืชื™ื. ื“ื’ื‘ื™ ืชืจื•ืžื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžืœืื”, (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ืดื‘:ื›ืดื—) ืžืœืืชืš ื•ื“ืžืขืš ืœื ืชืื—ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืื™ ื”ื›ืจื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžืœืื” (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืดื‘:ื˜ืณ) ืคืŸ ืชืงื“ืฉ ื”ืžืœืื” ืžื” ืžืœืื” ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืœืŸ ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื“ื™ืœืคื™ื ืŸ ืžืืช ืžืงื“ืฉื• ืžืžื ื•, ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืขื•ืœื”. ื•ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ืคืœ ืืกื•ืจื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื›ืคืœื• ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืžืืชื™ื. ื•ืขืจืœื” ื™ืœืคื™ื ืŸ ืœื” ืžื›ืœืื™ื ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื›ืžื•ืชืŸ:

ื•ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”. ืขืจืœื” ื•ื›ืœืื™ ื”ื›ืจื ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื“ ืฉื ืคืœื• ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ ืœืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ ืขื“ ืžืืชื™ื, ื•ื‘ืœื— ื‘ืงื“ืจื” ื‘ื ื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื:

ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ. ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืืกื•ืจ ื”ืงื“ืจื” ื‘ื ื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ื ื™ื ื”ื•. ืืœื ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงื“ืจื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ื˜ืขื ื”ืขืจืœื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžืŸ, ื•ื˜ืขื ื›ืœืื™ ื”ื›ืจื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžืŸ, ื”ื›ืœ ืžื•ืชืจ:

ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื. ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ืงื“ืจื” ื‘ืœื— ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ื˜ืขื ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื™ื—ื“:

ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœืืกื•ืจ. ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ, ืฉืืดืฆ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืืชื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืชืดืง: