ื ืคืชื— ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”
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ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื
ืœืžื“ ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช
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ืžื•ืขื“
ื ืฉื™ื
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ืงื“ืฉื™ื
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ื˜ื‘ืœืื•ืช ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช
ื”ื˜ื‘ืœืื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช
ืžืฉื ื” ื™ื•ืžื™ืชืื”ืœื•ืช ื™ืดื‘:ื’ืณ - ื™ืดื‘:ื“ืณ
ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื
ืคืจืง ื™ืดื‘

Mishnayos Keilim Perek 12 Mishnah 1

ื›ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ื™"ื‘ ืžืฉื ื” ืืณ

1
A man's ring is susceptible to impurity. A ring for cattle or for vessels and all other rings are clean. A beam for arrows is susceptible to impurity, but one for prisoners is clean. A prisoner's collar is susceptible to impurity. A chain that has a lock-piece is susceptible to impurity. But that used for tying up cattle is clean. The chain used by wholesalers is susceptible to impurity. That used by householders is clean. Rabbi Yose said: When is this so? When it attaches to one door, but if it attaches to two doors or if it had a snail[-shaped] piece at its end it is susceptible to impurity.
ื˜ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืช ืึธื“ึธื, ื˜ึฐืžึตืึธื”. ื˜ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืช ื‘ึผึฐื”ึตืžึธื” ื•ึฐื›ึตืœึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื˜ึผึทื‘ึผึธืขื•ึนืช, ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจื•ึนืช. ืงื•ึนืจึทืช ื”ึทื—ึดืฆึผึดื™ื, ื˜ึฐืžึตืึธื”. ื•ึฐืฉืึถืœ ืึฒืกึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ, ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึธื”. ื”ึทืงึผื•ึนืœึธืจ, ื˜ึฐืžึตืึธื”. ืฉืึทืœึฐืฉืึถืœึถืช ืฉืึถื™ึผึถืฉื ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื ึฐืขึดื™ืœึธื”, ื˜ึฐืžึตืึธื”. ื”ึธืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผื™ึธื” ืœึดื›ึฐืคึดื™ืชึธื”, ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึธื”. ืฉืึทืœึฐืฉืึถืœึถืช ืฉืึถืœ ืกึดื™ื˜ื•ึนื ื•ึนืช, ื˜ึฐืžึตืึธื”, ืฉืึถืœ ื‘ึผึทืขึฒืœึตื™ ื‘ึธืชึผึดื™ื ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึธื”. ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™, ืึตื™ืžึธืชึทื™, ื‘ึผึดื–ึฐืžึทืŸ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึทืคึฐืชึผึตื—ึท ืึถื—ึธื“, ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ืึดื ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืฉืึฐื ึทื™ึดื, ืื•ึน ืฉืึถืงึผึธืฉืึทืจ ื—ึดืœึผึธื–ื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืจึนืืฉืึธื”ึผ, ื˜ึฐืžึตืึธื”:
ืืณ
ื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื

ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืื“ื โ€“ as for example the ring of a finger. But the ring that they established to gird his loins and to and to tie it between his shoulders is ritually pure, and that is a ring of vessels. And the reason is because Scripture did not include anything other than ornaments of a man, but not the ornaments of an animal and vessels.

ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฆื™ื (beam of arrows) โ€“ there are those who interpret the dung heap that the arrows are placed upon. And there are those who interpret the target of the arrow.

ื•ืฉืœ ืืกื™ืจื™ืŸ (and that of prisoners) โ€“ that they make like a kind of notch in the beam to bring into it the foot of a man [and they place a long piece of wood on top of it] and one is not able to go out/escape. And in the language of Scripture, they call it a ืกื“/stocks (Job 13:27 โ€“ though the verse is slightly misquoted by Bartenura who writes: ื•ื™ืฉื ื‘ืกื“ ืจื’ืœื™ โ€“ while the Biblical text writes): "ื•ืชืฉื ื‘ืกื“ ืจื’ืœื™"/โ€that You put my feet in the stocks [and watch all my ways].โ€ But the beams of arrows and of prisoners that are mentioned here are of metal and not of wood.

ืงื•ืœืจ (prisonerโ€™s chain/collar around the neck) โ€“ that they place on the neck of prisons. [And it closes]. The Aramaic translation of "ื•ื™ืชื ื”ื• ื‘ืกื•ื’ืจ" (Ezekiel 19:9)/โ€With hooks he was put in a cage, [They carried him off to the king of Babylon and confined him in a fortress],โ€ with the prisonerโ€™s chain/collar around the neck, and because the prisonerโ€™s collar was made that he would carry with him in every place that he goes, it is considered a usable vessel more than the beam of prisoners which does not move with it from its place. Therefore, the prisonerโ€™s collar/chain is ritually impure.

ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื ืขื™ืœื” โ€“ they make for the chain a lock-piece [and place them on the foot of the horses, and close them with a key, and it is considered a vessel.

ืœื›ืคื™ืชื” (for binding, color-band for animals) โ€“ chains that they bind with them the money and the cubs/young animals of small dogs. And they are made for the adornment/beauty and they are an ornament of animals and do not ritually defile.

ืกื™ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช (wholesale provision dealers โ€“ of wheat) โ€“ large merchants who sell in big measure. And they have a chain that they affix at one end of the measure, a Seah or a dry measure of three Kabs/Tarkab, and its second end they place in a ring that is I the door or in the beam and close it with a key in order that the measure not be stolen.

ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ืชื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื โ€“ for it is merely made for adornment/beauty and it is an ornament for the vessel.

ืžืคืชื— ืื—ื“ โ€“ from one link. People donโ€™t make use of a chain in one link, and it is not a vessel.

ืื• ืฉืงืฉืจ ื—ืœื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉื” โ€“ like the image of snail which is a fish in the see that from its blood they dye the Tekhelet [for the ritual fringes of the Tallit]โ€“ he ties it by its head which is made of iron, and it is like a vessel.

ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืื“ื. ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉืœ ืืฆื‘ืข. ืื‘ืœ ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืœื—ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ืžืชื ื™ื• ื•ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืชืคื™ื•, ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื›ืœื™ื. ื•ื˜ืขืžื, ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืœื ืจื‘ื™ ืงืจื ืœื˜ื•ืžืื” ืืœื ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ ืื“ื ื•ืœื ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื•ื›ืœื™ื:

ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฆื™ื. ืื™ืช ื“ืžืคืจืฉื™ ืืฉืคื” ืฉื”ื—ืฆื™ื ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”, ื•ืื™ืช ื“ืžืคืจืฉื™ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื—ืฅ:

ื•ืฉืœ ืืกื™ืจื™ืŸ. ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืคื’ื™ืžื” ื‘ืงื•ืจื” ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื‘ื” ืจื’ืœ ืื“ื [ื•ืžื ื™ื—ื™ืŸ ืขืฅ ืืจื•ืš ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื”] ื•ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆืืช. ื•ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืงืจื ืงื•ืจื”ื• ืกื“, ื•ื™ืฉื ื‘ืกื“ ืจื’ืœื™ (ืื™ื•ื‘ ื™ืดื’:ื›ืดื–). ื•ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฆื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืืกื™ืจื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ, ื“ืžืชื›ืช ื ื™ื ื”ื• ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืขืฅ:

ืงื•ืœืจ. ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืืจ ื”ืืกื™ืจื™ื. [ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื’ืจ]. ืชืจื’ื•ื ื•ื™ืชื ื”ื• ื‘ืกื•ื’ืจ (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื™ืดื˜:ื˜ืณ), ื‘ืงื•ืœืจื™ืŸ. ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืงื•ืœืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืื ื• ืขืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ืœืš, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืœื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื˜ืคื™ ืžืงื•ืจืช ื”ืืกื™ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื–ื– ื‘ื” ืžืžืงื•ืžื•, ื”ืœื›ืš ืงื•ืœืจ ื˜ืžื:

ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื ืขื™ืœื”. ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืœืฉืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื ืขื™ืœื” [ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืจื’ืœ ื”ืกื•ืกื™ื] ื•ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืคืชื—, ื•ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื ื›ืœื™:

ืœื›ืคื™ืชื”. ืฉืœืฉืœืื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ืคืชื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืฃ ื•ื’ื•ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื. ื•ืœื ื•ื™ ื”ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื• ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ ื“ื‘ื”ืžื” ื•ืœื ืžื™ื˜ืžื:

ืกื™ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช. ืกื•ื—ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื” ื’ืกื”. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืฉืœืฉืœืช ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ื”, ืกืื” ืื• ืชืจืงื‘, ื•ืจืืฉื” ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉื‘ื“ืœืช ืื• ื‘ืงื•ืจื”, ื•ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืžืคืชื— ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื’ื ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื”:

ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ืชื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”. ื“ืกืชืžื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื ื•ื™ ื•ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ ืœื›ืœื™:

ืžืคืชื— ืื—ื“. ืžื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืช. ื“ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืช ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื™ ืื™ื ืฉื™, ื•ืœื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื ื›ืœื™:

ืื• ืฉืงืฉืจ ื—ืœื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉื”. ื›ื“ืžื•ืช ื—ืœื–ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื’ ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื“ืžื• ืฆื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืชื›ืœืช ืงืฉืจ ืœื” ื‘ืจืืฉื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžื‘ืจื–ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื™ ืœื” ืžื ื: