Mishnayos Eruchin Perek 7 Mishnah 5
ืขืจืืื ืคืจืง ืืณ ืืฉื ื ืืณ
5
One who purchases an ancestral field from his father, and his father subsequently died and afterward the son consecrated it, its halakhic status is like that of an ancestral field, as he inherited his fatherโs ancestral rights prior to the consecration. Consequently, the fieldโs redemption price is calculated on the basis of fifty sela per beit kor, and if another redeems it instead of the son, it is given to the priests during the Jubilee Year. But if the son consecrated the field and afterward his father died, its halakhic status is like that of a purchased field, whose redemption price is based on its monetary value, and which will return to the ancestral owner, i.e., the son, at the Jubilee; this is the statement of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Shimon say: Even in a case where the son consecrated the field before his father died, its halakhic status is like that of an ancestral field, as it is stated with regard to a purchased field: โAnd if he will consecrate unto the Lord a field that he has bought, which is not of his ancestral fieldโ (Leviticus 27:22), indicating that this halakha applies only to a field that is not due to become his ancestral field, thereby excluding this field, which at the time of consecration is due to become his ancestral field in the future, when his father dies. The mishna continues: A purchased field that was consecrated is not removed from the possession of the Temple treasury and given to the priests during the Jubilee Year, as the purchase of the land was valid only until the Jubilee, at which point fields return to their ancestral owners, and a person cannot consecrate an item that is not his. The priests and the Levites may always consecrate their ancestral fields and may always redeem their ancestral fields, both before the Jubilee Year and after the Jubilee Year.
ืึทืึผืึนืงึตืึท ืฉืึธืึถื ืึตืึธืึดืื, ืึตืช ืึธืึดืื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืงึฐืึผึดืืฉืึธืึผ, ืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึตื ืึฒืึปืึผึธื. ืึดืงึฐืึผึดืืฉืึธืึผ ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึตืช ืึธืึดืื, ืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึตื ืึดืงึฐื ึธื, ืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืจึทืึผึดื ืึตืึดืืจ. ืึฐืจึทืึผึดื ืึฐืืึผืึธื ืึฐืจึทืึผึดื ืฉืึดืึฐืขืึนื ืืึนืึฐืจึดืื, ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึตื ืึฒืึปืึผึธื, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ (ืืืงืจื ืื), ืึฐืึดื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึตื ืึดืงึฐื ึธืชืึน ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึนื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึตื ืึฒืึปืึผึธืชืึน, ืฉืึธืึถื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ืจึฐืืึผืึธื ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืฉืึฐืึตื ืึฒืึปืึผึธื, ืืึนืฆึตืืช ืืึน, ืฉืึถืึดืื ืจึฐืืึผืึธื ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืฉืึฐืึตื ืึฒืึปืึผึธื. ืฉืึฐืึตื ืึดืงึฐื ึธื ืึตืื ึธืึผ ืืึนืฆึฐืึธื ืึทืึผึนืึฒื ึดืื ืึผึทืึผืึนืึตื, ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึธืึธื ืึทืงึฐืึผึดืืฉื ืึผึธืึธืจ ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืฉืึถืึผืึน. ืึผึนืึฒื ึดืื ืึผืึฐืึดืึผึดื ืึทืงึฐืึผึดืืฉืึดืื ืึฐืขืึนืึธื, ืึฐืืึนืึฒืึดืื ืึฐืขืึนืึธื, ืึผึตืื ืึดืคึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผืึนืึตื, ืึผึตืื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึทืึผืึนืึตื:
ืืณ
ืืจืื ืืจื
ืืืืงื ืฉืื ืืืืื, ืืช ืืืื ืืื"ื ืืงืืืฉื ืืจื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื โ for prior to his dedicating/sanctifying it (i.e., his hand), it fell to him as an inheritance. Therefore, if he comes to redeem it, he redeems a Bet Kor for fifty shekels like an ancestral land, but he does not redeem it, but another redeems it, and it goes to the Kohanim in the Jubilee year (see Leviticus 27:16: โIf anyone consecrates to the LORD any land that he owns/ืฉืื ืืืืืชื, it assessment shall be in accordance with the seed requirements: fifty shekels of silver to a HOMER of barley seed.โ).
ืืจื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืงื ื โ for we follow after the time that it was dedicated/sanctified. But if he comes to redeem it, he redeems the field according to its worth like the law of an acquired field, but if he himself did not redeem but another person redeemed, it returns to him on the Jubilee [year]. For at the time it was dedicated/sanctified, its actual body was not his, for in the future it would return to his father in the Jubilee like all other sales, and like others who dedicate/sanctify an acquired field, since the person who redeems it from the hand of the treasurer restores/returns it on the Jubilee to whomever has the possession of the land [through inheritance], which is to the father of this one, for he inherits the power of his father. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.
ืฉืื ืืงื ื โ that he dedicated/sanctified it and another redeemed it, it does not out to the Kohanim on the Jubilee [year], for a person does not dedicate/sanctify something that is not his, and the land was not his other than until the Jubilee.
ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืงืืืฉืื ืืขืืื โ and even during the actual year of Jubilee itself. But an Israelite who dedicated/sanctified his field in the Jubilee year itself, it is not sanctified.
ืืืืืืื ืืขืืื โ what is not the case for an Israelite who does not redeem [his field] after the Jubilee, as it is it written (Leviticus 27:20): โ[But if he does not redeem the land,] and the land is sold to another, it shall no longer be redeemable,โ but a Kohen or a Levite that sanctified [to the Temple] land that he inherited from his forefathers, he can always redeem it, and even if a Jubilee [year] passed on it and it was not redeemed, he can redeem it after the Jubilee, as it is written (Leviticus 25:32): โ[As for the cities of the Levities, the houses in the cities that they hold -] the Levities shall forever have the right of redemption.โ
ืืืืงื ืฉืื ืืืืื, ืืช ืืืื ืืืืดื ืืงืืืฉื ืืจื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื. ืฉืืจื ืขื ืฉืื ืืงืืืฉื ื ืคืื ืื ืืืจืืฉื. ืืืื ืื ืื ืืคืืืชื, ืคืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืฉืงื ืืฉืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจ, ืืืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื:
ืืจื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืงื ื. ืืืชืจ ืฉืขื ืฉืืงืืืฉื ืืืืื ื. ืืื ืื ืืคืืืชื, ืคืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืงื ื, ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจ, ืืืืจืช ืื ืืืืื. ืฉืืจื ืืฉืขื ืฉืืงืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืคื ืฉืื, ืืขืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจืืช, ืืืฉืืจ ืืงืืืฉ ืฉืื ืืงื ื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืฉืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ, ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืฉื ืื, ืืื ืืืจืฉ ืืช ืื ืืืื. ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืณ ืืืืจ:
ืฉืื ืืงื ื. ืฉืืงืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืจ, ืืื ื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื, ืฉืืื ืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืฉืื, ืืงืจืงืข ืื ืืืชื ืฉืื ืืื ืขื ืืืืื:
ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืงืืืฉืื ืืขืืื. ืืืคืืื ืืฉื ืช ืืืืื ืขืฆืื. ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืงืืืฉ ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืช ืืืืื ืขืฆืื, ืืื ื ืืงืืืฉืช:
ืืืืืืื ืืขืืื. ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืคืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืื, ืืืืชืื (ืืืงืจื ืืดื) ืืื ืืืจ ืืช ืืฉืื ืืืืฉ ืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืขืื, ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืงืืืฉ ืงืจืงืข ืฉืืจืฉ ืืืืืชืื ืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืขืืื, ืืืคืืื ืขืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืคืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืื, ืืืืชืื (ืฉื ืืดื) ืืืืืช ืขืืื ืชืืื ืืืืื: