מקואות ט׳:ז׳ - י׳:א׳

זפתין (pitch/asphalt workers) – those who apply pitch to barrels. Alternatively, those who make the pitch/asphalt.

מפסלי אילנות (trimmers of trees) – that take the refuse from the trees. Another explanation: Those who cut down the trees. The language of (Exodus 34:1): “Carve [for yourself] (two tablets of stone like the first),” that he cuts the branches from the tree in order that it should become thick and that the body of the tree will grow.

של קייצין – who spread them out in the sun to dry out the fruit of the summer. Another explanation: those who collect the summer fruit. But all of these are not mindful regarding the dirtiness of their aprons. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

כל ידות הכלים – as for example, the handle of hatchet/mattock and those of a similar manner he inserted it with an iron tool.

שלא כדרכה – in a curve.

ולא מירקן (but did not finish them off – so that it fitted accurately) – but he did not complete their insertion. It is the language of "ומירק אחר שחיטה על ידו" /and another completed the ritual slaughter on his behalf, in Tractate Yoma 32b (but also in the Mishnah found in Tractate Yoma 31b or Chapter 3, Mishnah 4).

או שמירקן – that he completed their insertion but they broke.

כלי שהטבילו דרך פיו כאילו לא טבל – for every utensil that at the beginning of its insertion in water, he turns it upside down/inverts it on its mouth, the water does not enter in it ever even if he inserts all of it until he turns it [on its side].

בלא הזיבורית (if the vessel to be immersed has no saucer – a rim at the bottom, wider than the belly of the vessel, and which forces the water into the belly) – that he did not immerse the handle or something additional that is the utensil has on one of its ends, and for this they call it זיבורית that it is not of the essence of the utensil, and the water does not come on them until he turns it on its side. And all of these of our Mishnah the reason for all of them is that water will come on all of them.

קלמרין (inkstand – of ordinary men with a rim bent inside to prevent spilling) – a utensil that one places in it the ink. And similarly, we call it in the Roman language KALMARO. And there are of them where their mouths are sunk within them in order that the ink does not spill, even if it will be turned upside down on its mouth. But if he immersed it in its appropriate manner, the water does not enter into the sunken space that surrounds the mouth from inside, therefore, one needs to make an incision from the side.