זבחים ה׳:א׳ - ה׳:ב׳

איזהו מקומן של זבחים קדשי קדשים – burnt offerings, sin offerings and guilt offerings.

שחיטתן בצפון – a burnt offering is explicitly written regarding it (Leviticus 1:11 though the verse is not exactly the same as the one suggested by the commentary "ושחט אתו" vs. "ושחט אותה"): “It shall be slaughtered before the LORD on the north side of the altar.” The sin offering – it is written concerning it (Leviticus 6:18): “the sin offering shall be slaughtered before the LORD, at the spot where the burnt offering is slaughtered.” The Guilt offering, it is written concerning it (Leviticus 7:2): “The guilt offering shall be slaughtered at the spot where the burnt offering is slaughtered.”

שחיטתן בצפון – for it did not teach here, “and the receipt of its blood [in the vessels dedicated to the Temple service] in the north, even though in all of them, the receipt of their blood is in the north at the place of slaughtering. But because there is the guilt offering of the leper that the Kohen would receive part of his blood in his palm as it is written (Leviticus 14:14): “The priest shall take some of the blood of the guilt offering, and the priest shall put it [on the ridge of the right ear of him who is being cleansed, and on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot].” Just as the putting by the Kohen himself with his finger, even the taking of by the Kohen on his own. Because of this, it (i.e., the

Mishnah) did not write [concerning] the receipt of the blood, because the receiving of the blood is not equivalent.

פר ושעיר של יום הכפורים – even though it is written [in the Torah] regarding a burnt-offering [that is offered (after being slaughtered) in the north, the Tanna/teacher [of the Mishnah] advanced that of sin-offerings in the first clause [of the Mishnah], since it comes from an exposition [of the Biblical text], it is more beloved to him. But innermost sin-offerings since one brings their blood in the innermost Holy of Holies, it is beloved to him, and they advance them to the rest of the sin-offerings. But they also, their slaughtering is in the north, as it is written (Leviticus 4:29): “And the purification offering shall be slaughtered at the place of the burnt offering,” but it is an additional verse, for behold it is written (Leviticus 6:18): “the purification offering shall be slaughtered before the LORD at the spot where the burnt offering is slaughter,” but that is the creation of a class,( i.e., a conclusion, by analogy, from a case explicitly stated in Biblical law on all similar cases not specified in detail) for all the sin-offerings that they will be required in the north.

וקבול דמן בכלי שרת (in vessels dedicated to the Temple service) – as it is written in the burnt offering of Sinai (Exodus 24:6): “[Moses took on part of the blood] and pu it in basins, [and he other part of the blood he dashed against the altar.],’ and from it, we learned that all of the sacrifices require a utensil.

הזיה על בין הבדין – he stands between the two bars projecting from the Ark and sprinkles once above and seven [times] below corresponding to the thickness of the cover of the Holy Ark, and they would not touch it.

ועל הפרוכת – as it is written (Leviticus 16:16): “and he shall do the same for the Tent of Meeting,”[which abides with them in the midst of their impurity].”

ועל מזבח הזהב – as it is written (Leviticus 16:18): “he shall go out to the altar [that is before the LORD and purge it].” In the Order of the Divine Service of Yom Kippur in the Torah portion of Ahare Mot.

מתנה אחת מעכבת – as we have stated in the chapter “Bet Shammai” (Chapter 4 of Tractate Zevakhim) [36b], that regarding the bull offered for an unwitting communal sin, it is written (Leviticus 4:20): “He shall do with this bull just as is done with then [priest’s] bull of purification offering; he shall do the same with it,” and it is an extraneous Biblical verse, which [if improperly done] impairs, if he is missing one of the gifts, he did not attain atonement. And we expound upon (Leviticus 4:20): “He shall do with this bull” – this is the bull of Yom Kippur, and with it also, one gift impairs, like the bull offered for an unwitting communal sin.

אם לא נתן – the remnants of the blood to the base of the [golden] altar, he did not impair atonement, for after the sprinkling and giving of the blood in the Holy of Holies, it is written (Leviticus 16:20): “When he has finished purging the Shrine,” which implies that they had already completed all of the atonements entirely.

פרים הנשרפים – the bull offered for an unwitting communal sin and the bullock of the anointed High Priest, which are not consumed by Kohanim but are burned outside of Jerusalem.

ושעירים הנשרפים – the goats of idolatry, which are juxtaposed/compared to the bull offered of an unwitting communal sin for all of their (i.e., the Rabbis’) words.

הזיה על הפרוכת – seven sprinklings on the curtain. But between the boards [of the altar] there is no sprinkling written [in the Torah] concerning them like there is for the bullock of Yom Kippur, as it is written concerning it (Leviticus 16:14): “[He shall take some of the blood of the bull] and sprinkle it with his finger over the cover [on the east side].”

אלו ואלו – of Yom Kippur and the rest of [the sacrifices] that are burned [entirely].

נשרפים בבית הדשן – to the place where they remove from there the ashes of the outer altar, as it is written concerning it (Leviticus 6:4): “and carry the ashes outside the camp.” And regarding the burned bullocks, it is written (Leviticus 4:12): “it shall be burned on the ash heap.”