Parah 8:9 - 8:10

מים המוכין – that damage, as for example, that they are salty and tepid.

פסולין – for the waters of the sin-offering/the Red Heifer.

מים המכזבין (waters which fail at certain times) – that stop, like (Isaiah 58:11): “like a spring whose waters do not fail.”

פסולין – for we require living/fresh waters.

אחד בשבוע (once in seven years) – but once in a jubilee/יובל is well/good as they are called “living waters.”

בפולמסיות – the soldiers of ravaging troops that drink and ruin them.

בשני בצרון – years where rain fall stops.

ור' יהודה פוסל – even those that do not fail other than in wartime or in years of drought. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

מי קרמיון ומי פוגה – they are rivers in the land of Israel:

the swamp waters {see also Talmud Bava Batra 74b, listing the four rivers: The Jordan, the Yarmukh, the Karmiyon and Fugah, whereas the Arukh in its entry on Karmiyon mentions a verse from Second Kings, Chapter 5, Verse 12: “Are not the Amanah and the Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? I could bathe in them and be clean!”). It is the language of (Job 8:11): “Can papyrus thrive without marsh? [Can rushes grow without water],” meaning to say water in which clay/mortar and plaster/mud is combined/mixed in them. But the All-Merciful stated (Numbers 19:17): “fresh water shall be added to them in a vessel,” but here there is an interposition/an intervening object between the water to the vessel.

מי תערובת (mixed waters)- they are unfit waters for they are combined/mixed.

אחד פסול ואחד כשר – and they combined, it is prohibited to mix from the place of combination/mixture and below.

ר' יהודה פוסל – even if both of them are fit/appropriate, Rabbi Yehuda invalidates taking from the place of combination/mixture, as a decree on account of one that is unfit. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.