Mishnah.org Logo

המשנה היומית של היום

גיטין ז׳:ז׳ - ז׳:ח׳

The Mishnah Yomi for Thursday, July 4, 2024 is גיטין ז׳:ז׳ - ז׳:ח׳

＜ היום הקודםהיוםלמחרת ＞

משנה א

Mishnayos Gittin Perek 7 Mishnah 7

גיטין פרק ז׳ משנה ז׳

7
If a resident of the region of Judea intending to embark on a journey to the Galilee said to his wife: This is your bill of divorce if I do not come back from now until the conclusion of thirty days, and when he was going from Judea to the Galilee he reached Antipatris and he returned immediately, his condition is void and his wife is not divorced, even if he subsequently returns to the Galilee for longer than thirty days. The reason for this is because he reached the Galilee and returned to Judea within the time he had allotted. Similarly, if a resident of the region of the Galilee intending to embark on a journey to Judea said to his wife: This is your bill of divorce if I do not come back from now until the conclusion of thirty days, and he was going from the Galilee to Judea, and he reached Kefar Otnai and returned immediately, his condition is void and his wife is not divorced, even if he subsequently returns to Judea for longer than thirty days. Similarly, if a resident of Eretz Yisrael intending to embark on a journey to a country overseas said to his wife: This is your bill of divorce if I do not come back from now until the conclusion of thirty days, and he was going to a country overseas, and he reached Akko and returned immediately, his condition is void and his wife is not divorced, even if he subsequently travels to a country overseas for longer than thirty days. If a husband said to his wife: This is your bill of divorce if at any time I will depart from your presence for thirty consecutive days, then even if he was continually going and coming, going and coming, since he was not secluded with her during these thirty days, this is a valid bill of divorce.
הֲרֵי זֶה גִטֵּךְ אִם לֹא בָאתִי מִכָּאן וְעַד שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם, וְהָיָה הוֹלֵךְ מִיהוּדָה לַגָּלִיל, הִגִּיעַ לְאַנְטִיפַּטְרֶס וְחָזַר, בָּטֵל תְּנָאוֹ. הֲרֵי זֶה גִטֵּךְ אִם לֹא בָאתִי מִכָּאן עַד שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם, וְהָיָה הוֹלֵךְ מִגָּלִיל לִיהוּדָה, וְהִגִּיעַ לִכְפַר עוֹתְנַאי וְחָזַר, בָּטֵל תְּנָאוֹ. הֲרֵי זֶה גִטֵּךְ אִם לֹא בָאתִי מִכָּאן עַד שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם, וְהָיָה הוֹלֵךְ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם וְהִגִּיעַ לְעַכּוֹ וְחָזַר, בָּטֵל תְּנָאוֹ. הֲרֵי זֶה גִטֵּךְ כָּל זְמַן שֶׁאֶעֱבֹר מִכְּנֶגֶד פָּנַיִךְ שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם, הָיָה הוֹלֵךְ וּבָא, הוֹלֵךְ וּבָא, הוֹאִיל וְלֹא נִתְיַחֵד עִמָּהּ, הֲרֵי זֶה גֵט:
ז׳
ברטנורא

הגיע לאנטיפטרס – The Gemara explains this Mishnah, such as two conditions were made: either I reach the Galilee, immediately it is a Jewish bill of divorce or if I do not reach the Galilee if we delay for thirty days and I do not come, it is a Jewish bill of divorce (i.e., it takes effect), and if not, it is not a Jewish bill of divorce (i.e., it does not take effect). If he went and arrived at Antipras which is at the end of the land of Judea and returned prior to thirty days, the Jewish bill of divorce is nullified, for he did not arrive in the Galilee and did not stay there for thirty days. And similarly if…

היה הולך מגליל ליהודה והגיע לכפר עותנאי – which is at the edge of the border of the Galilee, for he did not go abroad nor did he stay there for thirty days.

כל זמן שאעבור מנגד פניך ל' יום – By my staying there thirty days, I have been out of your sight, then it will be a Jewish bill of divorce.

והיה הולך ובא וכו' – And afterwards, when he will tarry there for thirty days, he will be out of her sight, and it will be a Jewish bill of divorce. But we do not say that since, from the beginning, he was coming and going, for we suspect lest he appeased a quarrel between them, and the Jewish bill of divorce was nullified, that in the aftermath, he did not cohabit with her at the time when he was coming and going , we do not suspect that perhaps he appeased [her], but when he fulfills his conditions and tarries for thirty days with him being out of her sight, it is a Jewish bill of divorce. And in the Gemara, it is maintained [that this refers to] when he says at the time of [making] the condition, “on the condition of this, I deliver the Jewish bill of divorce” – that she will be trustworthy to me like one-hundred witnesses as song as she says that I did not come and cohabit [with her] and that I appeased [her]. And such is the Halakha, for if he did not say this at the time of the condition, we suspect lest the husband will comeand raise a complaint and say that I appeased [her].

הגיע לאנטיפטרס. מפרש בגמרא משנה זו, כגון דאתני שני תנאים, אי מטינא לגליל, לאלתר ליהוי גיטא. ואי לא מטינא לגליל, אי משתהינן תלתין יומין ולא אתינא ליהוי גיטא, ואי לא, לא ליהוי גיטא. והלך והגיע לאנטיפרס שהוא סוף ארץ יהודה וחזר קודם שלשים יום, בטל הגט. דלא לגליל מטא, ולא אשתהי תלתין יומין:

וכן אם היה הולך מגליל ליהודה והגיע לכפר עותנאי. שהוא בקצה גבול הגליל:

וכן אם היה הולך למדינת הים והגיע לעכו. שהוא בקצה גבול של א״י וחזר בתוך ל׳ יום, בטל הגט. שהרי לא הלך למדינת הים וגם לא נשתהה ל׳ יום:

כל זמן שאעבור מנגד פניך ל׳ יום. כשאשתהה ל׳ יום עובר מנגד פניך אז יהא גט:

והיה הולך ובא וכו׳ לאחר מכאן כשישתהה ל׳ יום עובר מנגד פניה, יהא גט. ולא אמרינן הואיל ומעיקרא היה הולך ובא, ניחוש שמא פייס קטטה שביניהם ובטל גיטא, דמאחר שלא נתייחד עמה בשעה שהיה הולך ובא, לא חיישינן שמא פייס. וכי מקיים תנאיה ושהה ל׳ יום עובר מנגד פניה, הוי גיטא. ובגמרא מוקי לה באומר בשעת התנאי ע״מ כן אני מוסר לה הגט, שתהא נאמנת עלי כמאה עדים כל זמן שתאמר שלא באתי ונתיחדתי ופייסתי. וכן הלכה. שאם לא אמר כן בשעת התנאי, חיישינן שמא יבא בעל ויערער ויאמר פייסתי:

משנה ב

Mishnayos Gittin Perek 7 Mishnah 8

גיטין פרק ז׳ משנה ח׳

8
If a husband says to his wife: This is your bill of divorce if I do not come back from now until the conclusion of twelve months, and he died within twelve months, it is not a valid bill of divorce. This is because the bill of divorce cannot take effect after the husband’s death. As a result, she is bound by a levirate bond if her husband has no children. By contrast, if he said to her: This is your bill of divorce from now if I do not come back from now until the conclusion of twelve months, and he died within twelve months, this is a valid bill of divorce. This is because the bill of divorce takes effect retroactively. Since he did not return within the year the condition was fulfilled.
הֲרֵי זֶה גִטֵּךְ אִם לֹא בָאתִי מִכָּאן וְעַד שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ, וּמֵת בְּתוֹךְ שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ, אֵינוֹ גֵט. הֲרֵי זֶה גִטֵּךְ מֵעַכְשָׁיו אִם לֹא בָאתִי מִכָּאן וְעַד שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ, וּמֵת בְּתוֹךְ שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ, הֲרֵי זֶה גֵט:
ח׳
ברטנורא

אינו גט – but since he did not say, “from now,” it implies that after twelve months it would be a Jewish bill of divorce, and behold, he died within that time period, and she would need her dead husband’s brother [if they had no children in their marriage while he was alive] to marry her.

אינו גט. דכיון דלא אמר מעכשיו, משמע לאחר שנים עשר חודש יהא גט, והרי מת בתוך הזמן וצריכה ליבם:

שאלות נפוצות על משנה יומית

עדיין יש לכם שאלה? צרו קשר