Keilim 24:1 - 24:2

שלשה תריסין הן – there are three laws divided/disputed from each other regarding shields, which are protecting.

תריס הכפוף (bent shield) – which is found with us, that surround a person from three directions.

טמא מדרס – that is made for lying, that we lie upon it during war, and all the more so, that it defiles through that which is impure through contact with a corpse, that we hold that all who are impure through treading are defiled through contact with a corpse.

שמשחקין בו בקומפון (with which they play in the field/plain for exercise and amusement) – in the field of the king’s valley, two come, each one with his sword in his hand sand a small round shield that is not bent in his left hand, and each of them learn to defend with his shield so that his fellow doesn’t strike him. And we call it ASHGARIMER in the foreign language.

טמא טמא מת –and the same law applies when he is defiled from the defilement of a reptile or from a carrion and the rest of the defilements together, except for treading, which is not made one of the original causes of Levitical uncleanness if a person with gonorrhea lay on it or sat upon it, but rather first degree [of Levitical uncleanness] like when having contact with someone with gonorrhea.

ודיצת הערביין (a shield used at Arabian sports) – the smallest shield that the Arabs use for dancing/rejoicing and for joy and sport, but it is not a vessel of use [and is clean of all uncleanness].

בקתדרא (of a throne) – which is short and surrounded from three sides.

טמאה מדרס – that it is designated for sitting.

כמטה – which is long and designated for placing on it wares/goods. And a person who lies on it, we say to him, “Stand up and let us do our work.”

ושל אבנים – that is made to carry stones on it.

טהורה מכלום – because it is breached from its bottom with large incisions like one that produces a pomegranate.