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נזיר ד׳:ד׳ - ד׳:ה׳

The Mishnah Yomi for Sunday, September 1, 2019 is נזיר ד׳:ד׳ - ד׳:ה׳

＜ היום הקודםהיוםלמחרת ＞

משנה א

Mishnayos Nazir Perek 4 Mishnah 4

נזיר פרק ד׳ משנה ד׳

4
With regard to a woman who vowed to be a nazirite and separated her animals for her offerings of purity at the end of her term, and afterward her husband nullified her vow, which means that she is not in fact a nazirite, what becomes of these animals? If the animal was his, it shall go out and graze among the flock until it becomes blemished, like regular non-consecrated animals. And if the animal was hers, different halakhot apply to the various offerings: The animal she set aside as a sin-offering must be left to die by being shut in an enclosed area and deprived of food and water, as will be explained in the Gemara. And the animal separated for a burnt-offering is sacrificed on the altar as a burnt-offering, as in any case one may bring a voluntary burnt-offering. As for the one designated for a peace-offering, it is sacrificed as a voluntary peace-offering. And this peace-offering is eaten for only one day, in accordance with the halakha of the nazirite’s peace-offering, despite the fact that regular peace-offerings may be eaten for two days. But the offering does not require bread, i.e., loaves and wafers, unlike that of a nazirite. If she had unallocated funds, i.e., she had separated money for her offerings but had not stated which coins were designated for which offering, all the money will be earmarked for communal gift offerings. If she had allocated funds, i.e., she had decided which coins were for the payment of each offering, even if she had not yet purchased the animals, the money for the sin-offering is taken and cast into the Dead Sea, i.e., it must be destroyed, either by being thrown into the sea or by some other means. One may not benefit from it, as it possesses a measure of sanctity, but one also does not misuse property consecrated to the Temple with it. In other words, if one did derive benefit from this money he is not liable to bring an offering for misusing consecrated property. As for the money for the burnt-offering, a burnt-offering is brought with those coins, and one who benefits from it is liable for misuse of consecrated property, as it is sacred since it can be used toward the purchase of a gift offering. Similarly, with regard to the money for a peace-offering, a peace-offering is brought with those coins, and it is eaten for one day and does not require bread.
הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁנָּדְרָה בְנָזִיר וְהִפְרִישָׁה אֶת בְּהֶמְתָּהּ וְאַחַר כָּךְ הֵפֵר לָהּ בַּעְלָהּ, אִם שֶׁלּוֹ הָיְתָה בְהֶמְתָּהּ, תֵּצֵא וְתִרְעֶה בָעֵדֶר. וְאִם שֶׁלָּהּ הָיְתָה בְהֶמְתָּהּ, הַחַטָּאת תָּמוּת, וְעוֹלָה תִּקְרַב עוֹלָה, וְהַשְּׁלָמִים יִקְרְבוּ שְׁלָמִים, וְנֶאֱכָלִין לְיוֹם אֶחָד, וְאֵינָן טְעוּנִין לָחֶם. הָיוּ לָהּ מָעוֹת סְתוּמִים, יִפְּלוּ לִנְדָבָה. מָעוֹת מְפֹרָשִׁים, דְּמֵי חַטָּאת, יֵלְכוּ לְיַם הַמֶּלַח, לֹא נֶהֱנִים וְלֹא מוֹעֲלִים בָּהֶן. דְּמֵי עוֹלָה, יָבִיאוּ עוֹלָה, וּמוֹעֲלִים בָּהֶן. דְּמֵי שְׁלָמִים, יָבִיאוּ שְׁלָמִים, וְנֶאֱכָלִין לְיוֹם אֶחָד, וְאֵינָן טְעוּנִין לָחֶם:
ד׳
ברטנורא

ואם שלה – such as the example that another person gave her [an animal] as a gift on the condition that her husband does not have control over them since usufruct (i.e., part of the wife’s estate of which the husband has the fruition without responsibility for loss or deterioration) and mort-main (i.e., wife’s estate held by her husband, which, in the case of her death or divorce, he must restore “in specie, being responsible with all his landed property for loss or deterioration) are mortgaged to her husband.

חטאת תמות – we wait for it until it dies.

ונאכלין ליום אחד – like he peace offerings of the Nazirite which are not eaten other than during the day and night.

ואין טעונין לחם – for all peace offerings of a Nazirite require bread, and this is the case, for since the husband annulled her vow, these peace offerings do not require [a] bread [offering] (unlike the of offering of a Nazirite).

והיו לה מעות סתומים – that she had set undesignated coins for the sacrifices of a Nazirite, and she did not designate the 0 these for a sin-offering, and these for a burnt offering and these for a peace offering.

יפלו לנדבה – to the chests in the Temple where they would cast the rest of the monies as a free-will [to

לא נהנין ולא מועלין – ab ignition it is prohibited to benefit from them and if he benefited, he is not liable to bring a sacrifice of religious sacrilege that is mentioned regarding whomever benefits from that which is dedicated [to the Temple].

ואם שלה. כגון שנתן לה אחר במתנה ע״מ שאין לבעלה רשות בהן. דנכסי מלוג ונכסי צאן ברזל כולן משועבדים לבעלה:

חטאת תמות. ממתינין לה עד שתמות:

ונאכלין ליום אחד. כשלמי נזיר שאין נאכלים אלא ליום ולילה:

ואין טעונין לחם. שכל שלמי נזיר טעונים לחם, וזו הואיל והפר לה בעלה אין שלמים הללו טעונין לחם:

היו לה מעות סתומים. שהפרישתן סתם לקרבנות נזיר, ולא פירשה אלו הם לחטאת ואלו הם לעולה ואלו הם לשלמים:

יפלו לנדבה. לתיבות שבמקדש שמשליכים בהם שאר מעות נדבה וקונים מהן קרבנות שכולן עולות:

לא נהנין ולא מועלין. לכתחילה אסור ליהנות בהן, ואם נהנה אינו חייב להביא קרבן מעילה האמור בכל מי שנהנה מן ההקדש:

משנה ב

Mishnayos Nazir Perek 4 Mishnah 5

נזיר פרק ד׳ משנה ה׳

5
The previous mishna discussed the case of a husband who nullified his wife’s vow after she separated her offerings of naziriteship. This mishna deals with a husband who nullified his wife’s naziriteship after she had completed her term and brought her offerings to the Temple. If the blood from one of her naziriteship offerings was sprinkled on the altar on her behalf, the husband cannot nullify her vow at this point. Rabbi Akiva says: Even before the sprinkling of the blood, he cannot nullify the vow as soon as any one of the animals for her offerings has been slaughtered on her behalf. The mishna continues: In what case is this statement, that he can no longer nullify the vow, said? It is when she is bringing the offerings for her shaving of ritual purity, when she has completed her term of naziriteship without becoming ritually impure (see Numbers 6:18). However, if she is sacrificing the offerings for her shaving of impurity, when she became ritually impure during her term of naziriteship, after which she restarts her naziriteship (see Numbers 6:9), her husband can nullify her vow. The reason is that he can say: I do not want a downcast [menuvvelet] wife, who does not drink wine. She would have to refrain from wine for a lengthy period if she were to begin her naziriteship anew. Rabbi Meir says: He can nullify her vow even at the stage of her shaving of purity, after she has begun sacrificing her offerings, as he can say: I do not want a shaven wife, and a nazirite is obligated to shave after bringing his or her offerings.
נִזְרַק עָלֶיהָ אֶחָד מִן הַדָּמִים, אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהָפֵר. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, אֲפִלּוּ נִשְׁחֲטָה עָלֶיהָ אַחַת מִכָּל הַבְּהֵמוֹת, אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהָפֵר. בַּמֶּה דְבָרִים אֲמוּרִים, בְּתִגְלַחַת הַטָּהֳרָה. אֲבָל בְּתִגְלַחַת הַטֻּמְאָה, יָפֵר, שֶׁהוּא יָכוֹל לוֹמַר אִי אֶפְשִׁי בְאִשָּׁה מְנֻוָּלֶת. רַבִּי אוֹמֵר, אַף בְּתִגְלַחַת הַטָּהֳרָה יָפֵר, שֶׁהוּא יָכוֹל לוֹמַר אִי אֶפְשִׁי בְּאִשָּׁה מְגֻלָּחַת:
ה׳
ברטנורא

נזרק עליה אחד מן הדמים אינו יכול להפר – for after the blood is tossed [for her], she is able to drink wine and become defiled to the dead, and there is no longer a vow of self-affliction.

רבי עקיבא אומר אפילו נשחטה עליה אחת מכל הבהמות אינו יכול להפר – because of the loss of holy things.

תגלחת טומאה יפר – they need to return and to count a [period of] Naziriteship of purity and he can say that he doesn’t want a disgraceful wife, meaning to say, afflicted and prevented from drinking wine.

אף בתגלחת הטהרה יפר – in order that she doesn’t have to disgrace herself with shaving, for shaving for a woman is disgraceful, but the first Tanna/teacher holds that shaving is not disgraceful, for she can make a wig. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Akiva nor according to Rabbi [Judah the Prince].

נזרק עליה אחד מן הדמים אינו יכול להפר. דלאחר שנזרק הדם היא יכולה לשתות יין וליטמא למתים, ואין כאן יותר נדר של ענוי נפש: רבי עקיבא אומר אפילו נשחטה עליה אחת מכל הבהמות אינו יכול להפר. משום הפסד קדשים:

תגלחת טומאה יפר. שצריכים לחזור ולמנות נזירות טהרה, ויכול לומר אי אפשי באשה מנוולת, כלומר מעונה ומנועה משתיית יין:

אף בתגלחת הטהרה יפר. כדי שלא תצטרך להתנוול בגילוח, דגילוח באשה ניוול הוא. ותנא קמא סבר אין הגלוח ניוול שהרי יכולה לעשות פאה נכרית. ואין הלכה לא כרבי עקיבא ולא כרבי:

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