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המשנה היומית של היום

נדרים ט׳:ד׳ - ט׳:ה׳

The Mishnah Yomi for Saturday, September 28, 2019 is נדרים ט׳:ד׳ - ט׳:ה׳

＜ היום הקודםהיוםלמחרת ＞

משנה א

Mishnayos Nedarim Perek 9 Mishnah 4

נדרים פרק ט׳ משנה ד׳

4
And Rabbi Meir further said: The halakhic authorities may broach dissolution with him from that which is written in the Torah, and they may say to him: Had you known that through your vow you are transgressing the prohibition “you shall not take vengeance” (Leviticus 19:18) and the prohibition “nor bear any grudge” (Leviticus 19:18), and the prohibition “you shall not hate your brother in your heart” (Leviticus 19:17), and “you shall love your neighbor as yourself” (Leviticus 19:18), as well as “and your brother should live with you” (Leviticus 25:36), as he, the one prohibited by the vow, is poor and now you are not able to provide him with a livelihood due to your vow, would you have vowed in that case? If he said in reply: Had I known that it is so, that my vow involved all these prohibitions, I would not have vowed; it is dissolved.
וְעוֹד אָמַר רַבִּי מֵאִיר פּוֹתְחִין לוֹ מִן הַכָּתוּב שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה וְאוֹמְרִים לוֹ, אִלּוּ הָיִיתָ יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁאַתָּה עוֹבֵר עַל לֹא תִקֹּם וְעַל לֹא תִטֹּר (ויקרא יט), וְעַל לֹא תִשְׂנָא אֶת אָחִיךָ בִּלְבָבֶךָ (שם), וְאָהַבְתָּ לְרֵעֲךָ כָּמוֹךָ (שם), וְחֵי אָחִיךָ עִמָּךְ (שם כה), שֶׁמָּא יֵעָנִי וְאֵין אַתָּה יָכוֹל לְפַרְנְסוֹ. אָמַר, אִלּוּ הָיִיתִי יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁהוּא כֵן, לֹא הָיִיתִי נוֹדֵר, הֲרֵי זֶה מֻתָּר:
ד׳
ברטנורא

אילו הייתי יודע שכן הוא לא הייתי נודר הרי זה מותר – after the Sage loosens/absolves him [from his vow], and all that he vowed [against] benefit from his fellow, when they release him, they don’t release him other than in the presence of his fellow, as it is written (Exodus 4:19): “The LORD said to Moses in Midian, ‘Go back to Egypt, [for all the men who sought to kill you are dead’],” the Holy One Blessed be He said to Moses: “In Midian, you made a vow; in Midian go and releave your vow.” Because Moses swore to his father-in-law (i.e., Jethro) that he would not move from Midian without his permission, as it is written (Exodus 2:21): “Moses consented to stay with the man, [and he gave Moses his daughter Zipporah as wife],” and it was necessary for the Holy One Blessed be He to go and release his vow in his presence.

אילו הייתי יודע שכן הוא לא הייתי נודר הרי זה מותר. אחר שיתירנו החכם. וכל המודר הנאה מחבירו, כשמתירין לו אין מתירין אלא בפני חבירו, דכתיב (שמות ד׳:י״ט) ויאמר ה׳ אל משה במדין לך שוב, אמר לו הקב״ה למשה, במדין נדרת במדין לך והתר את נדרך. לפי שנשבע משה לחותנו שלא יזוז ממדין בלא רשותו, דכתיב (שם ב׳) ויואל משה לשבת את האיש, והצריכו הקב״ה ללכת להתיר נדרו בפניו:

משנה ב

Mishnayos Nedarim Perek 9 Mishnah 5

נדרים פרק ט׳ משנה ה׳

5
The halakhic authorities may broach dissolution with a man by raising the issue of his wife’s marriage contract. If one takes a vow that would require him to divorce his wife, e.g., he prohibits her from deriving benefit from him, his vow may be dissolved by asking him whether he had considered how difficult it would be to pay her marriage contract. The mishna relates: And an incident occurred with regard to one who vowed against his wife deriving benefit from him, and her marriage contract was worth four hundred dinars. And he came before Rabbi Akiva, and he obligated him to give her the payment of her marriage contract. He said to Rabbi Akiva: My teacher, my father left eight hundred dinars as our inheritance, of which my brother took four hundred and I took four hundred. Isn’t it enough for my wife to take two hundred and I will have two hundred? Rabbi Akiva said to him: Your claim is not accepted, as even if you sell the hair on your head, you must give her the full payment of her marriage contract. He said to him: Had I known that it was so, that I would have to give her all my property, I would not have vowed. And Rabbi Akiva permitted her to derive benefit from him.
פּוֹתְחִין לָאָדָם בִּכְתֻבַּת אִשְׁתּוֹ. וּמַעֲשֶׂה בְאֶחָד שֶׁנָּדַר מֵאִשְׁתּוֹ הֲנָאָה וְהָיְתָה כְתֻבָּתָהּ אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת דִּינָרִין, וּבָא לִפְנֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא וְחִיְּבוֹ לִתֵּן לָהּ כְּתֻבָּתָהּ. אָמַר לוֹ, רַבִּי, שְׁמֹנֶה מֵאוֹת דִּינָרִין הִנִּיחַ אַבָּא, וְנָטַל אָחִי אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת וַאֲנִי אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת, לֹא דַיָּהּ שֶׁתִּטֹּל הִיא מָאתַיִם, וַאֲנִי מָאתָיִם. אָמַר לוֹ רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, אֲפִלּוּ אַתָּה מוֹכֵר שְׂעַר רֹאשְׁךָ, אַתָּה נוֹתֵן לָהּ כְּתֻבָּתָהּ. אָמַר לוֹ, אִלּוּ הָיִיתִי יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁהוּא כֵן, לֹא הָיִיתִי נוֹדֵר, וְהִתִּירָהּ רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא:
ה׳
ברטנורא

פותחין לו בכתובת אשתו – payment of her Ketubah if he took a vow to divorce her.

פותחין לו בכתובת אשתו. בפרעון כתובתה אם נדר לגרשה:

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