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משנה א

Mishnayos Nedarim Perek 6 Mishnah 10

נדרים פרק ו׳ משנה י׳

10
One who vows that cabbage is forbidden to him is prohibited from eating ispargus, as that is a type of cabbage. However, one who vows that ispargus is forbidden to him is permitted to eat cabbage. One who vows that pounded beans are forbidden to him is prohibited from eating pounded bean stew [mikpa]. However, Rabbi Yosei rules that he is permitted to eat it.One who vows that pounded beans are forbidden to him is prohibited from eating pounded bean stew. However, Rabbi Yosei rules that he is permitted to eat it. One who vows that pounded bean stew is forbidden to him is permitted to eat pounded beans according to all opinions. One who vows that stew is forbidden to him is prohibited from eating the garlic of the stew. However, Rabbi Yosei rules that he is permitted to eat the garlic. One who vows that garlic is forbidden to him is permitted to eat stew. One who vows that lentils are forbidden to him is prohibited from eating ashishim, a dish made from lentils. However, Rabbi Yosei permits it. It is agreed by all opinions that one who vows that ashishim is forbidden to him is permitted to eat lentils. If one says: Ḥitta, wheat in singular form, or ḥittim, wheat in plural form, are konam for me, and for that reason I will not taste them, he is prohibited from eating wheat, whether as flour or bread. If one says: Pounded bean or pounded beans are konam for me, and for that reason I will not taste them, he is prohibited from eating them, whether raw or cooked. Rabbi Yehuda says that if one says: Pounded bean or ḥitta is konam for me, and for that reason I will not taste them, he is permitted to chew them raw, as that is not the normal way to eat them, and therefore was not included in the intention of the vow.
מִן הַכְּרוּב, אָסוּר בְּאִסְפַּרְגּוֹס. מִן הָאִסְפַּרְגּוֹס, מֻתָּר בִּכְרוּב. מִן הַגְּרִיסִים, אָסוּר מִן הַמִּקְפָּה, וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי מַתִּיר. מִן הַמִּקְפָּה, מֻתָּר בִּגְרִיסִין. מִן הַמִּקְפָּה, אָסוּר בְּשׁוּם, וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי מַתִּיר. מִן הַשּׁוּם, מֻתָּר בְּמִקְפָּה. מִן הָעֲדָשִׁים, אָסוּר בַּאֲשִׁישִׁין, וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי מַתִּיר. מִן הָאֲשִׁישִׁים, מֻתָּר בַּעֲדָשִׁים. חִטָּה חִטִּים שֶׁאֵינִי טוֹעֵם, אָסוּר בָּהֶן בֵּין קֶמַח בֵּין פָּת. גְּרִיס גְּרִיסִין שֶׁאֵינִי טוֹעֵם, אָסוּר בָּהֶן בֵּין חַיִּין בֵּין מְבֻשָּׁלִים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, קוֹנָם גְּרִיס אוֹ חִטָּה שֶׁאֵינִי טוֹעֵם, מֻתָּר לָכוֹס חַיִּים:
י׳
ברטנורא

אספרגוס – it is a kind of cabbage, but cabbage is not called by the name of asparagus. Another explanation: Asparagus, the water that the cabbage seethed in it.

מן הגיסין אסור במקפה – for even though that they are placed in the stiff mass of grist, oil and onions/the porriage, the name of the dish of pounded grains is upon them.

ורבי יוסי מתיר – for he holds that it is called a porridge of pounded grains, it is not called mere pounded grains.

מקפה – a thick cooked dish of beans or of a sort of pudding consisting of minced meats, mixed with wine and spices.

הנודר מן המקפה אסור בשום – it was customary to put garlic in every porridge in order that it would provide flavor, and the garlic is the stiff mass of grist, oil and onions.

אסור באשישין (cake made with boiled lentils impregnated with honey) – the refuse of lentils, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi in these three segments of our Mishnah.

חטה חטים שאיני טועם – a grain of wheat, implies baked bread; wheat [ground up] implies to chew.

אספרגוס. מין כרוב הוא, אלא שאין כרוב נקרא בשם אספרגוס. פירוש אחר, אספרגוס, המים ששלקו בהם הכרוב:

מן הגריסין אסור במקפה. שאע״פ שהם נתונים לתוך המקפה עדיין שם גריסין עליהם:

ורבי יוסי מתיר. דקסבר מקפה של גריסין מקרו, גריסין גרידא לא מקרו:

מקפה. תבשיל עב של קטנית או של ציקי קדרה:

הנודר מן המקפה אסור בשום. רגילים היו לתת שום בכל מקפה כדי שיתן טעם, והשום הוא המקפה:

אסור באשישין. פסולת של עדשים. ואין הלכה כר׳ יוסי בתלתא בבי דמתניתין:

חטה חטים שאיני טועם. חטה משמע פת אפויה, חטים משמע לכוס:

משנה ב

Mishnayos Nedarim Perek 7 Mishnah 1

נדרים פרק ז׳ משנה א׳

1
For one who vows that vegetables are forbidden to him, it is permitted for him to eat gourds, as people typically do not include gourds in the category of vegetables; and Rabbi Akiva prohibits him from eating gourds. The Rabbis said to Rabbi Akiva: But doesn’t a person say to his agent: Purchase vegetables for me, and the agent, after failing to find vegetables, returns with gourds and says: I found only gourds? This indicates that gourds are not considered vegetables. Rabbi Akiva said to them: The matter is so, and that proves my opinion; or perhaps, does the agent return and say: I found only legumes? Rather, it is apparent that gourds are included in the category of vegetables, although they differ from other vegetables, and therefore, the agent purchases gourds and explains that he found only gourds. And legumes are not included in the category of vegetables, and that is why the agent dispatched to purchase vegetables would not purchase legumes at all. And for one who vows that vegetables are forbidden to him, it is prohibited to eat the fresh cowpea, which is considered a vegetable, and it is permitted to eat dry cowpea, which is not a vegetable.
הַנּוֹדֵר מִן הַיָּרָק, מֻתָּר בִּדְלוּעִין. וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹסֵר. אָמְרוּ לוֹ לְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, וַהֲלֹא אוֹמֵר אָדָם לִשְׁלוּחוֹ קַח לִי יָרָק וְהוּא אוֹמֵר לֹא מָצָאתִי אֶלָּא דְלוּעִין. אָמַר לָהֶם, כֵּן הַדָּבָר, אוֹ שֶׁמָּא אוֹמֵר הוּא לוֹ לֹא מָצָאתִי אֶלָּא קִטְנִית, אֶלָּא שֶׁהַדְּלוּעִין בִּכְלָל יָרָק, וְקִטְנִית אֵינָן בִּכְלָל יָרָק. וְאָסוּר בְּפוֹל הַמִּצְרִי לַח, וּמֻתָּר בַּיָּבֵשׁ:
א׳
ברטנורא

הנודר מן הירק. לא מצאתי אלא דלועין – and if it is a species of vegetable, why doesn’t he purchase it for him?

כן הדבר – and from there I bring a proof. Lest he say I did not find [anything] but pulse. And since I come to consult on the gourd, I can see that it is a kind of vegetable. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.

הנודר מן הירק. לא מצאתי אלא דלועין. ואם מין ירק הוא אמאי לא זבין ליה:

כן הדבר. ומשם אני מביא ראיה. שמא אומר לא מצאתי אלא קטנית. ומדקא אתי להמלך על הדלועין אלמא מין ירק הוא. והלכה כחכמים:

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