שבת כ׳:ה׳ - כ״א:א׳

הקש שעל מטה – merely for kindling and it is Muktzeh/something set aside/designated for weekday use only and when he comes to lie on it and moves it about in order to be soft and looks to lie on it.

לא ינענענו בידיו – for it is Muktzeh but he may move it with his body [or] his shoulders, for it is carrying from the side, and it is not called carrying.

או שהיה עליו כר או סדין – for he revealed his intention that he set it aside for sleeping so from now it has the status of a utensil.

מכבש – two boards that they place the clothes between them after laundering them and they fasten the upper board on the clothing that are lying on the lower board, in order that they fold nicely.

מתירין – that is for the needs of the Sabbath to take the clothing, but we do not press/tighten them for that is a need of the weekdays.

ושל כובסים לא יגע בו – because it is made to repair clothing and fasten them more , and loosening them is similar to tearing down/destroying and the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda..

נוטל אדם את בנו – in the courtyard and the stone is in his hand, but we don’t say that he is carrying regarding the stone.

כלכלה – basket

והאבן בתוכה – and it is the case that there will be fruit/produce in the basket, for if there were no fruit in it, it would be made the basis for a prohibited thing for it is prohibited to carry it, and there needs also that there would be in it fruit so that if he casts them on the ground, they would be detestable, such as mulberries and grapes and similar things, but if there were no fruit in it, such as nuts and almonds, he would empty the fruit and they would fall, but the detestable fruit also such as mulberries and grapes, if it is possible to remove them to the sides of the basket and to remove the stone alone, and to cast it away, for it is prohibited to carry it with the stone. But our Mishnah is speaking about the case where it had broken through from the sides of the basket or its rim at the bottom of the vessel and the stone was a wall to it, that it is impossible to use the basket without [the presence] of the stone.

תרומה טמאה עם הטהורה ועם החולין – subsidiary to the pure produce and subsidiary to the non-holy produce but the unclean is separate and is not carried.

אף מעלין את המדומע באחד ומאה – A Se’ah of Terumah/priest’s due that fell into one-hundred Se’ah of non-holy produce, it is permissible to raise it up to a Se’ah of Terumah from them on Shabbat and all of it (i.e., the rest) would be non-holy produce, and it is permissible for foreigners (i.e., non-priests) and we don’t say that he is making things legally fit for use by giving the priest’s dues, for the Terumah that fell in the non-holy produce, we consider it as if it was placed alone, and didn’t become mixed up, and when it comes up as one-part in one-hundred and one, the Terumah itself that fell comes up. Therefore, it is not repairing, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.