תרומות ד׳:ה׳ - ד׳:ו׳

חד מעשרה – he is able to increase and to separate Terumah, for since that we find that the designation of Terumah in another place, which is one out of ten. But if it even greater [a percentage], the designation of Terumah is not on that excess, and it is unconsecrated produce that is subject to sacred gifts of tithes, and it is subject to the laws of Terumah, and this is its remedy, that he should make it Terumah of the tithe (i.e., that which the Levite gives to the Kohen) in another place, and give it to the Levite that he can make it the Terumah of the tithe of his eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts, and the Levite will give him unconsecrated produce corresponding to that excess. And that we say that he should make it Terumah of the tithe for another place and did not say that he should make it Terumah/heave offering for another place, because we don’t give Terumah/heave offering other than from that which is close b, vut the Terumah of the tithe, we separate it from something not close by.

מחצה חולין ומחצה תרומה – that he (i.e., Rabbi Yishmael) held that a person can make half of his pile Terumah/heave-offering, as it is written (Deuteronomy 18:4): “You shall also give him the first fruits [of your new grain and wine and oil, and the first shearing of your sheep],” it is enough for the first that it be like grain [and the first is Terumah/heave-offering] and the grain is the left-overs.

עד שישייר שם חולין – we do not require oly that its left-overs be recognized, and the Halakha is according to Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiva.

הכלכלה – the basket that they measure in it to separate the tithes and the Terumah of the tithe, for we don’t separate them other than by measurement, and by number and by weight, as it is taught in the Mishnah (see Tractate Terumot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 7), and don’t increase to tithe by estimations, but the Great Terumah – we do not separate it other than from estimation, as it is taught in the Mishnah above (Tractate Terumot 1;7).

משערין את הכלכלה – [the calculate] to know what they will bring in from the produce.

בבכורות – at the time when the produce are in their ripening stage and are in their fullness and the basket includes less of them from what it holds of them at the end of the summer, when they begin to reduce in size and they are shriveled [and] thin (see Genesis 41:23).

ובאמצע הקיץ – when they are ripened and are not shriveled, and the basket holds from the produce more than what it holds of them when they fully developed, but less than what hit holds of them at the end of the summer when they have become reduced in size. Therefore, we calculate at these three seasons/times.

ובסייפות – produce that is at the end of the summer.

המונה משובח – from the one who removes through estimation.

והמודד משובח וכו' – and especially with tithes and the Terumah of the tithe, but not with the Great Terumah (i.e., that two percent which is given to the Kohen by Israelites), as we have explained.