Demai 1:3 - 1:4

הלוקח לזרע – he purchased grain to sow it, he is exempt [from tithes] with doubtfully tithed produce, whereas eatables which ae forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts, is definitely prohibited to sow [with them].

ולבהמה – he purchased from the beginning to feed his cattle he is exempt [from tithing] that which is doubtfully tithed. But if he purchased from the beginning for humans and changed his mind regarding it [and gave it] to his cattle, he is liable to tithe that which is doubtfully tithed.

וקמח לעורות – to tan the hides.

מכזיב ולהלן – Keziv is the end of the place where those who came up from Babylonia conquered and from there and onwards, those who came up from Egypt conquered, but those who came up from Babylonia did not conquer, but they were not liable for [tithing] doubtfully tithed produce other than from those lands that those who came up from Babylonia conquered alone, therefore from Keziv and onwards is exempt from [tithing] that which is doubtfully tithed, and we don’t worry that perhaps from the produce of the Land [of Israel] that those who came up from Babylonia brought there, for the presumption of that which is outside the Land [of Israel] is exempt until it is known to you that it is liable, and the presumption of the Land of Israel is that it is obligatory until it is known to you that it is exempt.

חלת עם הארץ – that the kneader/baker who is a member of the order for the observance of Levitical laws in daily intercourse prepared for him and wants to give to it to a Kohen who is a member of the order of Levitical laws in daily intercourse is exempt from tithing.

והמדומע – a person who does not observe certain religious customs concerning tithes that fell to him a Seah of heave-offering in less than one-hundred Seah of unconsecrated produce, that everything became mixed in proportions sufficient to make the whole prohibited to non-priests, that is to say, a mixture of heave-offering and he gives everything to a Kohen, he is exempt from tithing that which is doubtfully tithed.

והלקוח בכסף מעשר – that he acquired doubtfully tithed produce with the monies of Second Tithe, whether they are the monies of Second Tithe of produce doubtfully tithed or with the monies of Second Tithe that are definitely [tithed], he is exempt from tithing.

ושירי מנחות – that the person who takes a handful of the meal offering which the priest takes to be put on the altar and the left-overs are eaten by the Kohen and we don’t worry that perhaps a person who does not observe certain religious customs concerning tithes (i.e., an עם הארץ) brings something that is not legally fit for use by giving the priestly dues.

שמן ערב (spiced oil) – balsamum oil, and there are those who interpret olive coil that is combined with myrrh and aloe and spices.

מערבין בו – the joining of borders and the joining of courtyards.

ומשתתפין בו -the merging of alleyways and even though that he did not see it, because if he wanted, he could declare all his property ownerless and would be poor and it is appropriate for him, and this is taught in the Mishnah (Tractate Demai, Chapter 3, Mishnah 1): We feed the poor people doubtfully tithed produce, now also it is appropriate for him.

ומברכין עליו – the prayer after the meal/ברכת המזון.

ומזמנין עליו – and even though he ate while sinning hat he wasn’t poor, for if he wanted he could declare ownerless all his possessions and he would be poor and it would be appropriate for him.

ומפרישין אותו ערום – when he comes to separate from it the heave-offering of the tithe [for the Levite] and he Second Tithe, he is able to separate it and he is naked and does not need to make a blessing, for if he made a blessing, we require (Deuteronomy 23:15): “let your camp be holy,” but it is not.

בין השמשות – on the eve of the Sabbath, for when it doubtfully dark we tithe the doubtfully tithed, but we don’t tithe that which is definitely tithed.

אם הקדים מעשר שני לראשון – if he separated out the Second Tithe prior to his separating out the First Tithe in order to take the heave-offering of the tithe that is in it, it does not matter. What is not the case regarding definitely tithed where it teaches in the Mishnah (Tractate Maaser Sheni, Chapter 5, Mishnah 11) (Deuteronomy 26:13): “just as you commanded me,” but if he separated Second Tithe prior to the First [Tithe], he is not able to confess (Deuteronomy 26:5-10).

הגרדי – the weaver.

חייב בדמאי – for on his body he gives it and anointing is considered like drinking.

והסורק (the wool comber) – with a comb he places on the wool it is like oil to anoint/pour oil the utensils and he is exempt from tithing that which is doubtfully tithed.