Mishnayos Oholos Perek 18 Mishnah 4
ืืืืืช ืคืจืง ื"ื ืืฉื ื ืืณ
4
A kokhin field may neither be planted nor sown, but its earth is regarded as clean and ovens may be made of it for holy use. Bet Shammai and Bet Hillel agree that it [a bet peras in which a grave was plowed over] is examined for one who wished to perform the pesah sacrifice,but is not examined for one who wants to eat terumah. And as for a nazirite: Bet Shammai say: it is examined, But Bet Hillel say: it is not examined. How does he examine it? He brings earth that he can move, and places it into a sieve with fine meshes, and crumbles. If a bone of barley-corn size is found there [the person passing through the field] is deemed unclean.
ืฉืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึดืื, ืึนื ื ึดืึผึทืขึทืช, ืึฐืึนื ื ึดืึฐืจึทืขึทืช, ืึทืขึฒืคึธืจึธืึผ ืึธืืึนืจ, ืึฐืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื ืชึทื ึผืึผืจึดืื ืึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื. ืึผืืึนืึดืื ืึผึตืืช ืฉืึทืึผึทืื ืึผืึตืืช ืึดืึผึตื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึฐืงึดืื ืึฐืขืึนืฉืึถื ืคึถืกึทื, ืึฐืึตืื ืึผืึนืึฐืงึดืื ืึดืชึฐืจืึผืึธื. ืึผืึฐื ึธืึดืืจ, ืึผึตืืช ืฉืึทืึผึทืื ืืึนืึฐืจึดืื, ืึผืึนืึฐืงึดืื. ืึผืึตืืช ืึดืึผึตื ืืึนืึฐืจึดืื, ืึตืื ืึผืึนืึฐืงึดืื. ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืืึผื ืืึนืึตืง. ืึตืึดืื ืึถืช ืึถืขึธืคึธืจ ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึธืืึนื ืึทืึฒืกึดืืืึน ืึฐื ืึนืชึตื ืึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืึผึฐืึธืจึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึฐืงึธืึถืืึธ ืึทืงึผึดืื, ืึผืึฐืึทืึถื, ืึดื ื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืฉืึธื ืขึถืฆึถื ืึผึทืฉึผืึฐืขึนืจึธื, ืึธืึตื:
ืืณ
ืืจืื ืืจื
ืฉืื ืืืืื โ a place far from the cemetery that they place there the pier of the corpse and [people] gather there and weep.
ืื ื ืืืขืช ืืื ื ืืจืขืช โ in the first chapter of [Tractate] Moed Katan [5b] in the Gemara, it explains that because of the despair of the owners that came in contact with it, for since this is the situation, the owners despair from it and it is like he is in distress because many took possession/hold of it and it is forbidden to be upset over it. And specifically, when the owners became despaired that many took possession of it according to law. But if they did not despair, for now, it is not according to the law that they took possession of it, it is permissible to be upset over it.
ืืขืคืจื ืืืืจ โ for we donโt presume defilement to it at all.
ืืขืืฉืื ืืื ื ืชื ืืจืื ืืงืืืฉ โ which is not the case in the first two fields of crushed bones carried over from a ploughed area.
ืฉืืืืงืื ืืขืืฉื ืคืกื โ it refers to a field that a grave was ploughed up. For if a person goes there, he needs to slaughter his Passover sacrifice, they examine it as it is explained in the concluding clause [of this Mishnah], but if there is not found there a bone the size of a barleycorn, he goes and makes his Passover sacrifice.
ืืืื ืืืืงืื ืืชืจืืื โ that specifically for Passover that he relies upon this examination, because the defilement of a Bet HaPras/an area containing crushed bones carried over from a ploughed field which is Rabbinic. But the Sages did not stand by their words with regard to extirpation, for whomever does not offer the Passover sacrifice at the appropriate time is liable to extirpation. But regarding the heave-offering, that its consumption is not anything but a positive commandment, the Rabbis stood by their words in the place of a positive commandment and an examination is not effective to permit it for heave-offering.
ืืื ืืืจ โ [and to a Nazirite] that went there.
ืืืช ืฉืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืงืื โ and if a bone the size of a barleycorn was not found there, he does not shave his head.
ืืืืช ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืงืื โ that whether it (i.e., a bone the size of a barleycorn) is found or not found, he shaves his head and brings a sacrifice.
ืืขืคืจ ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืื โ as for example, crushed, loose earth.
ืืืืื (and crumbles it) โ make it very fine in his hand so that he can see if has a bone-fragment the size of a barley corn.
ืฉืื ืืืืื. ืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืืช ืืงืืจืืช ืฉืืืฉืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืช ืืืชืืืขืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื:
ืื ื ืืืขืช ืืื ื ืืจืขืช. ืืคืจืง ืงืื ืืืืขื ืงืื ืืืืจื, ืืคืจืฉ ืืืฉืื ืืืืฉ ืืขืืื ื ืืขื ืื, ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืื, ืืชืืืฉืื ืืืขืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืฉืืืืืงื ืื ืจืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืงืืงืื. ืืืืงื ืืฉื ืชืืืฉื ืืืขืืื, ืฉืืืืืงื ืื ืืจืืื ืืืื. ืืื ืื ื ืชืืืฉื, ืืืฉืชื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืงื ืื, ืืืชืจ ืืงืืงืื:
ืืขืคืจื ืืืืจ. ืืื ืืืืงืื ื ืื ืืืืื ืืื:
ืืขืืฉืื ืืื ื ืชื ืืจืื ืืงืืืฉ. ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืฉื ื ืืืช ืืคืจืก ืืจืืฉืื ืื:
ืฉืืืืงืื ืืขืืฉื ืคืกื. ืืฉืื ืฉื ืืจืฉ ืื ืงืืจ ืงืื. ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืคืกืื, ืืืืงืื ืืืชื ืืืืคืจืฉ ืืกืืคื, ืืื ืื ื ืืฆื ืฉื ืขืฆื ืืฉืขืืจื ืืืื ืืขืืฉื ืืช ืคืกืื:
ืืืื ืืืืงืื ืืชืจืืื. ืืืืงื ืืคืกื ืกืืื ืืืืืงื ืื, ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืืืช ืืคืจืก ืืจืื ื, ืืืืืื ืื ืืขืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืงืื ืืจืช, ืฉืื ืฉืืื ื ืืงืจืื ืงืจืื ืคืกื ืืืืขืื ืืืื ืืจืช. ืืื ืืชืจืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืชื ืื ืื ืขืฉื, ืืขืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืงืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงื ืื ืืืชืืจื ืืชืจืืื:
ืืื ืืืจ. ืฉืืื ืฉื:
ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืงืื. ืืื ืื ื ืืฆื ืฉื ืขืฆื ืืฉืขืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื:
ืืืืช ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืงืื. ืืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืื ืื ื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืืืื ืงืจืื:
ืืช ืืขืคืจ ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืื. ืืืื ืขืคืจ ืชืืื:
ืืืืื. ืขืืฉืื ืืง ืืง ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืขืฆื ืืฉืขืืจื: