ื ืคืชื— ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”
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ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื
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ืžื•ืขื“
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ื˜ื‘ืœืื•ืช ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช
ื”ื˜ื‘ืœืื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช
ืžืฉื ื” ื™ื•ืžื™ืชืื”ืœื•ืช ื™ืดื‘:ื’ืณ - ื™ืดื‘:ื“ืณ
ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื
ืคืจืง ื™ืดื–

Mishnayos Keilim Perek 17 Mishnah 9

ื›ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ื™"ื– ืžืฉื ื” ื˜ืณ

9
The cubit of which they spoke is one of medium size. There were two standard cubits in Shushan Habirah, one in the north-eastern corner and the other in the south-eastern corner. The one in the north-eastern corner exceeded that of Moses by half a fingerbreadth, while the one in the south-eastern corner exceeded the other by half a fingerbreadth, so that the latter exceeded that of Moses by a fingerbreadth. But why were there a larger and a smaller cubit? Only for this reason: so that craftsmen might take their orders according to the smaller cubit and return their finished work according to the larger cubit, so that they might not be guilty of any possible trespassing of Temple property.
ื”ึธืึทืžึผึธื” ืฉืึถืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ, ื‘ึผึธืึทืžึผึธื” ื”ึทื‘ึผึตื™ื ื•ึนื ึดื™ืช. ื•ึผืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ ืึทืžึผื•ึนืช ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึฐืฉืื•ึผืฉืึทืŸ ื”ึทื‘ึผึดื™ืจึธื”, ืึทื—ึทืช ืขึทืœ ืงึถืจึถืŸ ืžึดื–ึฐืจึธื—ึดื™ืช ืฆึฐืคื•ึนื ึดื™ืช ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืช ืขึทืœ ืงึถืจึถืŸ ืžึดื–ึฐืจึธื—ึดื™ืช ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืžึดื™ืช. ืฉืึถืขึทืœ ืงึถืจึถืŸ ืžึดื–ึฐืจึธื—ึดื™ืช ืฆึฐืคื•ึนื ึดื™ืช ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ื™ึฐืชึตืจึธื” ืขึทืœ ืฉืึถืœ ืžืฉืึถื” ื—ึฒืฆึดื™ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึทืข. ืฉืึถืขึทืœ ืงึถืจึถืŸ ืžึดื–ึฐืจึธื—ึดื™ืช ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืžึดื™ืช ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ื™ึฐืชึตืจึธื” ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ ื—ึฒืฆึดื™ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึทืข, ื ึดืžึฐืฆึตืืช ื™ึฐืชึตืจึธื” ืขึทืœ ืฉืึถืœ ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึธืข. ื•ึฐืœึธืžึผึธื” ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืึทื—ึทืช ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืช ืงึฐื˜ึทื ึผึธื”, ืึถืœึผึธื ืฉืึถื”ึธืึปืžึผึธื ึดื™ืŸ ื ื•ึนื˜ึฐืœึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึทืงึผึฐื˜ึทื ึผึธื” ื•ึผืžึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึทื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื”, ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ืœึดื™ื“ึตื™ ืžึฐืขึดื™ืœึธื”:
ื˜ืณ
ื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื

ื”ืืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• โ€“ to the matters of Shabbat and Eruvin and Sukkah and the measurements [of the Temple] and Kilayim/mixed seeds.

ื‘ืืžื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช โ€“ this cubit is six handbreadths long. For there is a cubit that is five [handbreadths] [that is smaller than it]. And there is larger cubit that is six [handbreadths] and a finger in length. But the cubit that is six [handbreadths] is the medium-sized one.

ืฉืชื™ ืืžื•ืช โ€“ two measurements that with them they measure the cubits, and each one of them is a cubit.

ื‘ืฉื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” โ€“ one room is built on the eastern gate of the courtyard, and upon it, the capital city of Shushan is painted on it, in order that the fear of the kingdom be upon them.

ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” โ€“ on the cubit that is six handbreadths long.

ืฉื”ืื•ืžื ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื˜ื ื” โ€“ that the treasurer/manager would make a condition with the artisans โ€“ such-and-such cubits they would make in the building for the keeping of the Temple in repair, from the cubits of Moses, such and such a costs, and they would return to him by a finger (see Tractate Menahot 98a) the measurement of the longer cubit upon it, in order that they would add from their own on their condition, lest they make it less, and it is found that they come to commit a religious sacrilege that they benefited from that which was dedicated to the Temple. And why two? One for silver and gold, that when they make a condition with those who smelt gold and silver to make a tablet of four or five cubits in the cubit of Moses, they restore to the extra measure of it a half-finger, not for the additional measurement upon it of a finger, since the artistry is costly and they donโ€™t cause them to lose so much.

ื”ืืžื” ืฉืืžืจื•. ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืกื•ื›ื” ื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื•ื›ืœืื™ื:

ื‘ืืžื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ื™ื ืืžื” ื‘ืช ืฉืฉื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื. ื“ืื™ื›ื ืืžื” ื‘ืช ื—ืžืฉื” [ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืžื ื”], ื•ืื™ื›ื ืืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืช ืฉืฉื” ื•ืืฆื‘ืข, ื•ืืžื” ื‘ืช ืฉืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช:

ืฉืชื™ ืืžื•ืช. ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ืืžื”:

ื‘ืฉื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื”. ื—ื“ืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืฉืขืจ ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื”, ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืจืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื™ืžืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช:

ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”. ืขืœ ืืžื” ื‘ืช ืฉืฉื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื:

ืฉื”ืื•ืžื ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื˜ื ื”. ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ื–ื‘ืจ ืžืชื ื” ืขื ื”ืื•ืžื ื™ื, ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ืืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืชืขืฉื• ืœื‘ื“ืง ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”, ื‘ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ื“ืžื™ื, ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืœื• ื‘ืžื“ืช ื”ืืžื” ื”ื™ืชื™ืจื” ืขืœื™ื” ืืฆื‘ืข, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืžืฉืœื”ื ืขืœ ืชื ืื, ืคืŸ ื™ืคื—ืชื• ื•ื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื“ื™ ืžืขื™ืœื” ืฉื ื”ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉ. ื•ืœืžื” ืฉืชื™ื, ื—ื“ื ืœื›ืกืคื ื•ื“ื”ื‘ื, ืฉื›ืฉืžืชื ื™ื ืขื ืฆื•ืจืคื™ ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื›ืกืฃ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืœื ื‘ืช ืืจื‘ืข ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืืžื•ืช ื‘ืืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”, ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืœืžื“ื” ื”ื™ืชืจื” ืขืœื™ื” ื—ืฆื™ ืืฆื‘ืข, ืœื ืœืžื“ื” ื”ื™ืชืจื” ืขืœื™ื” ืืฆื‘ืข, ืœืคื™ ืฉืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื” ื”ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš: